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It is argued that human residents in tropical forests inevitably deplete populations of large animals through hunting. This triggers a chain reaction of ecological events, which diminishes the conservation value of these forests. The establishment of pristine, tropical forest park is an important conservation goal.

Snag needs for fire-dependent birds, such as the Black-backed Woodpecker, are examined. Currently, snag management guidelines focus on the needs of cavity-nesting birds.

Conservation biology has provided evidence that roadless-area protection has scientific and environmental merit, but the emphasis on top-down, large-scale, national approaches has made policy-making problematic.

Site selection is modeled using edge effect, patch size, isolation, and habitat structure for forest bird conservation. Its use for other taxa and ecosystems is also discussed.

Research indicates that the Northwest Forest Plan, implemented in 1994, has contributed to old-growth forest conservation, but that periodical monitoring and stronger protections are key to its ultimate success.

The Northwest Forest Plan is reassessed in light of environmental changes since its adoption in 1994. Discussion focuses on the impacts of cutting large firs and pines, and fire suppression practices.

The article examines the impact of demand for, rather than supply of, wood products and wood fiber on the effectiveness of the Northwest Forest Plan in protecting the region's woodlands.

The Northwest Forest Plan, implemented in 1994, has been effective in preventing harm to old-growth forests, but has not achieved social, economic, or restoration goals. Recommendations are made.

Analysis is presented on deforestation occurring in the Brazilian Amazon, and the exacerbating and mitigating factors affecting its rate. Findings show that indigenous lands present a key barrier to deforestation; implications for successful forest conservation policies are discussed.

Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS) was used to map Kalimantan, Indonesia forest cover. Findings show that more than two thirds of deforestation occurred in existing and proposed protected areas, suggesting that alternative conservation strategies, including timber certification, are required to adequately protect forest habitat.

The failure of Indonesian forest conservation does not reflect the failure of the science of conservation biology but a failure of conservation biology. There are many conservation programs in Indonesia but jobs in conservation are rare with poor pay and all these factors make Indonesia a less attractive place of doctoral students or professional biologists.