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RhCl(PPh3)3(Wilkinson complex) catalyzes the dehydrogenation of 2-propanol under the photo-irradiation at room temperature. The catalytic activity of the reaction mixture including 2-propanol and this complex is very high, especially in the case of the preparation of this mixture under the oxygen atmosphere, and has the maximum value at the special concentration range of this complex.

Metal dispersion has a striking influence on the activity and selectivity of Rh/SiO2for high pressure CO hydrogenation. Decreasing dispersion, turnover frequency of CO conversion does not change significantly with dispersion up to 0.5 but increases abruptly at dispersion of 0.45. CH3OH is produced selectively at high dispersion. C2-oxygenated compounds are produced favorably for dispersion of 0.25–0.45. CH4formation increases monotonously with decrease of dispersion.

A high performance catalyst for ethanol production -has been developed. Ethanol was produced with more than 50% selectivity from syngas over Rh–Ti–Fe–Ir/SiO2under the condition of 50 atm and 260 °C. The roles of additives were discussed from the point of the reaction behavior and physical property of this catalyst.

The formation of C2-oxygenates was enhanced by the modification of Co/SiO2catalyst, prepared from cobalt(II) acetate, with transition metal (Ru or Re) and alkaline earth in the hydrogenation of carbon monoxide. The X-ray photoelectron spectra suggest that the cobalt is kept in the moderate oxidation state by synergetic effects of transition metal and alkaline earth. The formation of C2–O occurrs on the partly reduced cobalt site.

The reactions between superoxide ion with substrates having labile hydrogens were examined by using KO2-18-crown-6-DMSO system. Superoxide ion abstracts hydrogen from the substrate, only when formed radical can be highly stabilized by conjugating π-electrons

Carbides such as Mo2C, Fe3C, and WC have proved to be effective catalysts for hydrogenation of CO2. Mo2C and Fe3C showed high CO2conversion and good methanol selectivity at 220 °C. A considerable amount of dimethylether was produced over WC. TaC and SiC were almost inactive. Copper promoted carbide catalysts were also tested for CO2hydrogenation.

The molybdic anhydride-catalyzed epoxidation of olefin by t-butyl hydroperoxide was studied with particular reference to the induction period and the effect of additives. The epoxidation in the presence of hexamethylphosphorictriamide(HMPT) proceeds through an intermediate complex, MoO(O2)2-HMPT, which was isolated as an adduct with bipyridyl.

A selective synthesis of acetic acid from syngas was investigated. Acetic acid was produced with nearly 70% selectivity in carbon efficiency over H2S-modified Rh–Ir–Mn–Li/SiO2catalyst at the expense of the activity. The role of H2S modification was also studied.

Combination of a CH3OH synthesis catalyst (Cu-ZnO-Al2O3) with a solid acid, which promotes CH3OCH3formation, creates a strong driving force for CO2conversion. At equilibrium higher yields and selectivities can be achieved: 24.3% yield in DME + CH3OH with hybrid catalyst, compared to 11.6% with CH3OH synthesis catalyst only, at 240 °C and 3 MPa. Zeolites were proved to be very efficient, with a yield of 17%.

The direct synthesis of acetic acid from synthesis gas has been investigated. Acetic acid was produced with more than 63% selectivity over Rh–Mn–Zr–Li/SiO2catalyst at 300 °C under 100 kg/cm2of synthesis gas (CO/H2= 9/1) flow.

The behavior of adsorbed CO and reaction intermediates on Rh/SiO2has been observed at high pressure CO hydrogenation condition by in situ FT-IR spectroscopy. A good relationship exists between turnover frequency of CO conversion and the ratio of bridged-CO/linear-CO adsorbed on Rh/SiO2at the reaction condition in terms of Rh dispersion of catalysts. Turnover frequency increases with the increase of this ratio as a general trend. Two kinds of acetate species as reaction products on SiO2have been observed.

The ethylenediamine Ru(II) tricarboxyterpyridine complex [Ru(tctpy)(en)(NCS)]Cl (1) was newly synthesized, and its photophysical and photovoltaic properties were characterized. Solar cells based on nanocrystalline TiO2films sensitized with 1exhibited efficient sensitization over the visible and near-infrared region. These solar cells generated a large short-circuit photocurrent of 17.7 mA cm−2and an open-circuit potential of 0.68 V under simulated AM 1.5 solar irradiation (100 mW cm−2) with a solar energy conversion efficiency of 8.5%.

Carbonate ions cause a net increase of the saturation photocurrent as well as the occurrence of a stepwise photocurrent/potential (I/V) characteristic for the photooxidation of water at a nanocrystalline TiO2photoanode deposited on the conducting glass.

Solar cell composed of Eosin Y-sensitized porous TiO2electrode treated with TiCl4showed remarkably high photon-to-current efficiency (51% at 533 nm) and solar-to-energy efficiency (1.3%, AM-1.5, 100 mW/cm2with UV cutoff filter). Eosin Y dimer supposed to be more efficient than monomer. Turnover number of Eosin Y for excitation was more than 2.7 × 106cycles, suggesting that Eosin Y was fairly stable unless UV light was irradiated.