1. Comparative Toxicities of Polar and Non-Polar Organic Fractions From Sediments Affected By the Exxon Valdez Oil Spill in Prince William Sound, Alaska
- Author
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John R. Clayton, Timothy A. Thompson, John Lunz, K. John Scott, James R. Payne, and Douglas A. Wolfe
- Subjects
geography ,geography.geographical_feature_category ,Ecology ,biology ,Sediment ,Sister chromatid exchange ,biology.organism_classification ,Bivalvia ,medicine.disease_cause ,Mytilus ,Oceanography ,Environmental chemistry ,medicine ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Polar ,Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics ,Genotoxicity ,Geology ,Salmonidae ,Sound (geography) ,General Environmental Science - Abstract
Standardized tests were applied to aromatic and polar fractions of sediment extracts to determine whether polar constituents or oxidative degradation products contributed significantly to the toxicity of sediments oiled by the Exxon Valdez spill. Intertidal sediment and pore-water samples were collected in September 1990 from two heavily oiled sites and an unoiled site in Prince William Sound (PWS). Methylene chloride extracts from these samples were fractionated by liquid chromatography into aliphatic, aromatic and polar fractions, and the aromatic and polar fractions were tested for toxicity using the MicrotoxR test, bivalve larval mortality and development (Mytilus); several measures of genotoxicity in Mytilus, including SOS ChromotestR, anaphase aberrations and sister chromatid exchange; and survival, anaphase aberrations and teratogenicity in coho salmon (Onchorhynchus kisutch). MicrotoxR and SOS ChromotestR protocols were applied in a screening mode to all samples, whereas other tests were ...
- Published
- 1995
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