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Highlights • Extract's main basic constituent responsible for inhibition is Glu, Pro and Leu. • MGME and its main basic constituent are mixed-type inhibitors. • The antagonistic effect between Glu, Pro and Leu in extract was investigated. • Bonding of main basic inhibitors with steel was studied by theoretical calculation. Abstract The inhibition mechanism of maize gluten meal extract (MGME) for steel was systematically elucidated combining experimental analysis with theoretical calculation. It is revealed that the MGME and its main basic constituent are responsible for inhibition including Glu, Pro and Leu, their inhibition efficiency are 83.15% and 79.27%, respectively. The antagonistic effect between the main basic molecules of Glu, Pro and Leu in MGME and the barrier film formed on steel surface were verified by electrochemical measurement and XPS result, respectively. Besides the quantum chemical calculation and Monte Carlo simulation were used to clarify inhibition mechanism of co-adsorption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High-mix fly ash (FA) is often used in roller compacted concrete (RCC) to ensure construction quality and reduce project cost. However, cost and difficulty of schedule control will increase if FA is transferred from other areas because the resource is relatively scarce in Tibet of China. Based on the richness of tuff resources at the Daigo hydropower station in Tibet, studying the feasibility of concrete application with tuff powder as the admixture is necessary because of the low cost and small impact on schedule. Research compared the performance indicators of RCC of tuff concrete (concrete mixed with only tuff powder), FA concrete (concrete mixed with only FA) and concrete mixed with FA and tuff. The results showed the tuff concrete increased the earlier compressive strength, earlier tensile strength and the drying shrinkage ratio and reduced the impermeability and frost resistance in freeze-thaw cycles. The tuff concrete performed well against cracks and deformation in comparison with the FA concrete and can meet the design requirements of the Daigo hydropower station. The results provide data for the selection of concrete mixtures for the Daigo hydropower stations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing global air traffic has placed higher demands on airport pavement design. However, the behavior of rigid concrete airport pavement (RCAP) under traffic loading is very complex, and the existing reliability theory and empirical concrete pavement analysis methods cannot detect the precise RCAP failure point. Based on this background, this paper attempts to study the failure of RCAP under traffic loading from a thermodynamic perspective. It selects the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) test in Construction Cycle 8 (CC8) phase 3 as the research material. We apply the structural stressing state theory to equate the RCAP under traffic loading to a thermodynamic system with a phase transition, i.e., we model the whole process strain data as state variables. Then, analogous to the renormalization group method of Wilson's phase transition theory to reveal the critical point of the system, this study establishes matrixes (Modes) and Hamiltonians (Characteristic parameters) that can characterize the RCAP full-process stressing state evolution under traffic loading by accumulating the difference of state variables. We attempted to verify the effectiveness of this method under such complex working conditions, which can also be applied to many other high-speed time-variant loading conditions. By applying the clustering analysis criterion, we can reveal the phase transition points of the RCAP: elastoplastic branch (EPB), failure starting (FS), and progressive failure (PF) points, respectively. Taking the NW group as an example, the variances of EPB, FS, and PF points revealed by the mode and characteristic parameter curves conducted by the two homogeneous measured point selections, respectively, are 7.7,6.4, and 6.4, which are of exceptionally high stability. We also used thermodynamic modeling to reveal the phase transition points of the remaining three RCAPs and compared the effect of different joints on the phase transition points. Finally, this study also explores the feasibility of EPB-based concrete airport pavement design. [Display omitted] • Proposing to model the stressing state of RCAP from a thermodynamic perspective. • The stressing state matrixes and Hamiltonians of the RCAP are proposed. • Applying the clustering analysis criterion revealed the phase transition points of RCAP. • Compare the EPB and FS points for different joint types of RCAP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• A novel and sustainable inhibitor was extracted from maize gluten meal. • The extracts possess amide structure and exhibit a mix-type inhibitor. • Surface analysis provides the evidence for extract adsorbed layer on steel. • Green extract is an effectively inhibitor for reinforced steel in concrete. The corrosion inhibitive effect of maize gluten meal extracts for steel in simulated concrete pore solution with 3.0 wt% sodium chloride was investigated. The results acquired from EIS and polarization studies were in a good agreement, which suggest an increase in the corrosion resistance of steel with the extract introduced comparatively to the blank systems. Adsorption of extracts onto the steel surface obeyed the isothermal Langmuir adsorption, was mainly controlled by physisorption. The confirmatory evidence of enhanced corrosion resistance during adsorption was obtained from the SEM-EDS, ATR-FTIR and surface structure analysis. Furthermore, the amide bond structures of the main constituents in extract were also beneficial to adhere to steel surface. The sustainable extract of maize gluten meal is a by product of starch industry, which is an effectively and promisingly inhibitor for reinforced steel with the anticorrosion efficiency of 62.71–88.10%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]