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Objective The 3D motion capture system was used to measure the upper limb bradykinesia in Parkinson's disease (PD) to make up for the lack of artificial measurement. Methods Ninteen patients with PD (PD group) and 10 healthy subjects (control group) were recruited from June to December 2019 in Tianjin Huanhu Hospital. All the subjects completed the Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating ScaleⅢ (UPDRS⁃Ⅲ) evaluation in the room equipped with 3D motion capture system. The thumb and index finger of the subjects were fixed with reflective markers to collect motion information. In this study, only the action of finger tapping was evaluated digitally, and five parameters were extracted from the evaluation results: 1) average maximum amplitude of finger taps (amp). 2) Average finger tapping interval (intval). 3) Average zero⁃crossing occurrences of acceleration (zc). 4) Average of the forward maximum velocity (v1). 5) Average of the negative maximum velocity (v2). Using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) to evaluate the value of intval, zc and their combination indexes in the diagnosis of upper limb bradykinesia in PD. Results In PD group, UPDRS⁃Ⅲ score was 33.79±13.14, bradykinesia score was 13.61±5.26, upper limb bradykinesia score was 6.61±2.65, finger tapping score was 1.68±0.78. Intval (P=0.001) and zc (P=0.004) in PD group were higher than those in control group, and the difference was statistically significant. The ROC curves of intval and zc for upper limb bradykinesia showed that the AUC of them were 0.858 (95%CI: 0.743-0.973, P=0.000) and 0.799 (95%CI: 0.642-0.955, P=0.008); the sensitivity was 0.737, 0.921, and the specificity was 0.900 and 0.600, respectively. After the combination ofintvaland zc,the AUC was 0.858(95%CI:0.752-0.964, P=0.001),the sensitivity and specificity were 0.711and0.100,respectively. Conclusions The digital evaluation of upper limb bradykinesia in PD can be realized by using 3D motion capture system, which makes up for the deficiency of manual evaluation to a certain extent. The extracted parameters intval and zc have high sensitivity and specificity, which are expected to be used as characteristic indicators for early screening of PD. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2020.08.012

Objective To investigate the effect of vocalization training in improving drooling in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Methods A total of 60 PD patients from August 2018 to July 2019 were randomly divided into control group (N = 30) and observation group (N = 30). The patients in control group received routine rehabilitation therapy and the observation group received routine rehabilitation therapy combined with vocalization training. All patients were treated for 4 weeks. Standardized Swallowing Assessment (SSA) was used to evaluate the swallowing function of 2 groups before and after 4⁃week training. Maximum phonation time (MPT) and maximum phonation decibel were used to evaluate the laryngeal function and vocal cord vibration. Drooling part of Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Ⅱ (UPDRS Ⅱ), Drooling Severity and Frequency Scale (DSFS) were used to evaluate drooling severity (DSFS⁃S) and frequency (DSFS⁃F). All the tests were carried out before and after 4⁃week training. Results After 4⁃week training, SSA score (P = 0.000) was lower than the score before training in both groups. MPT (P = 0.000) and maximum phonation decibel (P = 0.000) were significantly increased, moreover, drooling part of UPDRS Ⅱ score (P = 0.000), DSFS⁃S score (P = 0.000) and DSFS⁃F score (P = 0.000) were significantly decreased after 4⁃week training in both groups. Compared with control group, MPT (P = 0.010) and maximum phonation decibel (P = 0.000) were increased, and SSA score (P = 0.044), drooling part of UPDRS Ⅱ score (P = 0.020), DSFS⁃S score (P = 0.044) and DSFS⁃F score (P = 0.049) were decreased in the observation group. Conclusions Vocalization training could mitigate drooling severity and frequency of the patients with PD by improving the swallowing function. DOI：10.3969/j.issn.1672⁃6731.2019.11.014