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O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar o Índice de Área Foliar (IAF) por métodos indiretos em plantios clonais de eucalipto em dois distintos sítios físico-climáticos, durante as estações seca e chuvosa. O estudo foi feito em quatro talhões, dois jovens e dois adultos, localizado na bacia do Rio Doce, leste de Minas Gerais, situados em áreas de baixas e altas altitudes. Nove parcelas foram alocadas em cada talhão. Dados experimentais foram coletados em períodos secos e chuvosos. As medidas indiretas do IAF foram feitas usando o LAI-2000 e câmeras com lentes hemisféricas. Para verificar a precisão da estimativa foi realizada a análise destrutiva. As medias do LAI-2000 foram aquelas que melhores correlacionaram com os dados de IAF observados (R=0,9), embora as fotos hemisféricas apresentem bom potencial de uso. Foi verificado que os valores de IAF dos talhões de maiores altitudes foram maiores comparados às regiões baixas, o que também foi observado pelos métodos indiretos. A análise destrutiva indica baixos valores de IAF medidos na época seca, embora esta variação seja significativamente somente nos talhões das regiões mais altas. Este comportamento é também observado nas estimativas do LAI-2000, diferente das fotografias hemisféricas que não identificaram a sazonalidade do LAI.

http://dx.doi.org/10.5902/1980509813329Eucalyptus plots with initial development ages presented discontinuity in soil cover, resulting in greaterexposure of the leaves to wind and solar radiation, which alters soil-plant-atmosphere interactions. Theobjective of this study was to study the components of the water and energy balances along the first yearof eucalyptus development in the Brazilian coastal plain region. The experimental site is located in anarea belonging to the company Fibria in the municipality of Aracruz, Espírito Santo state, Brazil. Thespace between the planted eucalyptus trees in the area studied was 3 x 3 m and the data of planting wason August 15th , 2004. The period of study lasted from the planting date until the plot reached an ageof 19 months. It was verified that there was a greater availability of energy during the summer and theprecipitation directly influenced the energy balance where during the period of study the energy available necessary for evapotranspiration was always greater than the fraction necessary for heating the soil-plantatmospheresystem, presenting a λE/Rn ratio of 59.57%. It was also observed that the water balance with themodeled evapotranspiration showed a good correspondence with the observed moisture content, presentinga determination coefficient of 0,94. In the majority of trees, greater indices of leaf and root system areasfavored evapotranspiration, indicating that most energy available was utilized for changing the phase ofwater

The objective of this study was to estimate the Leaf Area Index (LAI) by indirect methods in plantations of Eucalyptus clones in two distinct physical-climatic sites, during the dry and rainy periods. The study was performed in four young and adult Eucalyptus stands, located in Rio Doce basin, eastern Minas Gerais state (Brazil) situated in areas of lower and higher altitudes. Nine plots were allocated in each stand. Experimental data were collected in months representing the driest and the wettest periods. LAI indirect measurements were performed using the LAI-2000 equipment and cameras with hemispherical lens. To verify the accuracy of estimation, a destructive analysis was also performed. The LAI measurements by the LAI-2000 was the one which best correlated with the observed LAI (R =0.90), although the hemispherical photos had presented good potential use. It is verified that the LAI of stands in the higher altitudes region, surpassed those of lower altitudes, which was also observed by the indirect methods. The destructive analysis indicates lower values of LAI measured in the dry season although this variation is only significant for higher altitudes. This behavior is also observed for estimates with the LAI-2000, different from the hemispherical photographs which did not identify seasonality of LAI.

Eucalyptus plots with initial development ages presented discontinuity in soil cover, resulting in greater exposure of the leaves to wind and solar radiation, which alters soil-plant-atmosphere interactions. The objective of this study was to study the components of the water and energy balances along the first year of eucalyptus development in the Brazilian coastal plain region. The experimental site is located in an area belonging to the company Fibria in the municipality of Aracruz, Espírito Santo state, Brazil. The space between the planted eucalyptus trees in the area studied was 3 x 3 m and the data of planting was on August 15 th , 2004. The period of study lasted from the planting date until the plot reached an age of 19 months. It was verified that there was a greater availability of energy during the summer and the precipitation directly influenced the energy balance where during the period of study the energy available necessary for evapotranspiration was always greater than the fraction necessary for heating the soil-plant- atmosphere system, presenting a λ E /R n ratio of 59.57%. It was also observed that the water balance with the modeled evapotranspiration showed a good correspondence with the observed moisture content, presenting a determination coefficient of 0,94. In the majority of trees, greater indices of leaf and root system areas favored evapotranspiration, indicating that most energy available was utilized for changing the phase of water.

Scenarios of climatic change linked to growth models based on ecophysiological processes may be useful to identify risks of serious consequence on the yield of planted forests, presenting the possibility to lessen the gravity of climatic change impacts and also to assess means of adaptation. The main objective of this paper is to analyze climatic change impacts on eucalyptus yield in Northern of Espirito Santo and Southern Bahia. The climate input data used in the 3-PG growth model were from two scenarios of climatic change (A2 and B2) from global model CCSR/NIES, for three periods of time: 2011 -2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2100. It was found that future climatic changes are most likely to decrease the eucalyptus yield, reaching a 40% reduction in scenario A2 for the 2071-2100 period and 24% for scenario B2. In spite of global models converging on the possible incremental temperatures, there is still skepticism about the change in precipitation, as well as the change in the frequency of climatic extremes, making it impossible to predict the true magnitude of eucalyptus yield losses.

Scenarios of climatic change linked to growth models based on ecophysiological processes may be useful to identify risks of serious consequence on the yield of planted forests, presenting the possibility to lessen the gravity of climatic change impacts and also to assess means of adaptation. The main objective of this paper is to analyze climatic change impacts on eucalyptus yield in Northern of Espirito Santo and Southern Bahia. The climate input data used in the 3-PG growth model were from two scenarios of climatic change (A2 and B2) from global model CCSR/NIES, for three periods of time: 2011 -2040, 2041-2070 and 2071-2100. It was found that future climatic changes are most likely to decrease the eucalyptus yield, reaching a 40% reduction in scenario A2 for the 2071-2100 period and 24% for scenario B2. In spite of global models converging on the possible incremental temperatures, there is still skepticism about the change in precipitation, as well as the change in the frequency of climatic extremes, making it impossible to predict the true magnitude of eucalyptus yield losses.