1. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Evaluation of 1,4‐Naphthoquinone Derivatives as Potential Antibacterial Agents
- Author
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Myung-Kwan Han, Byung-Hyun Park, Dong Jin Yoo, Ae Rhan Kim, Sunirmal Sheet, Maciej Masłyk, Dhanraj Premnath, Palanisamy Ravichandiran, and Monika Janeczko
- Subjects
Salmonella bongori ,1,4-Naphthoquinone ,010402 general chemistry ,medicine.disease_cause ,01 natural sciences ,Microbiology ,necrosis ,lcsh:Chemistry ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine ,naphthoquinone derivatives ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,reactive oxygen species ,Reactive oxygen species ,antimicrobial activity ,biology ,Full Paper ,010405 organic chemistry ,Chemistry ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,General Chemistry ,Full Papers ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Antimicrobial ,Hemolysis ,0104 chemical sciences ,lcsh:QD1-999 ,Staphylococcus aureus ,hemolysis ,Antibacterial activity - Abstract
1,4‐Naphthoquinones are an important class of compounds present in a number of natural products. In this study, a new series of 1,4‐naphthoquinone derivatives were synthesized. All the synthesized compounds were tested for in vitro antimicrobial activity. In this present investigation, two Gram‐positive and five Gram‐negative bacterial strains and one pathogenic yeast strain were used to determine the antibacterial activity. Naphthoquinones tested for its antibacterial potencies, among seven of them displayed better antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus; 30–70 μg/mL). Some of the tested compounds showed moderate to low antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa (P. aeruginosa) and Salmonella bongori (S. bongori; 70–150 μg/mL). In addition, most active compounds against S. aureus were evaluated for toxicity to human blood cells using a hemolysis assay. For better understanding, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, time‐kill kinetic study, and apoptosis, necrosis responses were investigated for three representative compounds.
- Published
- 2019