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This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of different nutritional programs associated to enzyme supplementation (carbohydrases and phytase) on performance and carcass characteristics. A total of 2,016 male broiler chicks of Cobb-500 strain were allotted in third-two pens and fed diets based on corn and soybean meal. A completely randomized design with four treatments and eight replicates of 63 birds each was used. The treatments were designed as follows: T1 - nutritional program recommended for Coob-500; T2 -T1 nutritional program with reduction of 4% of metabolizable energy (ME), 3% of crude protein (CP) and 10% of all amino acids; T3 - T1 nutritional program with 200g/T of carbohydrases and 50g/T of phytase; and T4 - T2 nutritional program with 200g/T of carbohydrases and 50g/T of phytase. The results showed no statistical difference in feed conversion ratio and carcass characteristics for all treatments in the period of 1 to 42 days of age. However, feed consumption, slaughter weight and weight gain were affected, the treatments supplemented with enzymes had greater feed consumption than the treatments without enzyme supplementation, besides the highest slaughter weight and weight gain. In conclusion, the use of carbohydrases associated with phytase enzymes was effective to increase the apparent metabolizable energy of diets based on corn and soybean meal. The addition of enzymes to the diet of broilers led to an increase in feed consumption of 5.18%, and improved weight gain in 4.39%.

We evaluated the relationship between levels of methionine and choline on the performance of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) at the production stage, using 432 birds at 65 days of age and weighing 155g, in a completely randomized design in 4x2 (methionine x choline) factorial arrangement with six replicates and nine birds per unit. The levels of choline and methionine were 0, 200, 400 and 600 ppm and 0.65 and 0.75%, respectively. We analyzed the following variables: egg production (% / hen / day), egg weight (g), egg mass (g egg / hen/ day), feed conversion (g / g) and food intake (g / d). We observed a significant interaction for egg production (P ≤ 0.01) and egg mass (P ≤ 0.05) with linear effect for 0.65% methionine and inclusion of increasing levels of choline. There was a quadratic effect of choline levels on feed intake, with 0.65% methionine. The use of choline in diets of quail in production only effects bird performance when 0.65% methionine level is used. Supplementation with choline causes an increase in average egg weight regardless of the level of dietary methionine supplementation.

The objective of this study was to correlate the testicular measurements and weight gain, as well as the possible influence of the feeding level on the morphometry of the testicles of 32 crossbred Holstein/Zebu, in sexual development process, kept in Brachiaria brizantha pasture submitted to two levels of energy supplementation (0.5% and 1.0% of LW, TM and TH) during the second half of the rainy season. In vivo growth of scrotal perimeter and the final measures of the glandular portion of the testicles accordingto the perimeter, length, width, volume, weight and shape were evaluated. The correlation coefficients between the testicular measures and weight gain were moderately positive, ranging between 0.12 and 0.32. The frequency analysis showed that long testicles of long prevailed in both treatments, with respectively 65% and 54% for TM and TH. There was a significant effect (p 0.05) of the feeding level on the testicles glandular measures. It was concluded that these characteristics are determined by the stage of sexual development and not by the feeding level and the testicular measures should not be used alone as a criterion for assessing the performance of crossbreed young bulls.

O experimento foi conduzido para avaliar programas nutricionais associados à suplementação de enzimas (carboidrases e fitase) em rações de frangos de corte sobre o desempenho e características de carcaça. Foram utilizados 2016 pintos de corte machos de um dia da linhagem Cobb-500, distribuídos em 32 boxes e alimentados com rações à base de milho e farelo de soja. Utilizou-se delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, com quatro tratamentos e oito repetições com 63 aves por parcela. Os tratamentos utilizados foram: T1 - programa nutricional Cobb; T2 - redução de 4% na energia metabolizável aparente (EMA); de 3% proteína bruta (PB) e de 10% nas recomendações dos aminoácidos do T1; T3 - dieta reformulada isonutriente a T1 com 200 g/t carboidrases + 50 g/t fitase; T4 - dieta reformulada isonutriente a T2 com 200 g/t + 50 g/t fitase. Não foi observada diferença sobre a conversão alimentar e características de carcaça na fase integral (1-42dias) de criação para os diferentes tratamentos. Contudo, o consumo de ração, peso médio ao abate e o ganho de peso foram afetados significativamente, sendo que os tratamentos suplementados com enzimas apresentaram maior consumo de ração do que os tratamentos sem a suplementação enzimática, maior peso médio ao abate e maior ganho de peso. Conclui-se que o uso das carboidrases associadas à inclusão de fitase foi efetivo para elevar a energia metabolizável aparente das rações à base de milho e farelo de soja. A adição das enzimas na dieta das aves permitiu um aumento no consumo de ração de 5,18% e melhoria no ganho de peso de 4,39%. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: aves; carboidrases; desempenho; fitase; rendimento.

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