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2. Primarias abiertas legales en Chile. Reflexiones a diez (agitados y convulsivos) años de su sanción formal.
- Author
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Gallo, Ariadna and Díaz Esterio, Rodrigo
- Subjects
PRIMARIES ,POLITICAL change ,PRESIDENTIAL candidates ,JUSTICE administration ,ORIGINALITY - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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3. Paso alternado: facilidades, restricciones y desafíos a la presentación de candidaturas femeninas en las listas legislativas argentinas (2011-2023).
- Author
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Grinstein, Candela
- Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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4. International Relations' Nomological Machines: The Neo-Neo Synthesis's Tale of Law-Like Explanations.
- Author
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Lenine, Enzo and Lyra, Mariana
- Subjects
INTERNATIONAL relations ,INTERNATIONAL relations theory ,MACHINERY ,GOVERNMENT liability (International law) - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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5. Labor Markets in Contexts of War: Recruitment and Trafficking of Child Soldiers in Colombia.
- Author
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Hurtado, Mónica, Iranzo Dosdad, Ángela, and Rodríguez, Wilson
- Subjects
HUMAN trafficking ,CHILD trafficking ,CHILD soldiers ,WAR ,LABOR market ,EXPLOITATION of humans ,LABOR supply ,TRAFFIC conflicts - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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6. Dilemas de la vitalidad del partido político Centro Democrático (CD), 2013-2020.
- Author
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Ortiz Rubio, Johan and Otero, Laura Wills
- Subjects
POLITICAL party leadership ,POLITICAL parties ,ORGANIZATIONAL structure ,EX-presidents ,ORIGINALITY ,AMBITION - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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7. Exploring Agency Termination in Colombia: Understanding the Impact of Political and Economic Factors on the Survival of Public Organizations.
- Author
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Mejía Guinand, Luis Bernardo and Pinzón Caputo, Isabella
- Subjects
COALITION governments ,PRESIDENTIAL administrations ,INFORMATION organization ,DATA analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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8. Cambiar algo para que nada cambie. La reforma decorativa de las elecciones primarias obligatorias en Perú
- Author
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Ignacio Santoro
- Subjects
candidate selection ,counter-reform ,electoral reforms ,paso (mandatory ,simultaneous ,and open primaries) ,peru ,primary elections ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: In 2019, promoted by President Martín Vizcarra, the Congress of the Republic of Peru sanctioned a law on mandatory primary elections for voters and political parties. However, the regulation was not implemented, given that it was suspended by the Legislative Branch for the general elections in 2021 and the regional elections in 2022. Methodology: This paper studies the reform process of mandatory, simultaneous, and open primaries (PASO, for its acronym in Spanish) in Peru and its counter-reform based on its suspension on two occasions (2021 and 2022). Twenty-three key actors were interviewed for this research, including congresspersons, ministers, electoral officials, and researchers, in addition to the revision of secondary sources and newspapers of legislative sessions. Conclusions: The paper concludes that PASO were a “decorative” reform, i.e., a law passed without the intention of implementing it. Its sanction was the product of a reformist coalition between civil society and the President of the nation, where the objectives of increasing popular support for President Vizcarra and the need to improve the legitimacy of the political system converged. The reform was resisted by congresspersons who formed two counter-reformist coalitions that suspended the PASO on two occasions. Originality: The research shows that these counter-reform coalitions are intrinsically linked to the atomization and personalization of the Peruvian party system, characterized by hyper-personalism and a lack of party structures. In addition, it generates theoretical contributions to studying the processes of reforms and counter-reforms in the context of institutional weakness.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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9. Las tres crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano contemporáneo: factores causales más allá de la falta de voluntad política.
- Author
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Santos-Carrillo, Francisco
- Subjects
SOCIAL forces ,REGIONALISM ,INTERNATIONAL economic integration ,NATION-state ,ORIGINALITY ,CRITICAL success factor ,DILEMMA ,CONDITIONED response - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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10. Cuando los think tanks entran en campaña: el caso de Chile.
- Author
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Barreda, Mikel, Ruiz Rodríguez, Leticia M., and Sánchez Medero, Gema
- Subjects
POLITICAL campaigns ,POLITICAL affiliation ,INTERNET content ,WEBSITES ,PRESIDENTIAL elections - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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11. Marx y el concepto de lo político.
- Author
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Parra-Ayala, Andrés F.
- Subjects
POLITICAL autonomy ,PHILOSOPHY of history ,ORIGINALITY ,SOUL ,FINITE, The ,DILEMMA ,LIBERTY - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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12. Corporate Networks and Business Influence in Panama, Costa Rica, and El Salvador.
- Author
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Cárdenas, Julián and Robles-Rivera, Francisco
- Subjects
BUSINESS networks ,CAMPAIGN funds ,ECONOMIC elites ,POLITICAL campaigns ,POLITICAL participation ,BUSINESS enterprises - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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13. Peace Agreement Implementation (PAI): What Matters? A Review of the Literature.
- Author
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Rettberg, Angelika and Dupont, Federico
- Subjects
PEACE treaties ,CONTRACTS ,LITERATURE reviews ,CONFLICT management ,PEACEBUILDING ,ECONOMICS of war - Abstract
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- Published
- 2023
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14. Trajetórias divergentes: a América Latina e o Leste Asiático na economia-mundo capitalista.
- Author
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Antonio Vieira, Pedro, Ricardo Ouriques, Helton, and Pádua dos Santos, Fábio
- Subjects
CAPITAL gains ,SIXTEENTH century ,SEVENTEENTH century ,ECONOMIC development ,ORIGINALITY ,REGIONAL differences - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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15. Limitations on Democracy in Multilateral Policies to Regulate the Political Participation of Indigenous and Tribal Peoples.
- Author
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Ovalle Almanza, María Cristina and Vásquez Salazar, Juan Camilo
- Subjects
POLITICAL participation ,INDIGENOUS peoples ,CRITICAL discourse analysis ,POWER (Social sciences) ,POLITICAL opposition - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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16. 50 (y más) años de resistencia indígena desde el Cauca, Colombia. De la lucha por la tierra hacia la construcción de otro mundo.
- Author
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Laurent, Virginie
- Subjects
INDIGENOUS peoples ,INDIGENOUS rights ,INDIGENOUS ethnic identity ,SOCIAL clubs ,NATURE conservation - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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17. Pluralism versus Pluralization. How the Protection of Cultural Diversity Can Turn Against New Forms of Religious Diversity.
- Author
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Sarrazin Martínez, Jean Paul and Redondo, Saira
- Subjects
CULTURAL pluralism ,RELIGIOUS diversity ,PLURALISM ,FREEDOM of religion ,CULTS ,CONSTITUTIONAL courts - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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18. Apuntes sobre la relación Estado-burguesía. El debate Miliband-Poulantzas y la crisis argentina de 1998-2001.
- Author
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Salvia, Sebastián P.
- Subjects
STATE power ,SOCIAL classes ,INTERVENTION (Federal government) ,MIDDLE class ,CRITICAL analysis - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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19. Marxismo y posmarxismo en Ernesto Laclau: hacia una teoría política posfundacional.
- Author
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Retamozo, Martín
- Subjects
CRITICAL theory ,PSYCHOANALYSIS ,HEGEMONY ,CONSTITUTIONS ,ORIGINALITY ,ARCHAEOLOGY ,HISTORICAL archaeology - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2021
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20. Mercados laborales en contextos de guerra: reclutamiento de niños soldado en Colombia
- Author
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Mónica Hurtado, Ángela Iranzo Dosdad, and Wilson Rodríguez
- Subjects
child recruitment ,human trafficking ,unfree labor ,armed conflict ,colombia ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: The article aims to analyze child recruitment as a form of human trafficking. Beyond the theoretical perspectives that focus on security or rights, it addresses the topic as a form of unfree labor. By means of a case study focused on child recruitment by right-wing paramilitary groups in Colombia, the paper analyzes how children entered and exited illegal armed groups, the functions they performed, and the exploitation they endured. The research argues that child recruitment operates as a large-scale labor-market uptake in the wartime social order, where the “employers” are paramilitary groups, and the labor force, in part, consists of children and adolescents. Methodology: This case study relies on different sources of information: a database on child recruitment provided by the special Justice and Peace Unit of the Colombian Attorney General’s Office (989 cases between 1981 and 2005), sentences of Peace and Justice, testimonials given by victims in judicial processes, and semi-structured interviews with different actors. Conclusions: The paper shows that child recruitment as a form of trafficking is functional to wartime social order in contexts of poverty and inequality. There is demand and supply; thus, both girls and boys, who worked as soldiers, are not only victims but also agents that make decisions in challenging conditions. Therefore, if the socioeconomic options for these children, even after their demobilization from the armed group, are still a choice between bad and worse, joining a violent (no longer “armed” but “criminal”) group will remain a feasible alternative. Originality: The article contributes to the academic literature on a recent topic, such as the overlapping between child recruitment and human trafficking in armed conflict and post-conflict situations. It also contributes to the literature on “unfree labor,” as the study focuses on an actor (illegal armed groups) that has not been analyzed until now. Finally, the research demonstrates the limits of understanding human trafficking (and child recruitment as a form of trafficking) as a problem of security or rights entitlement. It highlights the analytical and political advantages of categories such as “unfree labor” to provide effective solutions for the prevention and reintegration of child soldiers.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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21. Dilemas de la vitalidad del partido político Centro Democrático (CD), 2013-2020
- Author
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Johan Ortiz Rubio and Laura Wills Otero
- Subjects
álvaro uribe vélez ,centro democrático ,organizational vitality ,personalistic leadership ,political parties ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: The organizational vitality of political parties is understood as their capacity to attract activists, keep them allied to the organization, and united among themselves. More vital parties reproduce greater participation of their activists and increase their ability to resist changing circumstances and exogenous shocks. Four conditions explain the reproduction of political party vitality: trauma, programmatic purpose, channels of ambition, and exit barriers. This paper aims to analyze the vitality levels of the Centro Democrático (CD) party from the year of its creation (2013) until 2020. Methodology: The paper examines the case of the CD. Empirical support comes, fundamentally, from in-depth interviews with (former) leaders and activists of the CD and experts in the party. Secondary sources are also explored. Conclusions: As one of its main findings, this work highlights the moderate vitality of the CD. Trauma has a positive and significant relationship with vitality, while purpose, exit barriers, and ambition channels have positive effects, but smaller than those produced by trauma. A variable that moderates the behavior of the explanatory factors of vitality is the strong personalistic leadership of the founder of the party, former president Álvaro Uribe. Originality: This work contributes to understanding the organizational structures of political parties and their impact on their performance.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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22. Exploring Agency Termination in Colombia: Understanding the Impact of Political and Economic Factors on the Survival of Public Organizations
- Author
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Luis Bernardo Mejía Guinand and Isabella Pinzón Caputo
- Subjects
public organizations ,termination of organizations ,presidentialism ,survival analysis ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/Context: This paper analyzes factors related to political incentives for public organizations to cease operations. It suggests that political turnover has a negative effect on the duration of these types of entities. However, this effect differs according to the size of the governing coalition. Methodology: Semi-parametric models and Cox regressions are used to estimate the survival of 415 public organizations in Colombia. Conclusions: The data show that a change in the presidential administration allows the new president to reshape the administration according to their interests. Data analysis also indicates that the larger the size of the government coalition, the lower the probability that a public entity will be eliminated. Originality: The article uses an original database containing longitudinal information on public organizations in Colombia for the period 1958 to 2020. This database contains 415 observations on the organizational characteristics of each entity. This paper contributes to the scarce literature on the termination of public organizations in Latin America.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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23. Path-Dependent Criminality: Criminal Governance after the Paramilitary Demobilization in Cali and Medellín.
- Author
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Durán-Martínez, Angélica
- Subjects
CRIMINAL behavior ,CITIES & towns ,CRIMINALS ,BALANCE of power ,CRIMINAL records ,POLITICAL violence - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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24. Primarias abiertas legales en Chile. Reflexiones a diez (agitados y convulsivos) años de su sanción formal
- Author
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Ariadna Gallo and Rodrigo Díaz Esterio
- Subjects
chile ,open primaries ,political reform ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: This paper examines the open legal primary rule in Chile for the selection of the presidential candidate, established in 2012 through Law 20640. This rule contains elements shared with similar legislation in the region as well as specific characteristics. Methodology: Through a case study, we will investigate the results and consequences of the application of primaries on the three occasions they were implemented (2013, 2017, and 2021). We will review the formal changes adopted and the political events that occurred in the interim, considering the main variables that typically intervene in electoral events of this nature, drawn from the existing debate and literature. Conclusions: The case of Chile shows that the combination of an open legal primary system with voluntary internal voting, incomplete simultaneity, and the absence of stable political groupings produces effects that do not align with either the general aspirations for the implementation of primaries or the theoretical purposes outlined by the ideologists of Chilean legislation. Originality: This study contributes to the emerging literature addressing open legal primaries in their dual aspect, both as a nomination mechanism and as an electoral rule
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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25. Marx y el concepto de lo político
- Author
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Andrés F. Parra-Ayala
- Subjects
the political ,marx ,freedom ,materialism ,relations of production ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/Context: The objective of this paper is to build a definition of the concept of the political in Marx as a third way between the autonomy and the heteronomy of the political. Methodology: This paper suggests a hermeneutical and philosophical methodology, which consists of interpretation of arguments and concepts of theoretical texts. Primary sources –hereupon: Marx’s texts– will be preferred, although they will be connected with other scholars. Conclusions: The paper arrives to a double conclusion. On the one hand, the essential connection (as championed by Marx) between the political and the world of material production does not involve a reductionist, mechanistic or heteronomous understanding of the political, for material production and the political are for him two distinct, albeit jointed, forms of human freedom. On the other hand, the concept of the political in Marx has two souls: the plasticity of the human second nature and the ideal of self-transparency of the philosophy of history. Facing this dilemma, the paper claims for an open and finite Marxism. Originality: Reflections on this topic are not new, but the thesis of the political and the production as two distinct, albeit jointed, forms of human freedom seems to be a relative new contribution to the theoretical and political discussion.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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26. Corporate Networks and Business Influence in Panama, Costa Rica, and El Salvador
- Author
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Julián Cárdenas and Francisco Robles-Rivera
- Subjects
business elites ,interlocking directorates ,corporate networks ,business influence ,revolving doors ,campaign contributions ,state capture ,network analysis ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/Context: This paper explores the relationship between corporate networks and business influence to figure out the conditions of state capture. Methodology: We analyze corporate networks through interlocking directorates in three Central American countries – Panama, Costa Rica, and El Salvador – using network analysis, and we pinpoint the relationship between the structure of the corporate network and two corporate political actions: contributions to presidential campaigns and revolving doors. Conclusions: Results show corporate networks were fragmented in the three Central American countries, except for a well-connected business cluster in Panama. The organization of business elites based on a single cohesive business cluster could facilitate coordination to finance political parties, which gives them more strength to demand government posts. On the other side, the absence of connections between business elites makes it difficult to reach agreements and weaken business influence. Findings suggest that networking among some (not all) business elites can be a source that precedes state capture, as it organizes access to the state through collective mobilization of resources and coordinated action planning. Originality: This paper is the first study on networks of interlocking directorates in Central American economies and combines original data on contributions to electoral campaigns and revolving doors. Therefore, it can be a benchmark for future studies on business power. In addition, this study introduces the analysis of interlocking directorates in the literature on state capture.
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
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27. Paso alternado: facilidades, restricciones y desafíos a la presentación de candidaturas femeninas en las listas legislativas argentinas (2011-2023)
- Author
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Candela Grinstein
- Subjects
argentina ,gender parity ,legislative elections ,mandatory ,simultaneous ,and open primaries (paso) ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: In 2009, the law of mandatory, simultaneous, and open primaries (PASO, for its acronym in Spanish) was enacted in Argentina. Among others, this regulation seeks to democratize party structures. From a gender perspective, this paper studies the effect of PASO on women’s access to the Chamber of Deputies (2003-2023). To this end, it analyzes how the final lists are assembled, the places assigned to women candidates, the ease with which they gain access to expectable positions, and the permeability of groupings towards their participation since the implementation of PASO. Methodology: This is an exploratory and descriptive study of the effect of PASO on the allocation of seats for the category of female deputies in Argentina, considering all female legislators elected in successive elections (2011-2023). Conclusion: The findings show that PASO’s objective of democratizing party structures and making their components more representative does not seem to have impacted the country’s existing political and party traditions prior to implementing the law regarding the place given to women in a party. Originality: The article presents a study on the democratization effect of PASO on party structures from a gender perspective.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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28. The Impact of Turnout in Optional Simultaneous Presidential Primaries on the Vote Share for the Coalition Candidate in the General Election: Evidence from Chile's Two-Round System.
- Author
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Jofré, Hugo and Navia, Patricio
- Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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29. La ficción de las primarias presidenciales en Bolivia.
- Author
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Vargas Gamboa, Nataly Viviana
- Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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30. Analizando las reglas del juego. Características y efectos de las elecciones primarias presidenciales en Honduras.
- Author
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Rodríguez Balmaceda, Cecilia Graciela
- Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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31. Primarias abiertas y simultáneas en América Latina. Una propuesta preliminar para su estudio comparativo.
- Author
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Buquet, Daniel and Gallo, Ariadna
- Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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32. Primarias presidenciales en Chile, 2013-2021: instituciones, participación electoral y resultados.
- Author
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Morales, Mauricio
- Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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33. International Relations’ Nomological Machines: The Neo-Neo Synthesis’s Tale of Law-Like Explanations
- Author
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Enzo Lenine and Mariana Lyra
- Subjects
international relations theory ,neo-neo synthesis ,nomological machines ,philosophy of international relations ,philosophy of science ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: This article introduces debates on Nancy Cartwright’s concept of nomological machines applied to international relations theory. What the neo-neo synthesis claims as the essence of the international system is a set of conditions imposed upon international phenomena for the latter to fit into the theories themselves. It argues that the law-like explanations tailored by neorealism and neoliberalism are by no means a representation of the world as it is, but rather a predication of the world as these theories want it to be. Methodology: It critically reviews the foundations of neo-neo theories, suggesting a philosophical methodology by reframing the ontological terms of neorealism and neoliberalism based on the concept of nomological machines. Conclusions: This article contends that neo-neo theories could benefit from a capacities-oriented approach, which offers a less categorical understanding of how explanations of international phenomena are tailored, allowing alternative principles to provide invaluable insights about the international system. Originality: This paper innovates by intersecting the ideas of nomological machines with the metatheoretical debate on international relations, thus enabling theoretical improvement.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
34. Labor Markets in Contexts of War: Recruitment and Trafficking of Child Soldiers in Colombia
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Mónica Hurtado, Ángela Iranzo Dosdad, and Wilson Rodríguez
- Subjects
meninos e adolescentes ,History ,recrutamento de meninas ,Sociology and Political Science ,trata de seres humanos ,human trafficking ,conflito armado ,conflicto armado ,tráfico de pessoas ,Colômbia ,reclutamiento de niños ,trabajo no libre ,Colombia ,child recruitment ,unfree labor ,trabalho não livre ,Political Science and International Relations ,niñas y adolescentes ,armed conflict - Abstract
Objective/context: The article aims to analyze child recruitment as a form of human trafficking. Beyond the theoretical perspectives that focus on security or rights, it addresses the topic as a form of unfree labor. By means of a case study focused on child recruitment by right-wing paramilitary groups in Colombia, the paper analyzes how children entered and exited illegal armed groups, the functions they performed, and the exploitation they endured. The research argues that child recruitment operates as a large-scale labor-market uptake in the wartime social order, where the “employers” are paramilitary groups, and the labor force, in part, consists of children and adolescents. Methodology: This case study relies on different sources of information: a database on child recruitment provided by the special Justice and Peace Unit of the Colombian Attorney General’s Office (989 cases between 1981 and 2005), sentences of Peace and Justice, testimonials given by victims in judicial processes, and semi-structured interviews with different actors. Conclusions: The paper shows that child recruitment as a form of trafficking is functional to wartime social order in contexts of poverty and inequality. There is demand and supply; thus, both girls and boys, who worked as soldiers, are not only victims but also agents that make decisions in challenging conditions. Therefore, if the socioeconomic options for these children, even after their demobilization from the armed group, are still a choice between bad and worse, joining a violent (no longer “armed” but “criminal”) group will remain a feasible alternative. Originality: The article contributes to the academic literature on a recent topic, such as the overlapping between child recruitment and human trafficking in armed conflict and post-conflict situations. It also contributes to the literature on “unfree labor,” as the study focuses on an actor (illegal armed groups) that has not been analyzed until now. Finally, the research demonstrates the limits of understanding human trafficking (and child recruitment as a form of trafficking) as a problem of security or rights entitlement. It highlights the analytical and political advantages of categories such as “unfree labor” to provide effective solutions for the prevention and reintegration of child soldiers. Objetivo/contexto: el artículo propone analizar el reclutamiento de niños, niñas y adolescentes como una forma de trata de personas. Más allá de las aproximaciones teóricas que enfatizan las dimensiones de seguridad o derechos, este estudio aborda el tema como una forma de trabajo no libre. Mediante un estudio de caso, centrado en las prácticas de reclutamiento por parte del paramilitarismo en Colombia, el artículo se enfoca en la entrada de los niños, niñas y adolescentes al grupo armado, la salida, las funciones que cumplieron y las formas de explotación a las que fueron sometidos. Esta investigación sostiene que el reclutamiento en Colombia opera como un mercado laboral a gran escala en un orden social de guerra, donde los “empleadores” son grupos paramilitares y la fuerza de trabajo está conformada, en parte, por niños, niñas y adolescentes. Metodología: el estudio de caso se basa en diferentes fuentes de información: la base de datos de reclutamiento ilícito facilitada por la unidad especial de Justicia y Paz de la Fiscalía General de Colombia (989 casos de niños y niñas reclutados entre 1981 y 2005), sentencias de Justicia y Paz, audiencias de las víctimas en el proceso judicial y entrevistas semiestructuradas a diferentes actores. Conclusiones: el artículo muestra que el reclutamiento, como forma de trata, es funcional al orden social de la guerra en contextos de pobreza y desigualdad. Existe una oferta y una demanda; así, los niños y niñas que “trabajaron” como soldados no sólo son víctimas sino también agentes que tomaron decisiones en contextos difíciles. Por tanto, si las condiciones socioeconómicas de estos niños y niñas, incluso tras su desvinculación, siguen ofreciendo una decisión entre “lo malo y lo peor”, su incorporación a un grupo violento (ya no “armado” sino “criminal”) seguirá una opción viable. Originalidad: el artículo contribuye a la literatura académica sobre un tema actual, como el solapamiento entre tráfico humano y reclutamiento infantil en situaciones de conflicto armado y postconflicto. También contribuye a la literatura sobre “trabajo no libre” al enfocarse en un actor (grupos armados ilegales) que no han sido analizados hasta ahora. Finalmente, el artículo demuestra los límites de entender el tráfico humano (y el reclutamiento de niños como una de sus expresiones) como un problema de seguridad o titularidad de derechos. Subraya las ventajas analíticas y políticas de categorías como “trabajo no libre” para buscar soluciones efectivas en materia de prevención y reintegración de niños soldados. Objetivo/contexto: o artigo propõe analisar o recrutamento de meninas, meninos e adolescentes como um tipo de tráfico de pessoas. Além das aproximações teóricas que enfatizam as dimensões de segurança ou de direitos, esse estudo aborda o assunto como uma forma de trabalho não livre. Através de um estudo de caso sobre as práticas de recrutamento por parte do paramilitarismo na Colômbia, o artigo foca a análise na entrada de crianças e adolescentes nos grupos armados, sua saída, as funções que realizaram e as formas de exploração às que foram submetidos. A pesquisa argumenta que o recrutamento na Colômbia opera sob as dinâmicas de um mercado de trabalho em escala ampla e numa ordem social de guerra, onde os “empregadores” são grupos paramilitares e a força de trabalho é composta, em parte, por crianças e adolescentes. Metodologia: a pesquisa consiste num estudo de caso baseado em diferentes fontes de informação: a base de dados de recrutamento ilícito disponibilizado pela Unidade Especial de Justiça e Paz da Procuradoria-Geral da Colômbia (989 casos de meninas e meninos recrutados entre 1981 e 2005); sentenças de Justiça e Paz, audiências de vítimas num processo na justiça e entrevistas semiestruturadas com diferentes atores. Conclusões: a pesquisa aponta que o recrutamento, como forma de tráfico, é funcional na ordem social de guerra em contextos de pobreza e desigualdade. Há uma oferta e uma demanda. Assim, meninas e meninos que “trabalharam” como soldados não são apenas vítimas, mas também agentes que tomaram decisões. Em consequência, o estudo salienta que, se as condições socioeconómicas dessas crianças continuarem se limitando a uma decisão entre “o ruim e o pior”, mesmo após a sua desvinculação, a sua incorporação num grupo armado ilegal, num contexto de guerra ou de criminalidade, continuará sendo uma opção viável. Originalidade: o artigo contribui para o desenvolvimento da pesquisa acadêmica sobre uma questão incipiente, tal como é a sobreposição entre tráfico e recrutamento de crianças em situações de conflito armado e pós-conflito. Igualmente, o artigo contribui às pesquisas sobre “trabalho não livre”, aplicando esse conceito a um ator pouco estudado nesse âmbito – os grupos armados ilegais. Finalmente, o artigo ressalta os limites de compreender o tráfico (e, assim, o recrutamento como uma forma de tráfico) como um problema de segurança ou de titularidade de direitos. Salientam-se, desse modo, as vantagens analíticas e políticas do uso de categorias como “trabalho não livre” para procurar soluções eficazes que visem à prevenção e reintegração de crianças-soldado.
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- 2023
35. La sociedad contra las élites: aproximación a las bases sociales del apoyo electoral a Petro en Colombia.
- Author
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Kessler, Gabriel, Vommaro, Gabriel, Carlos Rodríguez-Raga, Juan, and Calderón Herrera, Juan Andrés
- Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2024
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36. The Role of Social Forgiveness and Non-Forgiveness in Shaping the Political Discourse Around Gustavo Petro during the 2022 Colombian Presidential Elections.
- Author
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Treisch, Constantin
- Subjects
PRESIDENTIAL elections ,FORGIVENESS ,CONTRAST media ,PUBLIC opinion ,POLITICAL campaigns ,DISCOURSE - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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37. Entre la identidad y la ideología: factores de riesgo de violencia electoral para las candidaturas a las elecciones legislativas del 2022 en Colombia.
- Author
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Duque-Salazar, Juan Diego and Salazar-Escalante, Luisa
- Subjects
POLITICAL violence ,MINORITIES ,ELECTIONS ,VIOLENCE ,GENDER - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
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38. Cuando los think tanks entran en campaña: el caso de Chile
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Mikel Barreda, Leticia M. Ruiz Rodríguez, and Gema Sánchez Medero
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ideology ,latin america ,political parties ,political positions ,think tanks ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: The paper examines the contribution of think tanks (TTs) to debating ideas and their relationship with the environment. Specifically, it analyzes the variations introduced by the electoral campaign in the political positions of TTs and the role of ideology and party affiliation as possible determinants. Methodology: The content of the web pages of ten TTs is monitored before and during the electoral campaign for the 2021 presidential elections in Chile, where numerous TTs have become protagonists. For each TT, attention to socio-political issues is analyzed, and the trend of their positions is recorded. Conclusions: The analysis shows that TTs adapt their communicative agenda to the electoral campaign and that their ideology is a principal variable in this strategy. Originality: Evidence is provided on the entry of TTs in electoral campaigns with differences between conservatives and progressives.
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- 2023
- Full Text
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39. Las tres crisis del regionalismo latinoamericano contemporáneo: factores causales más allá de la falta de voluntad política
- Author
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Francisco Santos-Carrillo
- Subjects
institutional design ,latin american regionalism ,regional governance ,regional integration ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/context: The paper analyzes the causes of the crisis of Latin American regionalism, seeking the reasons that determine its nature, scope, and consequences, as well as the dilemmas posed by different exit options. Methodology: Based on a definition of the concept of crisis, a model of analysis is proposed that traces significant governance processes and crisis factors at the systemic, regional, and domestic levels, using a series of indicators that allow interpreting their impact on Latin American regionalism projects and their effects in the form of crisis. Conclusions: The findings suggest the existence of structural conditioning factors that exceed the established paradigms and political dynamics that were unable to overcome their contradictions, which led to a triple crisis of results, model, and expectations, the effects of which directly affect the credibility of the projects. The crisis, therefore, does not appear as a mere question of political will but as a complex combination of multiple factors involving states and other national and international actors and social forces. Originality: The article broadens the analytical perspectives of Latin American regionalism by proposing a novel approach that helps better understand its particularities vis-à-vis other regionalisms and opens the possibility of continuing and deepening the empirical analysis of each specific regionalism.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. Critical Latin American Feminisms: Community-Based, Experience-Based, and Gender-Unraveling.
- Author
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Patiño Niño, Diana Milena
- Subjects
FEMINISM ,ACTIVISM ,SOCIAL movements ,COMMUNITY-based participatory research - Abstract
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- Published
- 2023
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41. “Este no es tu lugar”. Límites a la participación de las mujeres en el proceso de paz de la ONU para Siria.
- Author
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Peregrima, Jusaima Moaid-Azm
- Subjects
PEACE negotiations ,SYRIANS ,PEACE treaties ,NEGOTIATION ,PEACEBUILDING ,ACTIVISM ,POLITICAL participation - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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42. Crueldad contra personas LGBTIQ+ y poder soberano en las nuevas formas de la guerra.
- Author
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del Rocío Bello Urrego, Alejandra
- Subjects
POLITICAL science ,LGBTQ+ people ,COLLECTIVE memory ,WAR powers ,CRUELTY ,CASE-based reasoning - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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43. Trajetórias divergentes: a América Latina e o Leste Asiático na economia-mundo capitalista
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Pedro Antonio Vieira, Helton Ricardo Ouriques, and Fábio Pádua dos Santos
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latin america ,east asia ,compared development ,capitalist world-economy ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objectives/Context: The main objective of this paper is to present an explanation for the divergent development trajectories of two regions of the capitalist world-economy, Latin America and East Asia. Methodology: starting from the concepts of world-economy, world region, regional focus and long durée, it is intended to verify how the forms of integration of the two regions to the capitalist worldeconomy affected them in three essential dimensions for economic development: State, capital accumulation and technological capability, from the 16th century to the present. Conclusions: having autonomously developed the three dimensions analyzed to the point of equating to the West at least until the end of the 17th century, when it was incorporated into the capitalist world-economy in the first half of the 19th century, East Asia was able to take advantage of this integration and advance in global hierarchies of wealth and power. On the other hand, Latin America, which as a geopolitical entity was born together with the capitalist world-economy in the 16th century, was at that moment at a relatively low level of development in these dimensions, which, together with colonialism, continued to restrict its development and maintaining the region in its historical position as a periphery of the capitalist world-economy. Originality: the originality of this research is to establish a historically grounded principle of variation to explain the divergence in recent development trajectories of Latin America and East Asia.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Peace Agreement Implementation (PAI): What Matters? A Review of the Literature
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Angelika Rettberg and Federico Dupont
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peace agreement ,implementation ,peacebuilding ,war economies ,political regime ,security ,civil society ,gender ,transitional justice ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/Context: Much of the research on conflict resolution has focused on the conditions for getting parties involved in a conflict to sign a peace agreement. Less attention has been paid to what happens next. In this document, we offer a review of the factors shaping peace agreement implementation (PAI). Methodology: The paper is based on a review of the available academic literature on the factors that shape peace agreement implementation (PAI). Conclusions: We conceive the implementation process as composed of multiple temporal stages (short- to long-term), layers (from international to local), and dimensions (including politics, justice, the economy, and culture). In an implementation phase, all these need to be addressed in parallel, as they exert mutual impact and shape each other’s progress. Originality: The general overview presented here will provide scholars and policymakers with a broad sense of the most important debates within the literature.
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- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Limitations on Democracy in Multilateral Policies to Regulate the Political Participation of Indigenous and Tribal Peoples
- Author
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María Cristina Ovalle Almanza and Juan Camilo Vásquez Salazar
- Subjects
indigenous peoples ,political participation ,critical discourse analysis ,international labour organization ,united nations ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/Context: This paper analyzes the discourse of three supranational policy instruments produced by the International Labour Organization and the United Nations regarding the political participation of Indigenous Peoples. We argue that these discourses promote a utilitarian view of the environment and pose severe limitations on substantial political participation by Indigenous Peoples. Methodology: To support this thesis, we present the results of a Critical Discourse Analysis that reveals how political participation is shaped through discourses, social actors are represented within hierarchical relationships, and nature is defined in terms of an exploitable resource. Conclusions: Our conclusions show that these documents stimulate a form of political involvement by Indigenous Peoples that excludes the administrative and political consequences of dissent and that represents consent as the only possible outcome. Nonetheless, further research is necessary to understand the resonance of these policy instruments within national legal frameworks and their political, environmental, and cultural effects. Originality: The article challenges the conventional assumptions that the success of supranational policies on Indigenous Peoples’ participation depends on the efficiency of their implementation process. Instead, it proposes a discursive comprehension based on the social practices and power relationships that configurate the policies’ discourse to the detriment of substantial political participation.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. 50 (y más) años de resistencia indígena desde el Cauca, Colombia. De la lucha por la tierra hacia la construcción de otro mundo
- Author
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Virginie Laurent
- Subjects
colombia ,indigenous peoples ,resistance to oppression ,civil and land rights ,nature conservation ,globalization ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/Context: The year 2021 marked the 50th anniversary of the Regional Indigenous Council of Cauca (CRIC), the first organization established in Colombia to fight for territorial and identity rights of Indigenous Peoples. From a historical perspective and proposing an approach related to the concept of resistance, this paper focuses on how this latter has been expressed through this indigenous movement since its inception. Methodology: The information and reflections presented here are based on a corpus of bibliographical and documentary sources, as well as on a follow-up of the political mobilizations of indigenous peoples in situ, in the media, digital social networks, official minutes, and other statements. Conclusions: The analysis reveals the persistence of indigenous resistance and an expansion of the project that accompanies it, from a struggle for land and territory to efforts carried out along with other actors and social organizations to create a “better world.” Originality: The originality of the article consists of an analysis of the political dimensions of the resistance of Indigenous Peoples, which are still little known. In addition, it offers a novel approach to stress the intersection of (sub) national and global dynamics in which the demands of Indigenous Peoples and issues related to Colombia’s society and the whole world converge.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Cuatro formas de percibir a China desde América Latina: análisis de clústeres de la composición de la opinión pública de la región.
- Author
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Maggiorelli, Lorenzo, Pino Uribe, Juan Federico, and Felipe Cifuentes, Carlos
- Subjects
CLUSTER analysis (Statistics) ,GROUP identity ,MILITARY relations ,LATIN Americans ,REGRESSION analysis ,PUBLIC opinion - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. The Boys Who Cried Wolf Warrior: China’s Diplomatic Strategy in Latin America.
- Author
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Creutzfeldt, Benjamin
- Subjects
COVID-19 pandemic ,ACCULTURATION ,INTERNATIONAL economic integration ,DATABASES ,TWENTY-first century ,CRYING - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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49. El desarrollo dependiente: treinta años de opinión pública en América Latina
- Author
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Juan A. Bogliaccini, Miguel García Sánchez, and Rosario Queirolo
- Subjects
latin america ,public opinion ,citizen’s preferences ,public policy ,International relations ,JZ2-6530 ,Political science (General) ,JA1-92 - Abstract
Objective/Context: This article explores the reasons behind the imbalance and limitations that persist in Latin America to access public opinion information on public policy preferences. Methodology: A descriptive analysis of the development of public opinion studies in the region, based on interviews with academics and pollsters from Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Uruguay. Conclusions: Although data availability to study public policy opinion in Latin America has significantly increased in the last three decades, limitations persist due to three factors: (i) Latin American states have played a sporadic role in generating information for research in this field. (ii) The role of the private sector and politicians as funders and generators of public opinion data makes the availability of information very sporadic and of limited access. (iii) The agenda of open access public opinion studies is defined by academics from the Global North, whose research agenda moves more towards issues of stability and democratic values than towards citizens’ public policy preferences. Originality: This paper contributes to a more comprehensive descriptive overview of the evolution of the sub-discipline of public opinion in Latin America. In addition, it highlights the need for public funds to systematically survey the public policy preferences of citizens in the region and make microdata publicly available to inform political decision-making and academic research.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. El género en la intersección entre el conflicto armado y la construcción de paz en Colombia: un balance.
- Author
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Rettberg, Angelika, Salazar-Escalante, Luisa, Vargas Parada, María Gabriela, and Vargas Zabaraín, Laura
- Subjects
WAR ,WOMEN in war ,CIVIL society ,CAPITAL cities ,GENDER studies ,DILEMMA ,ACTIVISM - Abstract
Copyright of Colombia Internacional is the property of Universidad de los Andes and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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