1. Changes in subtypes of overt thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism following iodine fortification.
- Author
-
Petersen M, Bülow Pedersen I, Knudsen N, Andersen S, Jørgensen T, Perrild H, Ovesen L, Banke Rasmussen L, Thuesen BH, and Carlé A
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Middle Aged, Reactive Oxygen Species metabolism, Sodium Chloride, Dietary therapeutic use, Thyroid Function Tests, Hypothyroidism diet therapy, Hypothyroidism pathology, Iodine therapeutic use, Thyrotoxicosis diet therapy, Thyrotoxicosis pathology
- Abstract
Objective: To investigate the impact of mandatory iodine fortification (IF) on the incidence of nosological subtypes of overt thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism., Design: We identified and scrutinized all possible new cases of overt thyrotoxicosis and hypothyroidism in an open cohort in Northern Jutland (n = 309 434; 1 January 1997) during the years 2014-2016. Individual medical history was evaluated to verify and detail the incidence of overt thyroid dysfunction and for classification into nosological subtypes. A number of cases were excluded during final verification due to spontaneous normalization of thyroid function, as they had no medical history suggesting a known condition, which could transiently affect thyroid function (subacute/silent thyroiditis, PPTD and iatrogenic thyroid dysfunction). An identical survey was conducted in 1997-2000 prior to mandatory IF of salt (13 µg/g) that was in effect from year 2001., Results: The standardized incidence rate (SIR) of verified overt thyrotoxicosis decreased markedly from 97.5/100 000/year in 1997-2000 to 48.8 in 2014-2016 (SIRR: 0.50 [95% CI: 0.45-0.56]). This was due to a distinct decrease in the SIR of multinodular toxic goitre (SIRR: 0.18 [0.15-0.23]), solitary toxic adenoma (SIRR: 0.26 [0.16-0.43]) and to a lesser degree Graves' disease (SIRR: 0.67 [0.56-0.79]). SIR for overt hypothyroidism was unaltered by 2014-2016 (SIRR: 1.03 [0.87-1.22]). However, age distribution shifted with more young and fewer elderly cases of verified overt hypothyroidism., Conclusion: Mandatory IF caused a substantial reduction in SIR of verified overt thyrotoxicosis (especially of nodular origin) while avoiding an increase in SIR of verified overt hypothyroidism., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.) more...
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF