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For existing multipactor occurred in dielectric microwave components, more attention is paid to multipactor source and suppression from the aspect of resonance and emitted electron yield, while the study about influence of surface potential on multipactor is rarely reported. Secondary electron emission characteristics were analyzed. Final surface potential and electron impact energy were emphatically studied when electron beam with constant energy sostenuto impacted the dielectric surface with various initial surface potential. Surface potential and electron impact energy were calculated when the system became stable. Calculated data indicates that steady state of the system is remarkably influenced by primary energy and the second critical energy. The influence of surface potential on secondary electron emission was systematically studied when electrons with single and continuous energy impacted the dielectric surface. An--eφ energy shifting of critical energy is revealed when surface potential is φ. For electron beam with continuous incident energy， impact energy range is dramaticlly effected by surface potential of the dielectric, and the risk of multipactor is further influenced. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]