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The major histocompatibility complex (MHC) in chickens (Gallus gallus) is located on the 16th micro chromosome, of the avian genome. As in other species, it has a strong association with genetic resistance to diseases. This multigenic feature is particularly desired for the selection of this species, in particular because of its relationship with animal welfare. This paper aims to review the knowledge on the analysis of the variability of MHC-B in chickens and its analysis methodologies, and a synthesis of the work done on Campero INTA chickens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When we talk about cor pulmonale or pulmonary heart disease we refer to a heart that has been disrupted its structure and, therefore, its function as a result of chronic pulmonary disease. Many pulmonary abnormalities can cause this disorder at heart level but all of that are characterized by increased vascular resistance or high blood pressure in the lungs. This condition causes right - sided heart failure. So, pulmonary heart disease or cor pulmonale is the enlargement (hypertrophy and sometimes dilation) and failure of the right ventricle as a response to pulmonary hypertension. This paper describes this disease in a mixed breed eleven-year-old canine, which arrived in consultation with decay, anorexy and dyspnea. A complete clinical examination, and then two-dimensional and M-mode echocardiography, doppler echocardiography, chest x-ray and electrocardiography were carried out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper revises the Osterix protein and its role in the skeletongenesis, the endochondral ossification and in various pathological processes of the osteoarticular systems in animals. Osterix is a transcription factor of the family of bone morphogenic proteins, which prompts bone formation. In the skeletogenesis Osterix allows the differentiation of the preosteoblasts into osteoblasts and the maturity and differentiation of osteoblasts into osteocytes. In the endochondral ossification, Osterix expresses in the mature and hypermature chondrocytes and contributes to degrade the cartilage matrix. In the extrauterine life, it collaborates in the regulation of the bone homeostasis and it is involved in osteoarticular pathologies, in bone oncology and in the repair of fractures. Learning about the action of Osterix on the bone cells and chondrocytes is an attractive starting point for further research aiming at contributing to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the osteoarticular system in animals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present paper the possible association between body temperature, glycemia and lacticaemia with the surgical act of sterilization of male and female canines is studied. These variables were chosen since they are known to be modified in the face of stressful events. It is expect d to observed changes in metabolic substrates used by the patient during surgery. The variables of interest were studied in three times (pre and intra-surgical) in male and female canines. Significant decreases in lactate and rectal temperature and a significant increase in blood glucose were detected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The wall structures of Mycobacteria are usually associated with the ability to form biofilm and motility by sliding. This study was performed with three strain of Environmental Mycobacteria (MA): Mycobacterium smegmatis, Mycobacterium gordonae and Mycobacterium porcinum. The goals of this paper were: a) to establish by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry (MS) whether there are differences in the lipid carbon chain composition in the cell wall when they are in planktonic growth or forming biofilm; b) to evaluate the relation between lipid carbon chain composition and their sliding and biofilm formation ability. M. porcinum and M. smegmatis formed biofilms of different sizes and presented motility. M. gordonae developed poor biofilm and did not move. MALDI-TOF spectra obtained from EM in a planktonic state differ from EM biofilm–grown ones in their cell–wall lipidic carbon chain composition. EM biofilm–grown spectra show a greater diversity. All biofilm–grown EM spectra present short chain mycolic acids. These results suggest the importance of these mycolic acids in the formation of biofilm, especially in its maturation. M. gordonae presented also a higher proportion of long-chain fatty acid, compared to M. smegmatis and M. porcinum. The presence of long hydrophobic chains could possibly generate a greater friction, thus reducing its motility. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]