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Background and Purpose: We aimed to investigate the association between cerebral arteriosclerosis stenosis (CAS) and the short-term prognosis of non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) related cardioembolic stroke treated by reperfusion therapy., Methods: The data of 195 consecutive NVAF related cardioembolic stroke patients were retrospectively collected. We defined poor functional outcome as a modified Rankin scale (mRS) score of > 2 at 90 days., Results: Patients with CAS were more likely to be older (75.5 ± 6.8 vs. 72.5 ± 9.2 years, p = 0.001), more current smokers (35.6% vs. 24.1%, p = 0.018), with hypertension (88.1% vs. 65.6%, p < 0.001), diabetes mellitus (50.0% vs. 20.0%, p = 0.020), dyslipidemia (33.9% vs. 23.6%, p = 0.029), previous history of stroke (30.5% vs. 19.5%, p = 0.012), and congestive heart failure (32.2% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.041). Patients with CAS had higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) (18 [13, 22] vs. 15 [9, 19], p < 0.001), and 90-day mRS scores (5 [3, 6] vs. 3[2, 5], p < 0.001). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that CAS (odds ratio [OR] 3.184, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.314-7.713, p = 0.01), NIHSS score on admission (OR 1.228 [per 1 point], 95% CI 1.146-1.316, p < 0.001), congestive heart failure (OR 2.850, 95% CI 1.108-7.331, p = 0.030), and current smokers (OR 2.841, 95% CI 1.102-7.326, p = 0.031) were independent predictors of a poor functional outcome at 90 days., Conclusion: We should give the coexistence of CAS and NVAF related cardioembolic stroke proper attention. CAS was an independent factor for predicting the short-term prognosis of NVAF associated cardioembolic stroke patients treated by reperfusion therapy., (Copyright © 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objective: Hemorrhagic transformation (HT) is a common complication of ischemic stroke after intravenous thrombolytic therapy (IVT), especially in cardioembolism (CE) and large artery atherosclerosis stroke (LAA) patients. Whether there are different risk factors for HT in LAA and CE patients remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the differences in risk factors for HT in patients with LAA and CE after IVT., Patients and Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on LAA and CE patients who were treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator at our hospital from 2015 to 2019. Demographic and clinical information was collected, and HT was evaluated within 72 h after stroke onset. Lipids levels, albumin, uric acid (UA), platelet volume indices, as well as potential predictors of HT were analyzed between patients with and without HT (non-HT group)., Results: A total of 247 patients (168 LAA and 79 CE) were included in the study, out of which 62 (25.1 %) had HT. HT was more prevalent in the CE subgroup (30.3 %) than in the LAA subgroup (22.6 %). Compared with non-HT, patients with HT showed a higher rate of the previous stroke, baseline NIHSS scores, and mean platelet volume (MPV), lower levels of platelet count (PC), triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), albumin, and UA (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that lower LDL (OR = 0.547, 95 % CI 0.321-0.932, P = 0.027), and higher blood glucose (OR = 1.137, 95 % CI 1.015-1.247, P = 0.026) were independent risk factors for HT in LAA patients, while lower albumin (OR = 0.989, 95 % CI 0.977-1.000, P = 0.048), and lower PC(OR = 0.868, 95 % CI 0.754-0.989, P = 0.047) were independent risk factors for HT in CE patients., Conclusion: Patients with different etiologies may have different risk factors of HT following IVT. Lower LDL-C and higher blood glucose are independent risk factors of LAA, while lower albumin and PC are independent risk factors of CE., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)