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Aims: The extent of perihematomal edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) significantly impacts patient prognosis, and disruption of the blood–brain barrier (BBB) exacerbates perihematomal edema. However, the role of peripheral IL‐10 in mitigating BBB disruption through pathways that link peripheral and central nervous system signals remains poorly understood. Methods: Recombinant IL‐10 was administered to ICH model mice via caudal vein injection, an IL‐10‐inhibiting adeno‐associated virus and an IL‐10 receptor knockout plasmid were delivered intraventricularly, and neurobehavioral deficits, perihematomal edema, BBB disruption, and the expression of JAK1 and STAT3 were evaluated. Results: Our study demonstrated that the peripheral cytokine IL‐10 mitigated BBB breakdown, perihematomal edema, and neurobehavioral deficits after ICH and that IL‐10 deficiency reversed these effects, likely through the IL‐10R/JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Conclusions: Peripheral IL‐10 has the potential to reduce BBB damage and perihematomal edema following ICH and improve patient prognosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Understanding the neural mechanisms underlying stroke recovery is critical to determine effective interventions for stroke rehabilitation. This study aims to systematically explore how recovery mechanisms post‐stroke differ between individuals with different levels of functional integrity of the ipsilesional corticomotor pathway and motor function. Methods: Eighty‐one stroke survivors and 15 age‐matched healthy adults participated in this study. We used transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), electroencephalography (EEG), and concurrent TMS‐EEG to investigate longitudinal neurophysiological changes post‐stroke, and their relationship with behavioral changes. Subgroup analysis was performed based on the presence of paretic motor evoked potentials and motor function. Results: Functional connectivity was increased dramatically in low‐functioning individuals without elicitable motor evoked potentials (MEPs), which showed a positive effect on motor recovery. Functional connectivity was increased gradually in higher‐functioning individuals without elicitable MEP during stroke recovery and influence from the contralesional hemisphere played a key role in motor recovery. In individuals with elicitable MEPs, negative correlations between interhemispheric functional connectivity and motor function suggest that the influence from the contralesional hemisphere may be detrimental to motor recovery. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate prominent clinical implications for individualized stroke rehabilitation based on both functional integrity of the ipsilesional corticomotor pathway and motor function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]