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Lipids and essential oils from Ferula prangifolia Korovin (Apiaceae) endemic in Uzbekistan were studied for the first time. The compositions of lipid fatty acids and essential oils of fruit and leaves were established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipids and essential oil from roots of licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L., Fabaceae) growing in Uzbekistan were investigated. Neutral, glyco-, and phospholipids and lipid-like constituents transferring into benzine (free lipids), CHCl3, and EtOH extracts were identified using CC, TLC, GC, and GC-MS. Total lipids from the roots were dominated (31.8%) by free fatty acids with high contents of linoleic, oleic, and palmitic acids (40.0, 22.7, and 18.3%, respectively). The major constituent of essential oil extracted by steam distillation was carvone (65.3%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Essential oil and lipids from leaves of Ferula kuhistanica Korovin (Apiaceae; syn. F. jaeschkeana auct. non Vatke) growing in Uzbekistan were studied for the first time using GC-MS. Essential oil consisted of 51 constituents (99.8% total with mostly α-pinene, 72.9%). Enantioselective analysis of essential-oil constituents found the enantiomeric excesses of (+/–)-α-pinene (61.9/38.1), (+/–)-β-pinene (28.6/71.4), (+/–)-sabinene (13.2/86.8), and (+/–)-limonene (82.7/17.3). Lipids included hexadeca-7Z,10Z,13Z-trienoic acid, confirming that F. kuhistanica belonged to plant group 16:3. Essential oil, chiral constituents, and lipids from leaves of F. kuhistanica were studied for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Essential oil and a CO extract, the main constituent of which was geraniol, were obtained for the first time from Artemisia aralensis Krasch. The germacrane-type sesquiterpene lactone argracin was isolated for the first time from the CHCl extract and studied by X-ray crystal structure analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The essential oil of the leaves of Cupressus sempervirens L. was isolated by hydrodistillation and tested against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, showing remarkable antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) 75%. The antiviral activity of the essential oil was tested against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), showing antiviral activity with virucidal percentages of 68.0% and 53.2% at concentrations of 1:32 and 1:64, respectively. We firstly reported the isolation of two epi-betulin esters of fatty acids from the CHCl3 fraction of Cupressus sempervirens L. leaves, which were isolated and purified using HPLC, and identified using PMR and MS. The CHCl3 fraction showed significant cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The component composition of essential oils produced by steam distillation from flower heads, leaves, and stems of Salvia anatolica (Lamiaceae), a recently described new species endemic from Turkey, was studied by GC/FID and GC/MS. A total of 127 volatile components representing 96% of the oil was identified in essential oil from flower heads and leaves. It was found that the principal oil components of flower heads and leaves were α-pinene (10.9%), β-pinene (6.7%), α-copaene (6.3%), heptacosane (6.2%), and hexadecanoic acid (5.0%). A total of 109 volatile compounds representing 87.9% of the oil was characterized in essential oil isolated from stems. The principal oil components of stems were identified as hexadecanoic acid (27.2%), tetradecanoic acid (15.2%), dodecanoic acid (5.5%), and α-copaene (5.0%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The composition of essential oil from Artemisia glauca (Asteraceae) growing in southern Siberia was studied. More than 60 oil components consisting of 99.0–99.7% of the total volatile components were identified by GC—MS by comparison of full mass spectra and retention times. The main components of the essential oil were acetylene derivatives of capillene (11–60%) and benzyldiacetylene (1–31%). Other acetylene derivatives such as capillin, (E)-hex-4-en-2-ynylbenzene, 1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-2,4-pentadiyne, and capillarin were also identified in the oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemical composition of the essential oils of Dracocephalum kotschyi (Lamiaceae) aerial parts, grown in Iran and obtained from three different methods, were determined by GC and GC/MS. Fifty-seven compounds (93.3%) in the hydrodistillate oil, 55 compounds (94.2%) in the steam distillate oil, and 34 compounds (98.4%) in the hydrolate were identified. The major compounds in the hydrodistillate oil were α-pinene (12.1%), methyl geranate (11.2%), β-ocimene (8.6%), and limonene (7.2%). α-Pinene (15%), methyl geranate (14.5%), limonene (11.2%), and β-ocimene (8.4%) were the most abundant components in the steam distillate oil. The percentages of geraniol (13%), trans-verbenol (11.6%), and terpinen-4-ol (11.2%) were more than other constituents in the hydrolate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The chemical composition and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil from aerial parts of Anthemis wiedemanniana, an endemic taxon of Turkey, were investigated. Linalool (12.75%), 1,8-cineole (8.49%), hexadecanoic acid (6.09%), and chrysanthenone (5.67%) were found to be the main components among the 122 compounds characterized in the essential oil of Anthemis wiedemanniana. Antimicrobial activities were reported against 12 microorganisms and five yeast-like fungi by the disc diffusion method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]