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The mechanization of field activities has been the response of coffee producers to the labor shortage, especially for fruit harvesting. The use of mechanical harvesters allows greater harvesting efficiency and ensures the economic viability of coffee plantations, which currently depend mainly on the reduction in production costs. The principle used for mechanized coffee harvesting is based on the principle of mechanical vibration. The objective of this studywas to analyze the dynamic behavior of the coffee fruit-peduncle-branch system under mechanical vibration and the impact of the vibrating rods on the fruit detachment process in association with this behavior. Fragments of coffee branches containing fruits in the unripe and ripe stages were used in this experiment. These samples were subjected to different frequencies (20, 30, 40, and 50 Hz) and amplitudes (0.002, 0.003, and 0.004 m). Another variableanalyzed was the form of vibration transmission to the fruits, with the vibrations being transmitted to the samples with or without the impact of the fiberglass rods. The fruit detachment efficiency increased as the ripening stage progressed from unripe to ripe. A higher detachment efficiency occurred with the increase in vibration frequency and amplitude because of the higher vibrational energy imposed on the fruit. The detachment efficiency was low when the vibration was transmitted without the impact of the rods. Conversely, the vibration in combination with impact achieved a mean detachment efficiency of approximately 90%.Key words: Coffee crop; dynamic behavior; harvester machine; mechanical harvesting.

Knowledge of the physical and mechanical properties of coffee plants is essential to the development of mechanisms that perform the harvesting of their fruits by the principle of mechanical vibrations; however, these properties have yet to be determined in the laboratory. In this context, the present study aimed to determine the mechanical and physical properties of coffee plants through tensile and compression tests by means of a universal testing machine.Elasticity modulus, Poisson’s ratio, and specific mass were determined for specimens developed from the trunks and branches of 20 samples whole coffee plants, Coffea arabica variety, Catuai Vermelho cultivar. The elasticity modulus was determined by the slope of the secant line in the elastic region of the stress-strain curve. Poisson’s ratio was determined by direct measurements in regions previously marked on the specimens. The conventional specific mass was obtained by the ratio between the mass of specimens and their volume. The methodology allowed the studied properties and a database to be obtained, and they can be used as a basis for the development and operation of the mechanism used in the mechanical and semi mechanical harvesting of coffee fruits. The results obtained indicate the following values for elasticity modulus of the trunk, performed from compression tests: 1090.94 MPa in the longitudinal direction and 108.60 MPa in the cross-sectional direction. For elasticity modulus of the branches, performed from tensile testsin the longitudinal direction: 507.72 MPa. For Poisson’s ratio, determined by direct measurements: 0.25 for the trunk and 0.09 for the branches. And for specific mass: 1070.05 kg.m-3 for the trunk and 1036.33 kg.m-3 for the branches. Key words: Elasticity modulus; Poisson’s ratio; Specific mass; Geometrical properties.