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Researchers have put significant efforts on developing versatile fluorescent polymeric systems due to their promising biological/biomedical labelling, tracking, monitoring, imaging, and diagnostic applications. However, complicated organic/polymeric synthesis or post-modification of these functionalized platforms is still a big obstacle for their further application and thereby provides clear motivation for exploring alternative strategies for the design and fabrication of easily available fluorescent systems. The marriage of supramolecular polymers and fluorescent imaging can provide a facile and dynamic manner instead of tedious and time-consuming synthesis due to the dynamic and reversible nature of noncovalent interactions. Herein, based on water-soluble pillararene/paraquat molecular recognition, we successfully prepare two amphiphilic polypseudorotaxanes which can self-assemble into supramolecular polymersomes in water. These polymersomes can be reversibly destroyed and reformed by tuning the solution pH. Attributed to the aggregation-induced emission of tetraphenylethylene groups, intense fluorescence can be introduced into the obtained supramolecular polymersomes. Furthermore, pH-triggered release of an encapsulated water-insoluble drug (doxorubicin) from the self-assembled fluorescent supramolecular polymersomes is also investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]