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The RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway disorder induced by the missense mutations in the tyrosine-protein phosphatase non-receptor type 11 (PTPN11) gene which resulted in the non-receptor protein tyrosine phosphatase SHP2 dysfunction has been reported in many lung cancer cases. Moreover, the Src homology region 2 (SH2)-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase 2 (SHP2) mutation or deletion triggers multiple signaling pathway dysfunctions including RAS/MAPK, RAS/extracellular-signal-regulated kinase (ERK), phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT), Janus kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (JAK/STAT) and Hippo/yes-associated protein (YAP) which affect the expression of growth factors, cytokines and hormones. In recent years, the developing of the small molecule SHP2 inhibitors received a lot of attention. In this review, we summarize the recent years’ progresses of the SHP2 inhibitors development for the lung cancer treatment.

With the rapid growth in electronic device performance, there has been an increasing demand for thermally conductive polymer composites to handle the thermal management issue, thus contributing to the great importance to develop the graphene framework, which is evaluated as the most promising reinforcements for enhancing the thermal conductivity of polymer. Vacuum filtration is a common method to fabricate graphene framework, whereas, it is available to prepare a framework with centimeter-scale thickness by filtrating the graphene-water dispersion, due to the fact of sample cracking caused by the mismatch of surface tension between graphene and water. In this work, a surfactant-assisted strategy was proposed by adjusting the surface tension of the water close to that of graphene first, then performing a conventional filtration process, to fabricate graphene framework. As a result, a thick graphene framework (thickness: 3 cm) was successfully prepared, and after embedding into epoxy, the framework endows the composite (13.6 wt%) with a high in-plane thermal conductivities of 12.4 W/mK, which is equivalent to ≈ 64 times higher than that of neat epoxy. Our method is simple and compatible with the conventional filtration process, suggesting great potential for the mass-production of graphene framework to meet the practical application requirements.

A friendly biomimetic process was adopted for the mild preparation of “all-inclusive” organic-inorganic nanospheres, which effectively integrate biorecognition function and signal amplification function. The resulted Ca3(PO4)2-Ab2-BSA nanospheres were employed as signal labels for enhancing detection of nuclear matrix protein 22 (NMP 22). The fabricated electrochemical immunosensor exhibited a linear range (0.08–77.00 U/mL) and an ultralow limit of detection (0.01 U/mL) towards NMP 22, which can be taken as a promising tool for clinical diagnosis of bladder cancer.

Luminescent silica nanocomposites functionalized with a Eu-complex have been prepared and characterized. The europium complex is composed of 2,2′-bipyridyl (BPy) and 2-(4-bromomethyl)phenylpropionic acid (BMPPA), which contains highly active benzyl bromide substituents and can covalently bind with poly(4-vinylpyridine) (P4VP)-modified silica nanoparticles (nanoSiO2P4VP) to form nanoSiO2P4VPEuBPy composites. Microscopic images revealed that the nanoSiO2P4VPEuBPy composites easily formed aggregates, due to an inter-particle binding caused by the benzyl bromide among the composites. The as-prepared nanocomposites showed the typical emissions of Eu(III) ions at the wavelengths from 580 nm to 750 nm designated to the 5D0 → 7Fn transitions. Time-resolved fluorescence decay measurements revealed that the emission lifetime was approximately 0.204 ms and 0.576 ms for the nanoSiO2EuBPy composites, a little shorter than that in the Eu(BMPPA)3BPy complex.

In order to find novel antibacterial agents with superior antibacterial activity and overcoming multidrug resistance, a series of pleuromutilin derivatives with novel C(14) side chain were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activities. The results of antibacterial acticities indicated that most of the derivatives showed potent activities against Gram-positive organisms. In particular, compound 10d exhibited the most potent inhibitory activity compared with pleuromutilin and linezoid, emerged as potential molecule for further investigation.

In order to probe the effect of C-2(S)-substituted groups in the antibacterial activity, a series of novel C-2(S)-substituted pleuromutilin analogues of SB-225586 were synthesized and evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial activity. The results of antibacterial activities indicated that C-2(S)-substituted pleuromutilin derivatives retained appreciable antibacterial activity, and the 2-fluorination compounds 6a and 6b are more potent than the corresponding 2-hydroxylation analogues 7a and 7b .

Two series of novel cholesteryl-containing H-bonded liquid crystals were prepared through facile self-assembly between cholesteryl isonicotinate (proton acceptor) exhibiting a monotropic cholesteric phase, and the 4-alkoxy-benzoic acid or 4-alkoxy cinnamic acid (proton donor). It was found that the increase of the conjugate length as well as the terminal length can contribute to enhance the interaction of molecules and thus significantly influenced the thermal behaviors of H-bonded LCs. The cholesteric reflection spectra of the induced mesogenic complexes were located in the visible region with the color tuneable thermo-sensitivity, which could be used for display application.

In this paper, a series of chiral non-symmetrical liquid crystals (nBA-chol) consisting of a cholesteryl ester moiety as chiral entity and a biphenyl aromatic core with different terminal alkyl chain has been synthesized and investigated for their liquid crystalline properties. Effects of numbers of methylene units in the terminal alkyl chain on the phase transition temperatures and on the temperature-dependent pitch lengths of the chiral liquid crystals have been studied. The long terminal alkyl chain tends to exhibit smectic A mesophases. The pitch lengths of the cholesteric mesophases of the chiral liquid crystals decrease with increasing temperature and with increasing numbers of methylene units in the terminal alkyl chain, respectively.