1. Prospective, Randomized, Infancy-Onset Trial of the Effects of a Low-Saturated-Fat, Low-Cholesterol Diet on Serum Lipids and Lipoproteins Before School Age
- Author
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Leena Rask-Nissilä, Tapani Rönnemaa, Olli Simell, Ritva Seppänen, Jorma Viikari, Juhani Tuominen, Harri Niinikoski, Anne Tammi, and Eero Jokinen
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Arteriosclerosis ,Diet therapy ,Lipoproteins ,Saturated fat ,Blood lipids ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Sex Factors ,Risk Factors ,Physiology (medical) ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Age of Onset ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Triglyceride ,Cholesterol ,business.industry ,Infant ,Endocrinology ,chemistry ,Child, Preschool ,Saturated fatty acid ,Diet, Atherogenic ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Lipoprotein ,Polyunsaturated fatty acid - Abstract
Background —We showed previously that repeated dietary counseling during the first 3 years of life reduces the concentration of serum nonfasting cholesterol. We have now extended the study to children 5 years of age and analyzed fasting blood samples, enabling LDL cholesterol calculations for the first time. Methods and Results —Families of 7-month-old infants (n=1062) were randomized to a control group (n=522) or an intervention group (n=540) that received individualized dietary counseling with the aims of a fat intake of 30% to 35% of daily energy, a saturated/monounsaturated/polyunsaturated fatty acid ratio of 1:1:1, and a cholesterol intake of P P =0.052). Five-year-old intervention boys had 9% lower mean serum LDL cholesterol concentrations than the control boys ( P =0.0002; 95% CI, −0.39 to −0.12 mmol/L), whereas no difference was observed in girls. In both sexes, serum triglyceride concentrations were similar in the 2 groups. Conclusions —The restriction of saturated fat and cholesterol intake by repeated, individualized dietary counseling since infancy resulted in lower serum total and LDL cholesterol concentrations at 5 years of age. However, the effect was significant only in boys.
- Published
- 2000