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Modularity of machine tool, an engineering technology that deals with cost-effective and quick reaction to all the market changes, is urgently needed in the modern manufacturing companies. However, a general accuracy analytical method of modular machine tool is seldom concerned. The basic module error of the machine tool is synthesized by the theory of computer aided multi-body system, a universal accuracy model for modular machine tools has been established. The developed mathematical model is used to calculate and predict the resultant position error at the tool–workpiece interface for error compensation. Results show the method based on the computer aided multi-body system only depends on the motion of module and fits for rapid modeling of computer technology, and error factors such as thermal expansion and deforming under loads can be involved in the analysis processing except the geometric error. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]