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Ceric ammonium nitrate (CAN), a highly versatile reagent, was found to efficiently mediate the oxidative dimerization of primary thioamides in acetonitrile at room temperature leading to the rapid and expeditious synthesis of symmetrically 3,5-disubstituted 1,2,4-thiadiazoles in high yields.

An expedient procedure for the acylation of alcohols, phenols, and thiophenols using catalytic amount of Zn(OTf)2 is described. This procedure is highly suitable for industrial application due to use of less toxic metal as a part of catalyst, short reaction time at ambient temperature, without any racemization of chiral alcohols.

Various aldehyde substrates are subjected to the process with primary amines under optimized conditions A).

The formation of title compounds (IV) is assumed to proceed via Michael type addition, followed by aminolysis of the oxadiazine to an unstable open chain intermediate which undergoes dehydrative cyclization to (IV).