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Prolonged exposure to antigens may result in high IgG4 antibody titres as was shown in a previous paper (Aalberse et al., 1983b). In novice bee keepers, a shift in the IgGI/IgG4 ratio of the response against phospholipase-A (PLA; a major component of bee venom) occurred. This resulted in an IgG4-dominated response after approximately 2 years of bee-keeping experience. Subject of the present study was the influence of relatively high concentrations of IgG4 antibodies on the biological activity of immune complexes. In the PLA antigen model, it was demonstrated (a) that IgG4-containing immune complexes do not activate complement and (b) that lgG4 antibodies effectively inhibit immune precipitation and complement activation by IgG1 antibodies. Evidence is provided that lgG4 antibodies inhibit binding of Clq to IgG1 in mixed, IgG1- and lgG4-containing complexes. It is proposed that IgG4 antibodies protect against the biological effects of the complement-fixing IgG subclasses. For this reason, determination of the total IgG response or just determination of antibody activity in the complement-fixing isotypes is insufficient in immune-complex diseases. The modulating effect of the non-complement-fixing isotypes should be taken into account to predict the biological activity of the immune complexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two liver-specific antigens are known: a water soluble protein (LP-2) and a water insoluble macromolecular low density lipoprotein (LP-1). In this paper the relative role of the two antigens in the development of experimental immune hepatitis has been investigated. Immunization of rabbits with a human preparation containing both antigens, led in all animals to lesions characteristic of an immune hepatitis. Immunization of the animals with a purified water soluble liver protein proved less efficient: only two out of six animals developed characteristic lesions which were less severe than those in the first group. It was deduced that although not a prerequisite, the liver-specific lipoprotein plays an important supportive role in the development of immune hepatitis, [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents information on research papers related to immunology. In the paper "Modulatory Effects of Oestrogen on Immunological Responsiveness. Suppression of Tumour-Associated Immunity in Patients With Prostatic Cancer," the authors wish to point out that retrospective evaluation of the patients in this study has disclosed an effect of hormonal therapy, i.e. orchiectomy and or oestrogen on tumour-associated immunity independent of the effect of in vitro preincubation of patients' leucocytes with DES-P. While in "Migration of Sensitized Mouse Spleen Cells by Cell-Associated Transplantation Antigens: Effect of Method of Antigen Presentation," the authors wish to point out that they have been unable to repeat the MIF assay technique.