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BACKGROUND: Development of tissue engineering is of great social and economic significance. Understanding the basic research strength of China in the main subfields of tissue engineering can provide reference for the optimization of resources allocation and for the formulation of corresponding development strategies. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the basic research strength of China in the main subfields of tissue engineering. METHODS: PubMed was searched for basic research and top basic research articles in the subfields of tissue engineering (including bone and cartilage, nerve, blood vessel, liver, skin, heart, and eye tissue engineering) in the world, the United States and China. By comparing with the global average and American, Chinese basic research strength in the main subfields of tissue engineering was evaluated with indicators including the number of papers, the growth rate of papers, and the number and proportion of top papers. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) The number of basic research papers pubIished by Chinese institutions in the subfields of bone and cartilage tissue engineering, nerve tissue engineering, vessel tissue engineering, liver tissue engineering, skin tissue engineering, cardiac tissue engineering and eye tissue engineering was 4 487, 3 551, 2 869, 1 328, 1 185, 1 088 and 689, respectively, accounting for 10%-15% of worldwide papers in corresponding subfields. The amount of papers published by Chinese institutions was nearly half of that published by institutions of the United States for the first five subfields, but only 32.1% and 37.8% of that published by institutions of the United States for the latter two subfields. (2) The annual growth rate of papers published by Chinese institutions was 19.3%, 19.5%, 18.2%, 14.6%, 21.8%, 19.6% and 19.6%, respectively, for the above seven subfrelds, all of which were obviously higher than that of the global average and the United States. (3) The number of top papers published by Chinese institutions was 36, 31, 33, 24, 15, 24 and 12, and the proportion of top papers published by Chinese institutions was 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.2%, 1.8%, 1.3%, 2.2% and 1.7%, respectively, all of which were obviously lower than that of the global average and the United States. (4) China has published relatively more papers on bone and cartilage tissue engineering, nerve tissue engineering and vessel tissue engineering, and relatively less papers on cardiac tissue engineering and eye tissue engineering. The amount of papers published by Chinese institutions has been growing rapidly in each of the seven main subfields of tissue engineering, with the speed of growing being obviously higher than that of the global average and the United States. China has published a certain amount of top papers in each of the seven subfields, while the proportion of top papers for China is obviously lower than that of the global average and the United States. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: It has been recognized that breast cancer stem cells play an important role in the occurrence, development, metastasis, recurrence and drug resistance of breast cancer, but the action mechanism of breast cancer stem cells in it is still unclear, and the treatment of breast cancer needs further improvement. OBJECTIVE: To explore the research status and development trend in the field of breast cancer stem cells from 2011 to 2020. METHODS: The relevant literature data in the field of breast cancer stem cell research were obtained from the Web of Science database, and the two-dimensional bar diagram of the corresponding data was drawn by Microsoft excel 2019. The co-occurrence analysis function of VOSviewer software was used to draw the co-occurrence analysis chart of keywords and its superposition with time. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 1 013 papers were included in this study. The number of papers, the H index, and the number of citations from the United States were the first in the world. The number of the literature on oncology is the largest. Sun Yat-Sen University is the largest producer of literature. WICHA MS is the author with the largest number of publications. National Natural Science Foundation of China supports the largest number of outputs. The largest number of publications is published in the ONCOTARGET. (2) The combination of chemotherapy and metformin and targeted antiangiogenic therapy are the key research contents in oncology. (3) In gene genetics, sox2, ezh2, and nanog are the key genes. (4) In the treatment of breast cancer stem cells, epithelial-mesenchymal transition is the main research content. (5) In molecular biology, cd24 and cd44 are the key biomarkers. (6) “Nuclear factor-κB” and “stemness” are the closest keywords to the present time. (7) Recombinant human receptor tyrosine kinase HRG/ErbB3 signals related to the nuclear factor-κB pathway, Pterostilbene and disulfiram are the research focus, and the epithelial/mesenchymal heterogeneity, miR34a-NOTCH1 axis and LINC00511/miR-185-3p/E2F1/ Nanog axis related to the stemness of breast cancer stem cells are the key research contents. (8) The United States has the highest link intensity with other countries in co-country analysis. (9) It is concluded that in the field of breast cancer stem cells, the United States is the most powerful country. The research direction in this field is gradually tending to the application of breast cancer stem cells to the treatment of breast cancer. The research of nuclear factor-κB and stemness may be the current research hotspots in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: The treatment of stem cells in intervertebral disc degeneration has always been a research hotspot. It is possible to predict and analyze the research status and development trend of this field to a certain extent, applying bibliometric analysis software to perform co-occurrence and co-citation analysis of numerous literature data in this field. OBJECTIVE: To analyze research status and development trend of stem cells in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration by bibliometric visualization analysis. METHODS: The authors retrieved the literature on stem cells in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration from 1999 to 2020 through the core collection of Web of Science, and used bibliometrics methods to conduct statistical analysis on the literature data, combined with Citespace 5.6.R5 and VOSviewer 1.6.15 software to transform the visualization atlas, analyze the research status and development trend of stem cells in the treatment of intervertebral disc. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: (1) A total of 613 articles were included. The number of publications of stem cells in intervertebral disc treatment research is increasing year by year. Among them, China and the United States rank first and second with 232 and 174 publications respectively. (2) The United States has a total citation frequency (5 522), h index (42), and betweenness centrality (0.75) ranks first, both higher than the second place in China (3 169, 28, 0.16). (3) The top ten cited references introduced the research on the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration with microscopic mesenchymal stem cells from various aspects, and seven of them were related to nucleus pulposus like differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells. Two papers are related to the best cell source and cell carrier generation in the treatment of intervertebral disc regeneration. One is related to the clinical trial study of the treatment of degenerative disc regeneration. (4) The timeline chart of reference co-citation shows that the most references are published in clusters of “Mesenchymal Stem Cells”, “Notochord Cells”, “End Plates”, and “Adipose derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells”. From a year of publication perspective, the clustering “notochord cells”, “notochord”, and “injection” published in the latest year. (5) Clustering keywords “intervertebral disc degeneration”, “migration”, “notochord cells”, “genipin” and “hydrogel” correspond exactly to the above. It was confirmed that the keywords suddenly appeared and found that present research hotspots are: mesenchymal stem cell nucleus pulposus-like differentiation, the best cell source in the treatment of intervertebral disc regeneration and the clinical effectiveness and biosafety of cell carrier construction and intervertebral disc regeneration treatment. (6) There are five new keywords from 2017 to 2019, namely “injection”, “intervertebral disc degeneration”, “inflammation”, “apoptosis”, and “puncture”, mainly focusing on cell apoptosis, inflammatory reaction, intervertebral disc regression, and cell transplantation methodology. (7) The above-mentioned global trend analysis suggests that as the amount of stem cells published in the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration continues to increase, related research is also constantly deepening. The current research focuses on the nucleus pulposus-like differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells, the best cell source and cell carrier integration in the treatment of intervertebral disc regeneration, and the clinical effectiveness and biological safety of integration of intervertebral disc regeneration treatment. In-depth exploration of the mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration and inflammatory response and improvement of cell transplantation methodology are the focus of future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]