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Weiwei Zhang,1,* Huan Hu,2,* Haixia Cheng,3,* Qinghuai Liu,1 Dongqing Yuan1 1Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital with Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Xishui People’s Hospital Affiliated to Hubei University of Science and Technology, Huanggang, Hubei Province, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Ophthalmology, Children’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Dongqing YuanDepartment of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People’s Republic of ChinaTel/Fax +86-25-68303160Email wuyuleng@126.comPurpose: To evaluate the changes in vessel density in patients with unilateral congenital cataract after cataract extraction.Materials and Methods: Children with unilateral congenital cataract were enrolled in our study. All of the patients underwent congenital cataract extraction and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation successfully. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) was performed to image the retinal vasculature in the macular and optic disc areas before and after surgery. The differences in vessel density and retinal thickness between groups were compared.Results: We found that the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was significantly improved one month after surgery compared with that before surgery (t=5.179, p< 0.001). The axial length was also changed one month after surgery (t=5.350, p< 0.001). The vessel density in the macular and optic disc areas of the affected eyes was significantly lower than that in the normal eyes, while the vessel density at the posterior pole was significantly improved one month after cataract extraction.Conclusion: The decrease in vessel density in the macular and optic disc areas might be a consequence of the congenital cataract. Cataract extraction can relieve the form deprivation of the affected eye and increase the vessel density at the posterior pole of the affected eye significantly.Keywords: unilateral congenital cataract, OCTA, cataract extraction, vessel density, form deprivation

Dongqing Yuan, Weiwei Zhang, Songtao Yuan, Ping Xie, Qinghuai Liu Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qinghuai LiuDepartment of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, 300 Guangzhou Road, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province 210029, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail liuqh@njmu.edu.cnPurpose: To evaluate the vision-related quality of life of vitrectomy combined with autologous internal limiting membrane (ILM) transplantation for refractory macular holes (MHs).Methods: There were 40 eyes with refractory MHs included, and all eyes received 23 G vitrectomy and ILM peeling with autologous ILM transplantation. Preoperative and postoperative basic conditions were recorded. The Chinese version of the vision-related quality-of-life scale was used to evaluate patients after operation. Quality of life, postoperative visual acuity, and size of MHs before operation were assessed with Spearman rank correlations.Results: All patients were followed up for 3 months after surgery. Mean postoperative best-corrected visual acuity had significantly improved after surgery. Vision-related quality of life of patients after surgery was closely related to the MH index, but negatively correlated with best-corrected visual acuity before and after surgery.Conclusion: The anatomical structure of refractory MHs with ILM peeling combined with autologous ILM transplantation was largely reduced, and the visual acuity of patients improved significantly.Keywords: refractory macular hole, internal limiting membrane transplantation, vision-related quality of life