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Recently, content-centric networking (CCN) has become a hot research topic for the diffusion of contents over the Internet. Most existing works on CCN focus on the improvement of network resource utilization. Consequently, the energy consumption aspect of CCN is largely ignored. In this paper, we propose a distributed energy-efficient in-network caching scheme for CCN, where each content router only needs locally available information to make caching decisions considering both caching energy consumption and transport energy consumption. We formulate the in-network caching problem as a non-cooperative game. Through rigorous mathematical analysis, we prove that pure strategy Nash equilibria exist in the proposed scheme, and it always has a strategy profile that implements the socially optimal configuration, even if the routers are self-interested in nature. Simulation results are presented to show that the distributed solution is competitive to the centralized scheme, and has superior performance compared to other popular caching schemes in CCN. Besides, it exhibits a fast convergence speed when the capacity of content routers varies.

With the tremendous advances in the field of information and communications technology (ICT), and the emergence of new applications, such as 4K/8K, AR/VR, Internet of Things, and Industrial Internet and so on, the traditional Internet has faced severe challenges on scalability, flexibility, controllability, mobility and security and so on. In order to cope with these challenges, numerous promising future Internet architectures and techniques, such as software-defined networking (SDN), information-centric networking (ICN), and network virtualization (NV), have emerged over the last few years and been attracted a lot of attention.