AIM To study the chemical constituents from the stem of Caesalpinia decapetala . METHODS The compounds were isolated by column chromatography using silica gel and Sephadex LH-20, and their structures were identified on the basis of spectral analysis. RESULTS Seven compounds were obtained from the ethanol extract and their structures were elucidated as 6′-hydroxy-3, 4-(1′′-hydroxy-epoxy-propane)-2′, 3′-(1′′β-hydroxy-2′′′-carbonyl-cyclobutane)-1, 1′-diphenyl ( 1 ), octacosyl 3, 5-dihydroxycinnamate ( 2 ), 2′, 4, 4′-trihydroxychalocone ( 3 ), bonducellin ( 4 ), 7, 3′, 5′-trihydroxyflavanone ( 5 ), daucosterin ( 6 ), and β-sitosterol ( 7 ). CONCLUSION Compounds 1 and 2 are new compounds and 3 - 6 were obtained from this plant for the first time.