1. Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of 3 g of Ceftolozane/Tazobactam in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Placebo-Controlled, Multiple-Dose Study
- Author
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Alan Xiao, Jennifer A. Huntington, Adedayo Adedoyin, Luzelena Caro, Elizabeth G. Rhee, Ellie Hershberger, and Brian Yu
- Subjects
0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Tazobactam ,030106 microbiology ,Pharmaceutical Science ,Placebo ,Multiple dose ,030226 pharmacology & pharmacy ,Drug Administration Schedule ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pharmacokinetics ,Double-Blind Method ,Medicine ,Humans ,Pharmacology (medical) ,Drug Dosage Calculations ,Adverse effect ,Volume of distribution ,business.industry ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Cephalosporins ,Tolerability ,Anesthesia ,Area Under Curve ,Ceftolozane ,Female ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Ceftolozane/tazobactam is an antibacterial approved at 1.5 g (1g/0.5 g) every 8 hours (q8h); higher doses may provide additional benefits in difficult-to-treat infections. We conducted a phase I trial in healthy adults evaluating safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of 3 g (2 g/1 g) ceftolozane/tazobactam administered q8h for 10 days. Sixteen participants were randomized (2:1:1) to 3 g ceftolozane/tazobactam, 1.5 g ceftolozane/tazobactam, or placebo. Participants underwent regular safety and plasma drug level assessments, with a follow-up safety visit 7 days after completion. No adverse events (AEs) were reported with placebo; 75% of participants in the 1.5-g and 50% in the 3-g arm experienced AEs. AE types were similar between the ceftolozane/tazobactam groups; all AEs were mild. No participants experienced clinically meaningful laboratory assessment or electrocardiogram abnormalities. Both ceftolozane and tazobactam exhibited dose-proportional pharmacokinetics without accumulation and without substantial differences in clearance and volume of distribution between groups. In the 3-g group, mean ceftolozane parameters were: peak concentration 104 μg/mL (day 1), 112 μg/mL (day 10); half-life 3 hours (day 10); area under the concentration-time curve (AUC(0-t) ) 272 μg·h/mL (day 1), 300μg·h/mL (day 10). Mean tazobactam parameters were: peak concentration 28 μg/mL (day 1), 26 μg/mL (day 10); half-life 1 hour (day 10); AUC(0-t) 47μg·h/mL (day 1), 41μg·h/mL (day 10). Administration of 3 g ceftolozane/tazobactam q8h for 10 days was safe and well tolerated in healthy volunteers.
- Published
- 2017