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Satureja montana and S. subspicata are used as a spices, pepper substitute, for preparing tea, juice, and as a medicine. Fourteen populations (seven per species) of Satureja montana L. and S. subspicata Vis. in Croatia were examined to determine the chemical composition of the essential oil (analysed by GC-FID and GC-MS), the content of macroelements (Na, K, Ca, Mg) and trace elements (B, Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, Al, Pb, Cr, Cd, Ni, Hg, As) analysed by ICP-AES, the determination of antioxidants compounds (analysed by UV/Vis spectrophotometer), and determination of the types and distribution of trichomes (analysed by scanning electron microscopy). The main constituents of the essential oil were carvacrol and thymol in S. montana (all populations belong to one phenol chemotype) while α-eudesmol, β- eudesmol and spathulenol dominated in S. subspicata (three chemotype could be distinguished). Both species possess considerably higher quantities of Ca and Mg, and moderate concentrations of K and Na, while Hg and As levels were below the limit of quantification. Non- glandular trichomes, peltate trichomes, and three types of capitate trichomes were observed on leaves, stem, calyx and corolla.