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Abstract The Zabuk Formation of the Derik Group exposed over much of south-eastern Turkey presents a succession composed of shallow marine and fluvial siliciclastic sedimentary rocks. The Lower Cambrian assemblages containing abundant anemone-style trace fossils are known from most major palaeocontinents such as Laurentia, Baltica, and Gondwana. These have possible affinities with semi-infaunal dwelling anemones on siliciclastic mid-latitude shelves of West Gondwana in early Fortunian deposits. Among them is Bergaueria , characterized by plug-shaped burrows as exemplified by Bergaueria perata , that is, a characteristic trace fossil of the Cambrian globally. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Bioerosion is a common process in hard substrates. This study introduces an example from the rocky palaeoshore cropping out at a sea cliff on the Bozcaada Island. It includes bioerosion trace fossils preserved in limestone boulders of the shallow marine and lacustrine Alcitepe Formation of Late Miocene age. The ichnotaxa include borings produced by duraphagous drillers (Oichnus isp.), phonorids (cf. Conchotrema isp.), clionid sponges (Entobia cf. goniodes, Entobia geometrica, Entobia laquea, Entobia ovula, E. cf. solaris, Entobia isp.), endolithic bivalves (Gastrochaenolites torpedo, Gastrochaenolites lapidicus, Gastrochaenolites isp., Phrixichnus isp.), polychaete annelids (Maeandropolydora isp., Maeandropolydora sulcans, Maeandropolydora decipiens, Caulostrepsis taeniola, Caulostrepsis isp.), echinoids (cf. Circolites isp.) and spinculid worms (cf. Trypanites isp.). Barnacles are also common as encrusters. The borings can be ascribed to the Gastrochaenolites-Entobia assemblage, which is typical of Neogene rocky-shores. They belong to the Entobia ichnofacies indicating various conditions of light, energy, and depth. Therefore they can reveal environmental changes and play an important role in forming palaeo-rocky shores and wave-cut platforms during marine trangressive events. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Ichnotaxonomy classify and name trace fossils, an heterogeneous set of sedimentary structures resulting from various animal activities. A uniform vocabulary is needed for palaeoichnology, a discipline now currently used for sedimentological, palaeoecological and palaeoethological studies. The rules of binominal nomenclature (ichnogenus–ichnospecies) established by the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature are followed. This artificial approach (parataxonomy) needs to be easy to use, but is rather hard to establish. This brief article deals with general considerations and underlines particularities and difficulties of ichnotaxonomy. It shows that, to be efficient, ichnotaxonomy especially, needs rigour and pragmatism. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]