Search

Objective: In contrast to the wealth of studies on quality of life (QoL) in patients with Parkinson's disease, the number of reports on QoL in caregivers, especially partners as primary caregivers, is fairly limited. In this report we wanted to investigate if patients and caregiving partners are able to reliably estimate each other's present and former QoL., Methods: We used a visual analogue scale in order to obtain the patients' and their partners' scores of present and former QoL. Moreover we studied correlations of these mutual estimates with demographic variables and measures of patient dependency., Results: As expected both patients and partners considered their QoL as decreased when compared to former QoL. Interestingly both patients and partners were able to reliably estimate each other's QoL. Patients judged their own former QoL and that of their partner as lower as did their partners. All QoL measures were significantly correlated to measures of mental state and patient dependency. There was a negative correlation with increasing age but not with disease duration., Conclusion: These results indicate the validity of using proxy information by a caregiving partner in estimations of QoL., (Copyright © 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

"Pusher syndrome" is classically described as a disorder of body orientation in the coronal plane. Although it mainly occurs in stroke patients, non-stroke causes have been described. Pusher behaviour is characterized by a tilt towards the contralesional paretic side and a resistance to external attempts to rectify. It may occur with or without hemispatial neglect, which in itself may be the cause of a usually ipsilesional shift of attention and body orientation in the axial plane. In this report we describe two patients with a marked disturbance of body orientation in the sagittal plane with imbalance, posterior tilt and an active resistance to forward pulling or pushing. By analogy we propose the term "posterior pusher" syndrome for the clinical picture., (Copyright 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Objectives: Hypokinetic dysarthria is commonly encountered in Parkinson's disease (PD). Although the etiology of this dysarthria is multifactorial, disorders of respiration may strongly contribute to it. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of levodopa on measures of respiration and intelligibility., Patients and Methods: Vital capacity (VC), sustained vowel phonation (SVP) and phonation quotient (PQ) were determined with and without medication in 25 patients suffering from idiopathic PD. Intelligibility was evaluated by three independent speech pathologists using the word subtest protocol of the Yorkston and Beukelman "Assessment of intelligibility of dysarthric speech" (AIDS)., Results: VC was abnormal in 18/25 patients in the off-condition and 15/25 in the on-condition. SVP was normal in 22/25 patients in the off-state and in all patients in the on-state. PQ was normal in all patients in the off- and on-condition. All three respiratory parameters, as well as intelligibility, improved significantly following administration of levodopa. There were significant differences between men and women for VC and PQ, with men having the highest values for both parameters in both conditions. In none of the two conditions a correlation between respiratory parameters and intelligibility could be demonstrated., Conclusion: This study suggests that thoracic mobility is decreased in PD, and that pharmacological treatment results in improvement, but not in normalization. Moreover, it remains unclear to what extent dyskinesias negatively influence respiratory control. Our results also demonstrate improvement of intelligibility after pharmacological treatment of PD. However, this improvement is not solely the consequence of respiratory changes. Further research on the effects of different characteristics on intelligibility is necessary.

Background: Borderzone as well as territorial infarcts can occur in severe atherosclerotic carotid artery disease. It remains controversial whether the borderzone distribution of infarcts is due to hypoperfusion or due to artery-to-artery embolism., Purpose: The present study investigates whether cobalt-55 (55Co) positron emission tomography (PET) shows a different pattern of ischaemia according to the topography of the infarct in severe atherosclerotic carotid artery disease., Patients and Methods: Five patients with a cortical borderzone and seven with a territorial infarct, due to symptomatic carotid artery disease, were investigated with 55Co PET 3-6 months after stroke. Average 55Co counts in the infarct area, the adjacent cortical zone, the deep white matter and, contralateral cerebral cortex and white matter, were compared to the values in the cerebellum used as reference., Results: No differences in 55Co ratio were observed in the different regions of interest (ROIs) between patients with cortical borderzone and those with territorial infarcts. The 55Co uptake was similar or lower than the reference value for all ROIs in all individual patients., Conclusion: In patients with borderzone as well as with territorial infarcts no evidence was found for subclinical ischaemic injury in or around the infarcts. These data do support the conclusion that cortical borderzone infarcts may not be due to ongoing chronic haemodynamic impairment, but by no means is this conclusive evidence.