4 results on '"SHARMA, SHALINI"'
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2. Immunological and Hemato-biochemical alterations in diarrhoeic buffaloes screened for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis infection using 'indigenous ELISA kit'.
- Author
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Sharma, Shalini, Gautam, Ajay, Singh, ShoorVir, Chaubey, Kundan Kumar, Mehta, Rajat, Sharma, Maneesh, and Gupta, Saurabh
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MYCOBACTERIUM avium paratuberculosis , *TUBERCULOSIS , *PARATUBERCULOSIS , *CROHN'S disease , *INFLAMMATORY bowel diseases , *WATER buffalo - Abstract
Paratuberculosis (ParaTB) in ruminants, commonly known as Johne's disease (JD)is caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP). Characteristic hallmark of JD is chronic inflammation of intestines. Similar infection of MAP in human population is called Crohn's disease (CD). In sub-tropical countries like India, domestic buffaloes are important source of milk and meat and vital for thenutritional security of human beings. Diarrhoea leading to weight loss and weakness invariably leads to reduced productivity, therefore huge financial losses to the livestock farmers. Evaluation of immuno-biochemical alterations and their management through appropriate therapeutic interventions would aid in preventing production losses caused by diarrhoea following MAP infection.Most of the studies were performed to understand immune-biochemical alterations in serum samples of cattle following experimental infections. But studies are limited in clinical cases of buffaloes suffering from diarrhoea and were suspected for MAP infection.We categorized diarrhoeic buffaloes brought at Veterinary Clinical Complex of Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, for therapeutic intervention; As MAP negatives / suspected, low positive, positive and strong positive based on indigenous ELISA kit results. We further compared immuno hemato-biochemical alterations in MAP negative/suspected low positive, positive and strong positive animals.Our major findings were; significant differences observed in creatinine, globulin, total leucocytic, neutrophils and in lymphocytes numbers. Decreasing trend in leucocytes was seen from suspected to strong positive animals, which indicated the progression of disease towards chronic paratuberculosis. However, differences were not observed in the Th1 cytokine levels. • ELISA based sorting of spontaneous naturally infected diarrhoeic buffaloes as MAP negative, suspected, low, strong positive. • Plasma creatinine and globulin fraction were significantly increased in MAP strong positive diarrheic buffaloes. • Significantly reduced Total leucocyte count (TLC) in strong positive animals. • Progressive decline of TLC, neutrophils and lymphocytes from suspected to strong positive (advancement towards chronicity). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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3. In vivo kinetics of peripheral cellular immune responses in Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infected and vaccinated goats.
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Sharma, Shalini, Gautam, Ajay Kumar, Singh, Shoor Vir, Chaubey, Kundan Kumar, Rose, Manoj Kumar, Bangar, Yogesh, and Gururaj, K.
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MYCOBACTERIUM avium paratuberculosis , *MYCOBACTERIUM avium , *TUBERCULOSIS , *MONONUCLEAR leukocytes , *MYCOBACTERIAL diseases , *VACCINATION , *PARATUBERCULOSIS , *IMMUNE response , *CROHN'S disease - Abstract
Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) is the causative agent of paratuberculosis (ParaTB) also known as Johne's disease (JD) in ruminants, which is characterized by chronic intestinal inflammation. A similar counterpart has been observed in the form of Crohn's disease in humans. The present study is the first trail in goats to understand the peripheral cellular immune responses following experimental MAP infection and vaccination. Fifteen apparently healthy male kids (3–6 months old) of Barbari breed were included in this study. In the experimental study, 5 kids were infected with 'S 5' strain of MAP ("Indian Bison Type"), 5 were vaccinated (Indigenous Vaccine) against MAP infection (Singh et al., 2007) and the remaining 5 kids were uninfected and non-vaccinated controls. Kids were observed for a period of 180 days post exposure (infection and vaccination) and were tested for development of infection. Cellular immune responses (in blood) were recorded post-exposure by three assays. We measured the frequencies of CD4 and CD8T cells, estimated plasma IFNγ and TNα and in the third assay, in vitro cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from vaccinated, infected and controls were examined in response to polyclonal stimulation. The frequencies of peripheral CD4 and CD8T cells were comparable in control, infected and vaccinated animals except around day 49 post-infection where MAP infected animals showed a trend towards significantly reduced frequencies of CD4 T cells compared to apparently healthy controls. Significantly reduced plasma TNFα levels were also observed in infected animals compared to vaccinated animals,during the course of infection. Diminished levels (although non significant) of TNFα were observed in the supernatants from polyclonally stimulated PBMCs at around day 49 post infection. It is conceivable that the diminished cellular immune responses may coincide with an impairment (immune exhaustion) of perhaps antigen-specific CD4T cells that might, in the course of infection, contribute to the progressive nature of caprine paratuberculosis. • First trail in goats to understand early peripheral cellular immune responses after MAP infection and vaccination. • A wave of significantly reduced CD4 T cells and plasma TNFα were recorded in infected goats during the course of infection. • In vitro TNF α production by PBMCs was decreased in infected but not vaccinated goats at day 49 to day 180 post-infection. • In our study early IFNγ responses did not show clear relation to MAP infection status in the vaccinated and infected goats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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4. Prevalence of Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection in suspected diarrhoeic buffaloes and cattle reporting at Veterinary University in India.
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Sharma, Shalini, Gautam, Ajay, Singh, Shoor Vir, Chaubey, Kundan Kumar, Mehta, Rajat, Gupta, Saurabh, Sharma, Maneesh, Rose, Manoj Kumar, and Jain, V.K.
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MYCOBACTERIUM avium paratuberculosis , *PARATUBERCULOSIS , *CATTLE crossbreeding , *ZOOLOGY , *CATTLE , *LEUKOCYTE count - Abstract
• Manuscript discusses the incidence of MAP infection in diarrhoeic bovines, a question which has never been evaluated. • Sero-prevalence of JD was very high in diarrhoeic buffaloes and cattle from Haryana state of India. • Buffaloes positive for MAP infection had reduced total leukocyte count and lymphocytes indicating chronic nature of disease. • Buffalo PBMCs express TIM3. • Elucidating relative expression of TIM3 on JD positive and negative PBMCs will provide a clue on immune exhaustion in JD. Murrah buffaloes, best breed for milk production are native of Haryana state. They contributes significantly to the farmer's income, livelihood and food (milk and meat) security, in the semi-tropical regions of North India. Johne's disease though endemic in the domestic livestock of the country, but reports are not available in the buffaloes suffering from morbidity due to progressive weakness and diarrhoea. We estimated the status of JD in diarrhoeic buffaloes and cattle reporting at Veterinary Clinical Complex of Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Hisar, Haryana, India, using conventional, serological and PCR assays.141 buffaloes suffering from chronic diarrhoea were screened to estimate sero-prevalence of MAP and 50.0 % young and 53.52 % adult animals were positive. Of 14 cattle screened, none of the young and 66.6 % adult cows were positive. In buffaloes, 66.1 and 6.77 %, fecal samples were positive in microscopy and IS 900 PCR, respectively. Sero-prevalence of JD was very high in diarrhoeic buffaloes and cattle from Haryana state of India.Buffaloes positive for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP) infection had reduced total leukocyte count and lymphocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
- Full Text
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