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5. Surfactant Protein D Is Associated With Severe Pediatric ARDS, Prolonged Ventilation, and Death in Children With Acute Respiratory Failure

Author

Bateman, Scot T., Berg, M.D., Borasino, Santiago, Bysani, G. Kris, Cowl, Allison S., Bowens, Cindy Darnell, Faustino, E. Vincent S., Fineman, Lori D., Godshall, A.J., Hirshberg, Ellie, Kirby, Aileen L., McLaughlin, Gwenn E., Medar, Shivanand, Oren, Phineas P., Schneider, James B., Schwarz, Adam J., Shanley, Thomas P., Sorce, Lauren R., Truemper, Edward J., Vander Heyden, Michele A., Wittmayer, Kim, Zuppa, Athena, Wypij, David, Dahmer, Mary K., Flori, Heidi, Sapru, Anil, Kohne, Joseph, Weeks, Heidi M., Curley, Martha A.Q., Matthay, Michael A., and Quasney, Michael W.

Published
2020
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6. Management of Lung Nodules and Lung Cancer Screening During the COVID-19 Pandemic: CHEST Expert Panel Report

Author

Mazzone, Peter J., Gould, Michael K., Arenberg, Douglas A., Chen, Alexander C., Choi, Humberto K., Detterbeck, Frank C., Farjah, Farhood, Fong, Kwun M., Iaccarino, Jonathan M., Janes, Samuel M., Kanne, Jeffrey P., Kazerooni, Ella A., MacMahon, Heber, Naidich, David P., Powell, Charles A., Raoof, Suhail, Rivera, M. Patricia, Tanner, Nichole T., Tanoue, Lynn K., Tremblay, Alain, Vachani, Anil, White, Charles S., Wiener, Renda Soylemez, and Silvestri, Gerard A.

Published
2020
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9. Overdiagnosis of COPD in Subjects With Unobstructed Spirometry: A BOLD Analysis

Author

Zhong, NanShan, Liu, Shengming, Lu, Jiachun, Ran, Pixin, Wang, Dali, Zheng, Jingping, Zhou, Yumin, Kocabaş, Ali, Hancioglu, Attila, Hanta, Ismail, Kuleci, Sedat, Turkyilmaz, Ahmet Sinan, Umut, Sema, Unalan, Turgay, Studnicka, Michael, Dawes, Torkil, Lamprecht, Bernd, Sator, Lea, Bateman, Eric, Jithoo, Anamika, Adams, Desiree, Barnes, Edward, Freeman, Jasper, Hayes, Anton, Hlengwa, Sipho, Johannisen, Christine, Koopman, Mariana, Louw, Innocentia, Ludick, Ina, Olckers, Alta, Ryck, Johanna, Storbeck, Janita, Gislason, Thorarinn, Benedikdtsdottir, Bryndis, Jörundsdottir, Kristin, Gudmundsdottir, Lovisa, Gudmundsdottir, Sigrun, Gundmundsson, Gunnar, Nizankowska-Mogilnicka, Ewa, Frey, Jakub, Harat, Rafal, Mejza, Filip, Nastalek, Pawel, Pajak, Andrzej, Skucha, Wojciech, Szczeklik, Andrzej, Twardowska, Magda, Welte, Tobias, Bodemann, Isabelle, Geldmacher, Henning, Schweda-Linow, Alexandra, Gulsvik, Amund, Endresen, Tina, Svendsen, Lene, Tan, Wan C., Wang, Wen, Mannino, David M., Cain, John, Copeland, Rebecca, Hazen, Dana, Methvin, Jennifer, Dantes, Renato B., Amarillo, Lourdes, Berratio, Lakan U., Fernandez, Lenora C., Francisco, Norberto A., Garcia, Gerard S., de Guia, Teresita S., Idolor, Luisito F., Naval, Sullian S., Reyes, Thessa, Roa, Camilo C., Jr., Sanchez, Ma. Flordeliza, Simpao, Leander P., Jenkins, Christine, Marks, Guy, Bird, Tessa, Espinel, Paola, Hardaker, Kate, Toelle, Brett, Burney, Peter G.J., Amor, Caron, Potts, James, Tumilty, Michael, McLean, Fiona, Wouters, E.F.M., Wesseling, G.J., Bárbara, Cristina, Rodrigues, Fátima, Dias, Hermínia, Cardoso, João, Almeida, João, Matos, Maria João, Simão, Paula, Santos, Moutinho, Ferreira, Reis, Janson, Christer, Olafsdottir, Inga Sif, Nisser, Katarina, Spetz-Nyström, Ulrike, Hägg, Gunilla, Lund, Gun-Marie, Jõgi, Rain, Laja, Hendrik, Ulst, Katrin, Zobel, Vappu, Lill, Toomas-Julius, Koul, Parvaiz A., Malik, Sajjad, Hakim, Nissar A., Khan, Umar Hafiz, Chowgule, Rohini, Shetye, Vasant, Raphael, Jonelle, Almeda, Rosel, Tawde, Mahesh, Tadvi, Rafiq, Katkar, Sunil, Kadam, Milind, Dhanawade, Rupesh, Ghurup, Umesh, Harrabi, Imed, Denguezli, Myriam, Tabka, Zouhair, Daldoul, Hager, Boukheroufa, Zaki, Chouikha, Firas, Khalifa, Wahbi Belhaj, Roa, Camilo C., Ayuyao, Fernando G., Tady, Cecil Z., Tan, Daniel T., Banal-Yang, Sylvia, Balanag, Vincent M., Jr., Reyes, Maria Teresita N., Juvekar, Sanjay, Hirve, Siddhi, Sambhudas, Somnath, Chaidhary, Bharat, Tambe, Meera, Pingale, Savita, Umap, Arati, Umap, Archana, Shelar, Nitin, Devchakke, Sampada, Chaudhary, Sharda, Bondre, Suvarna, Walke, Savita, Gawhane, Ashleshsa, Sapkal, Anil, Argade, Rupali, Gaikwad, Vijay, Salvi, Sundeep, Brashier, Bill, Londhe, Jyoti, Madas, Sapna, Obaseki, Daniel, Erhabor, Gregory, Awopeju, Olayemi, Adewole, Olufemi, Horner, Andreas, Kaiser, Bernhard, McBurnie, Mary Ann, Buist, A. Sonia, Gnatiuc, Luisa, Bateman, Eric D., and Burney, Peter

Published
2019
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17. PROSPECTIVE EVALUATION OF CELL-FREE DNA FRAGMENTATION PROFILES FOR LUNG CANCER DETECTION

Author

J. MAZZONE, PETER, primary, WONG, KWOK-KIN, additional, TSAY, JAMES, additional, VACHANI, ANIL, additional, THOMPSON, JEFFREY, additional, RYAN, ALLISON, additional, CAREY, JACOB, additional, WU, TONY, additional, ZONG, YUHUA, additional, PORTWOOD, CARTER, additional, LUMBARD, KEITH, additional, CATALLINI, JOSEPH, additional, ARJUNGI, KAVITA, additional, BIRCH, ASHLEY, additional, BACH, PETER, additional, SCHARPF, ROBERT, additional, DRACOPOLI, NICHOLAS, additional, and VELCULESCU, VICTOR E, additional

Published
2023
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24. Cell-Free DNA Fragmentomes in the Diagnostic Evaluation of Patients With Symptoms Suggestive of Lung Cancer

Author

Alessandro I.C. Leal, Dimitrios Mathios, Debbie Jakubowski, Jakob S. Johansen, Anna Lau, Tony Wu, Stephen Cristiano, Jamie E. Medina, Jillian Phallen, Daniel C. Bruhm, Jacob Carey, Nicholas C. Dracopoli, Stig E. Bojesen, Robert B. Scharpf, Victor E. Velculescu, Anil Vachani, and Peter B. Bach

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Published
2023

25. The Probability of Lung Cancer in Patients With Incidentally Detected Pulmonary Nodules

Author

Brian Z. Huang, Michael K. Gould, Anil Vachani, Chengyi Zheng, Thearis A. Osuji, and In-Lu Amy Liu

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, education.field_of_study, medicine.medical_specialty, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Population, Cancer, Nodule (medicine), Retrospective cohort study, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.disease, Pulmonary nodule, medicine, In patient, Radiology, medicine.symptom, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Lung cancer, education, business
Abstract

Background The frequency of cancer and accuracy of prediction models have not been studied in large, population-based samples of patients with incidental pulmonary nodules measuring > 8 mm in diameter. Research Questions How does the frequency of cancer vary by size and smoking history among patients with incidental nodules? How accurate are two widely used models for identifying cancer in these patients? Study Design and Methods We assembled a retrospective cohort of individuals with incidental nodules measuring > 8 mm in diameter identified by chest CT imaging between 2006 and 2016. We used a validated natural language processing algorithm to identify nodules and their characteristics by scanning the text of dictated radiology reports. We reported patient and nodule characteristics stratified by the presence or absence of a lung cancer diagnosis within 27 months of nodule identification and estimated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) to compare the accuracy of the Mayo Clinic and Brock models for identifying cancer. Results The sample included 23,780 individuals with a nodule measuring > 8 mm, including 2,356 patients (9.9%) with a lung cancer diagnosis within 27 months of nodule identification. Cancer was diagnosed in 5.4% of never smokers, 12.2% of former smokers, and 17.7% of current smokers. Cancer was diagnosed in 5.7% of patients with nodules measuring 9 to 15 mm, 12.1% of patients with nodules > 15 to 20 mm, and 18.4% of patients with nodules > 20 to 30 mm. In the full sample, the Mayo Clinic model (AUC, 0.747; 95% CI, 0.737-0.757) was more accurate than the Brock model (AUC, 0.713; 95% CI, 0.702-0.724; P Interpretation Almost 10% of patients with an incidental pulmonary nodule measuring > 8 mm in diameter will receive a lung cancer diagnosis. Existing prediction models have only fair accuracy and overestimate the probability of cancer.

Published
2022

27. A 30-Year-Old Immune Deficient Woman With Persistent Cough and Shortness of Breath

Author

Carol Farver, Daffolyn Rachael Fels Elliott, Michael P. Combs, and Anil K. Attili

Subjects
Adult, Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, GATA2 Deficiency, Biopsy, Pulmonary Alveolar Proteinosis, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Azithromycin, Bronchoalveolar Lavage, Esophageal candidiasis, medicine, Humans, Sinusitis, Fasciitis, Lung, Ethambutol, business.industry, Thoracoscopy, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes, medicine.disease, Dermatology, Pneumonia, Squamous intraepithelial lesion, Dyspnea, Hypocellularity, Cough, Female, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business, medicine.drug
Abstract

Case Presentation A 30-year-old woman was referred with increasing shortness of breath and cough in the setting of GATA2 deficiency. She initially presented 9 years previously with recurrent episodes of pneumonia and sinusitis. Genetic testing revealed a heterozygous GATA2 mutation (c.988C>T). She has since had multiple infections that have included necrotizing fasciitis of the right thumb, recurrent pilonidal infections (which required 23 procedures), esophageal candidiasis, and human papillomavirus-positive high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion of the cervix. Serial bone marrow biopsy specimens showed persistent hypocellularity (20% to 60%) with intermittent erythroid atypia and variable detection of trisomy 8, which were concerning for evolving myelodysplastic syndrome. One year before the current admission, she was diagnosed with disseminated Mycobacterium avium complex and was treated with rifabutin, ethambutol, and azithromycin. She was taking voriconazole, acyclovir, and trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole prophylaxis.

Published
2021

28. Performance of an Electronic Decision Support System as a Therapeutic Intervention During a Multicenter PICU Clinical Trial

Author

Eliotte L. Hirshberg, Jamin L. Alexander, Lisa A. Asaro, Kerry Coughlin-Wells, Garry M. Steil, Debbie Spear, Cheryl Stone, Vinay M. Nadkarni, Michael S.D. Agus, Michael Agus, David Wypij, Lisa Asaro, Vinay Nadkarni, Vijay Srinivasan, Katherine Biagas, Peter M. Mourani, Ranjit Chima, Neal J. Thomas, Simon Li, Alan Pinto, Christopher Newth, Amanda Hassinger, Kris Bysani, Kyle J. Rehder, Edward Vincent Faustino, Sarah Kandil, Eliotte Hirshberg, Kupper Wintergerst, Adam Schwarz, Dayanand Bagdure, Lauren Marsillio, Natalie Cvijanovich, Nga Pham, Michael Quasney, Heidi Flori, Myke Federman, Sholeen Nett, Neethi Pinto, Shirley Viteri, James Schneider, Shivanand Medar, Anil Sapru, Patrick McQuillen, Christopher Babbitt, John C. Lin, Philippe Jouvet, Ofer Yanay, Christine Allen, Peter Luckett, James Fackler, and Thomas Rozen

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Protocol (science), medicine.medical_specialty, business.industry, Insulin, medicine.medical_treatment, Retrospective cohort study, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Clinical decision support system, law.invention, Clinical trial, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 030228 respiratory system, Randomized controlled trial, law, Emergency medicine, medicine, Task analysis, Observational study, 030212 general & internal medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, business
Abstract

BACKGROUND The use of electronic clinical decision support (CDS) systems for pediatric critical care trials is rare. We sought to describe in detail the use of a CDS tool (Children's Hospital Euglycemia for Kids Spreadsheet [CHECKS]), for the management of hyperglycemia during the 32 multicenter Heart And Lung Failure-Pediatric Insulin Titration trial. RESEARCH QUESTION In critically ill pediatric patients who were treated with CHECKS, how was user compliance associated with outcomes; and what patient and clinician factors might account for the observed differences in CHECKS compliance? STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS During an observational retrospective study of compliance with a CDS tool used during a prospective randomized controlled trial, we compared patients with high and low CHECKS compliance. We investigated the association between compliance and blood glucose metrics. We describe CHECKS and use a computer interface analysis framework (the user, function, representation, and task analysis framework) to categorize user interactions. We discuss implications for future randomized controlled trials. RESULTS Over a 4.5-year period, 658 of 698 children were treated with the CHECKS protocol for ≥24 hours with a median of 119 recommendations per patient. Compliance per patient was high (median, 99.5%), with only 30 patients having low compliance (

Published
2021

32. Development and Validation of a Risk Assessment Model for Pulmonary Nodules Using Plasma Proteins and Clinical Factors

Author

Anil Vachani, Stephen Lam, Pierre P. Massion, James K. Brown, Michael Beggs, Amanda L. Fish, Luis Carbonell, Shan X. Wang, and Peter J. Mazzone

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
Abstract

Deficiencies in risk assessment for patients with pulmonary nodules (PNs) contribute to unnecessary invasive testing and delays in diagnosis.What is the accuracy of a novel PN risk model that includes plasma proteins and clinical factors? How does the accuracy compare with that of an established risk model?Based on technology using magnetic nanosensors, assays were developed with seven plasma proteins. In a training cohort (n = 429), machine learning approaches were used to identify an optimal algorithm that subsequently was evaluated in a validation cohort (n = 489), and its performance was compared with the Mayo Clinic model.In the training set, we identified an support vector machine algorithm that included the seven plasma proteins and six clinical factors that demonstrated an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.87 and met other selection criteria. The resulting risk reclassification model (RRM) was used to recategorize patients with a pretest risk of between 10% and 84%, and its performance was assessed across five risk strata (low, ≤ 10%; moderate, 10%-34%; intermediate, 35%-70%; high, 71%-84%; very high,85%). Stratification by the RRM decreased the proportion of intermediate-risk patients from 26.7% to 10.8% (P .001) and increased the low-risk and high-risk strata from 16.8% to 21.9% (P .001) and from 3.7% to 12.1% (P .001), respectively. Among patients classified as low risk by the RRM and Mayo Clinic model, the corresponding true-negative to false-negative ratios were 16.8 and 19.5, respectively. Among patients classified as very high risk by the RRM and Mayo Clinic model, the corresponding true-positive to false-positive ratios were 28.5 and 17.0, respectively. Compared with the Mayo Clinic model, the RRM provided higher specificity at the low-risk threshold and higher sensitivity at the very high-risk threshold.The RRM accurately reclassified some patients into low-risk and very high-risk categories, suggesting the potential to improve PN risk assessment.

Published
2022

33. The Impact of Alternative Approaches to Diagnostic Yield Calculation in Studies of Bronchoscopy

Author

Anil Vachani, Balaji Laxmanan, Iftekhar Kalsekar, Septimiu Murgu, and Fabien Maldonado

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Yield (engineering), Bronchoscopy, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, MEDLINE, Medicine, Radiology, Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, business
Published
2022

36. DIAGNOSTIC YIELD OF TECHNOLOGIES FOR BIOPSY OF LUNG LESIONS: USING AN ADVANCED OPTIMIZATION APPROACH TO COMPARE SINGLE-ARM BRONCHOSCOPY TRIALS

Author

VACHANI, ANIL, primary, D MURGU, SEPTIMIU, additional, MALDONADO, FABIEN, additional, LAXMANAN, BALAJI, additional, AMOS, TONY, additional, A KHAN, FAISAL, additional, CUMBO-NACHELI, GUSTAVO, additional, C SEAMAN, JOSEPH, additional, TEWARI, PRANJAL, additional, JOHNSTON, STEPHEN, additional, KALSEKAR, IFTEKHAR, additional, and H JOHNSON, BARBARA, additional

Published
2022
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37. NINTEDANIB CESSATION IN WAITLISTED LUNG TRANSPLANT CANDIDATES IS NOT ASSOCIATED WITH INCREASED WAITLIST MORTALITY OR PERIOPERATIVE COMPLICATIONS

Author

DRENGLER, ASHLEY, primary, M SHAVER, CIARA, additional, GOREE, ALEXIS, additional, M ROBBINS, IVAN, additional, NORFOLK, STEPHANIE, additional, A MCPHERSON, KATIE, additional, TRINDADE, ANIL, additional, B ERASMUS, DAVID, additional, LAMBRIGHT, ERIC, additional, DEMAREST, CAITLIN, additional, and BACCHETTA, MATTHEW, additional

Published
2022
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38. INTERLOBAR FISSURE COMPLETION FOR BRONCHOSCOPIC LUNG VOLUME REDUCTION IN PATIENTS WITH SEVERE EMPHYSEMA AND COLLATERAL VENTILATION

Author

OSPINA-DELGADO, DANIEL, primary, SWENSON, KAI, additional, MAGGE, ANIL, additional, P GANGADHARAN, SIDHU, additional, KENT, MICHAEL, additional, KHEIR, FAYEZ, additional, ZHANG, CHENCHEN, additional, PARIKH, MIHIR, additional, PATON, ALICHIA, additional, TRACHTENBERG, MOLLY, additional, L WILSON, JENNIFER, additional, I WHYTE, RICHARD, additional, and MAJID, ADNAN, additional

Published
2022
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42. LUNG CAVITY: A RARE FINDING IN COVID-19

Author

PHUYAL, ANIL, primary, GOWDA SURESH, MITHIL, additional, KP POKHREL, KAMAL, additional, KHANAL, BIJAY, additional, SHRESTHA, REGINA, additional, GURUNG, SUSANT, additional, and DAVARO, RAUL, additional

Published
2022
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