217 results on '"ATOPY"'
Search Results
2. The prevalence of hand dermatitis among intensive care unit nurses.
- Author
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Mossel RM, Naber RJ, van Manen BCT, and Rustemeyer T
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- Humans, Female, Prevalence, Cross-Sectional Studies, Adult, Male, Middle Aged, Intensive Care Units statistics & numerical data, Netherlands epidemiology, Sick Leave statistics & numerical data, Nursing Staff, Hospital statistics & numerical data, Surveys and Questionnaires, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact epidemiology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact etiology, Critical Care Nursing, Dermatitis, Occupational epidemiology, Dermatitis, Occupational etiology, Hand Dermatoses epidemiology
- Abstract
Background: Healthcare workers are at high risk of developing occupational hand dermatitis (HD) due to their frequent exposure to wet-work and use of gloves. Complaints of HD may interfere with work and cause loss of work productivity, or sick leave, and may have impact on job pleasure and performing daily activities. The prevalence of HD among intensive care unit (ICU) nurses is unknown., Objectives: To investigate the point prevalence and the 1-year prevalence of HD among ICU nurses, and to determine the impact of HD on work and daily activities., Method: A questionnaire-based cross-sectional study was performed among ICU nurses. Participants were recruited in the Amsterdam University Medical Centre. A symptom-based questionnaire was used to determine HD and atopic predisposition, and an additional questionnaire was used concerning the influence of HD. ICU nurses with an atopic predisposition or symptoms suiting HD were invited for the hand dermatitis consultation hour (HDCH). Data were analysed with logistic regression., Results: A total of 184 ICU nurses were included. The point prevalence of HD was 9.8% (95% CI: 5.9-15.0) and the 1-year prevalence was 26.6% (95% CI: 20.4-33.6). Sick leave was reported by 0.5%. HD seemed to have more impact on job pleasure than on work productivity., Conclusion: The high prevalence rate of HD resulting from our study highlights the need for the prevention of occupational HD among healthcare workers., (© 2024 The Authors. Contact Dermatitis published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. How does working in pandemic units affect the risk of occupational hand eczema in healthcare workers during the coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic: A comparative analysis with nonpandemic units
- Author
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Aslı Aksu Çerman, Ece Uğurer, Onur Sivaz, Sevkiye Copur, Esen Özkaya, Osman Vural, Yasemin Erdem, Gul Sekerlisoy, Hazel Ezgi Kaya, Ilayda Esna Gulsunay, Kübra Nursel Bölük, İlknur Kıvanç Altunay, and Sena Inal
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,handwashing ,Dermatology ,Affect (psychology) ,Patient care ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,COVID‐19 ,Hygiene ,hand hygiene ,Internal medicine ,Health care ,Pandemic ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,hand eczema ,030212 general & internal medicine ,media_common ,healthcare workers ,business.industry ,pandemic ,Original Articles ,medicine.disease ,moisturizing cream ,Hand eczema ,Original Article ,business ,management - Abstract
Background Hand eczema (HE) has increased among healthcare workers (HCWs) working in coronavirus disease‐2019 (COVID‐19) units, and was associated with increased hand hygiene practices. Objectives To compare the prevalence and clinical characteristics of HE, and hand hygiene practices in HCWs working in COVID‐19 and non‐COVID‐19 units. Methods A total of 244 HCWs working in COVID‐19 (n = 118) and non‐COVID‐19 patient care units (n = 126) were examined by dermatologists with regard to demographic parameters and hand hygiene practices. The COVID‐19 and non‐COVID‐19 groups were matched at a 1:1 ratio according to age, atopy, and generalized dry skin. Results HE was more frequent in the COVID‐19 group (48.3% vs 12.7%, P
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- 2021
4. Compositae sensitization in Danish children and adolescents
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Evy Paulsen and Klaus Ejner Andersen
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Male ,Compositae ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Exacerbation ,Denmark ,Dandelion ,Dermatology ,Asteraceae ,Atopy ,dandelion ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,children ,Internal medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Family history ,Child ,patch testing ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Sensitization ,sesquiterpene lactone mix ,Plant Extracts ,business.industry ,Patch test ,Allergens ,medicine.disease ,Compositae mix ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Hand eczema ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,allergic contact dermatitis ,business ,Sesquiterpenes - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Compositae plant sensitization in children is relatively frequent. From 1995-2006, we found a prevalence of 1.8% sesquiterpene lactone (SL) mix/parthenolide patch test positives among consecutive eczema patients OBJECTIVES: To report the results of patch test screening for Compositae sensitization in patients METHODS: Children and adolescents RESULTS: Among 388 children tested, 12 (3%) were Compositae-sensitized, and 11 (2.8%) had positive reactions to SL mix. Compositae mix 5% pet. elicited positive reactions in six of seven patients tested, and dandelion extract 2.5% pet. in six of 10 patients tested. The mean age of the five girls and seven boys was 9.4 years and 11.7 years, respectively. Eleven children had a personal and one a family history of atopy, and 11 children had hand eczema. Only two were mono-sensitized to Compositae.CONCLUSIONS: SL mix is a suitable screening agent among children and adolescents in our area, well supplemented with Compositae mix 5% and dandelion extract. The study emphasizes the importance of Compositae screening in children with a personal and/or family history of atopy, hand eczema or widespread airborne dermatitis, summer exacerbation, and plant exposure.
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- 2020
5. Synthetic hair extensions causing irritant contact dermatitis in patients with a history of atopy: A report of 10 cases
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Jennifer N. Rorex, Ncoza C. Dlova, Nkanyezi N. Ferguson, and Gail Todd
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medicine.medical_specialty ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Patch test ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Cosmetics ,Skin patch ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Female patient ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,In patient ,sense organs ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business ,media_common - Abstract
BACKGROUND We present a case series of 10, atopic, African women who developed irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) from synthetic hair extensions. METHODS Ten consecutive African female patients who presented with a pruritic cutaneous eruption on the neck over a period of 2 years are described. Patients underwent skin patch testing using both standard and hair commercial patch test panels and samples of their own hair extensions. Hair care products were not tested. RESULTS All 10 patients used synthetic hair extensions. A strong history of atopy was documented for all the patients and examination was significant for eczematous, lichenified plaques at the location of contact with the free end of the hair extension. Patch test results yielded no relevant reactivity and a diagnosis of ICD was made for all patients. The lesions resolved completely on removal of the hair extensions and the use of topical steroids and emollients, dependent on eczema severity. CONCLUSIONS Artificial hair extensions should be considered as a potential irritant, resulting in ICD. Patients with a history of atopy are at risk of developing ICD from synthetic hair extensions.
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- 2021
6. Skin reactions among Bulgarian dental students: A self‐report questionnaire survey
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Nikolai Georgiev, Atanas Chonin, Maria Dencheva, and Iliyana Stoeva
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Hand washing ,Students, Dental ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Logistic regression ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Young Adult ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Occupational Exposure ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Bulgaria ,Conjunctivitis, Allergic ,Asthma ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,Odds ratio ,medicine.disease ,Rhinitis, Allergic ,Confidence interval ,Skin reaction ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Family medicine ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,Self Report ,Gloves, Protective ,business ,Hand Disinfection - Abstract
Background Dental students are at high risk of developing adverse skin reactions following practical work during the dentistry degree program. They encounter multiple irritants and allergens that may cause skin reactions on exposed parts of the body, notably the hands. Objectives To estimate the prevalence of skin reactions related to the pre-clinical and clinical training courses of the dentistry program and associated risk factors in Bulgarian dental students. Method A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-report questionnaire. Results A total of 467 dental students completed the questionnaire (response 51.8%). The prevalence of self-reported skin symptoms was 21.2%. According to logistic regression analysis, the most important risk factors for work-related skin symptoms were a personal history of atopic dermatitis (odds ratio [OR] 3.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.99-7.72), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma (OR 1.94, 95%CI: 1.03-3.68), personal history of contact allergy (OR 2.19, 95%CI: 1.06-4.55), and hand washing >16 times a day (OR 2.42, 95%CI: 1.06-5.52). Conclusions The results of this study suggest that work-related skin symptoms are frequent among dental students and indicate the need to establish effective primary preventive programs for occupational skin disorders at a national level.
- Published
- 2019
7. Methylisothiazolinone allergic contact dermatitis: Assessment of relapses in 139 patients after avoidance advice
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Michel D'Incan, Bruno Pereira, Julie Waton, Marie-Christine Ferrier Le Bouedec, Pauline Bouschon, Jean-Luc Schmutz, Faculté de Médecine - Clermont-Auvergne (FM - UCA), Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Service de Dermatologie et Allergologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy (CHRU Nancy), service de Biostatistiques, DRCI, CHU Clermont-Ferrand, Imagerie Moléculaire et Stratégies Théranostiques (IMoST), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020]), Service de Dermatologie et Oncologie Cutanée [CHU Clermont-Ferrand], CHU Estaing [Clermont-Ferrand], and CHU Clermont-Ferrand-CHU Clermont-Ferrand
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Adult ,Male ,Poor prognosis ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,education ,[SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer ,contact dermatitis ,Dermatology ,Atopy ,Young Adult ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Recurrence ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Methylisothiazolinone ,Internal medicine ,hand dermatitis ,medicine ,Personal history ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,High rate ,business.industry ,methylisothiazolinone ,Retrospective cohort study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Thiazoles ,chemistry ,Hand eczema ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,prognosis ,business ,Disinfectants - Abstract
BACKGROUND Methylisothiazolinone (MI) is a preservative that is responsible for an epidemic of allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). Few studies have been published on the prognosis of patients with MI-induced ACD. OBJECTIVES To evaluate relapses of MI-induced ACD and difficulties in avoiding MI in patients who had received avoidance advice. METHODS A retrospective study of patients with MI-induced ACD diagnosed in two specialized dermato-allergology units between 2010 and 2015 was performed. The median follow-up was 3 years. RESULTS Relapses were observed in 64% of 139 included patients, and were severe in 18%. Rinse-off cosmetics were responsible for the largest proportion of relapses (27%). The median time to relapse was 5 months. Sixty-nine per cent of relapses were on the hands, and 29% were on the face. Risk factors for relapsing were hand eczema and a personal history of atopy. The main difficulties encountered in the avoidance strategy were hidden sources of MI, the lack of labelling on industrial products, the complexity of cosmetic labelling, and remembering the name of the allergen. CONCLUSION MI-induced ACD has a poor prognosis. Its high rate of relapse is mainly attributable to the difficulties of avoidance. Management needs to be improved. Specialized follow-up in the year following diagnosis is essential to educate patients.
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- 2019
8. Contact dermatitis caused by pharmaceutical ointments containing ‘ozonated’ olive oil
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Julien Lambert, An Goossens, Olivier Aerts, J. Leysen, and Niels Horst
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease ,01 natural sciences ,0104 chemical sciences ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Perioral dermatitis ,medicine ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Olive oil - Published
- 2016
9. Allergic contact dermatitis caused by cocamide diethanolamine
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Liesbeth Gilissen, An Goossens, and Sarien Mertens
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0301 basic medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Cocamidopropyl betaine ,business.industry ,030106 microbiology ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Cocamide DEA ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,chemistry ,medicine ,Cocamide MEA ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Cocamide ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
SummaryBackground Cocamide DEA (CAS no. 68603-42-9) is a non-ionic surfactant frequently used in industrial, household and cosmetic products for its foam-producing and stabilizing properties. Contact allergy has been reported quite rarely in the past, but recently several cases were published, raising the question of an increase in the frequency of allergic dermatitis caused by this substance. Objectives To describe cocamide DEA-allergic patients and their characteristics observed in our department. Methods Medical charts of patients, investigated between 1990 and December 2015, were retrospectively reviewed for cocamide DEA-allergy. Demographic characteristics and patch test results were analyzed. Results Out of 1767 patients tested, 18 (1%) presented with an allergic reaction to cocamide DEA, all of them at least with hand dermatitis. Twelve patients had (past) occupational exposure to cocamide DEA. Out of the 18 patients, 15 showed (most often) multiple positive reactions and 7 also suffered from atopic dermatitis. Conclusions Cocamide DEA allergy is relatively rare, despite frequent use, and an increasing trend was not observed. Reactions to cocamidopropyl betaine and cocamide MEA only occurred in some of the subjects tested. Shampoos and liquid hand soaps/cleansers dominated as sources of exposure. All patients presented with an impaired skin barrier due to atopic and/or previous contact dermatitis.
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- 2016
10. Filaggrin gene mutations in hand eczema patients in the Indian subcontinent: A prospective case-control study
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Parul Kamboj, Dipankar De, Arnab Pal, Geeti Khullar, and Sanjeev Handa
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Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,India ,Dermatology ,Hand Dermatoses ,Filaggrin Proteins ,medicine.disease_cause ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Filaggrin Gene ,Intermediate Filament Proteins ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Humans ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Prospective Studies ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Aged ,Mutation ,Polymorphism, Genetic ,business.industry ,S100 Proteins ,Case-control study ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Hand eczema ,Case-Control Studies ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Etiology ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Dermatitis, Irritant ,Female ,business - Abstract
Background There are no Indian studies on the association between filaggrin gene (FLG) mutations and any dermatosis, including hand eczema. Objectives To determine the prevalence of FLG mutations in Indian hand eczema patients, and examine associations between such mutations and any aetiological type of hand eczema. Materials and methods A total of 163 patients and 86 controls were included. Patients were categorized into aetiological subtypes of hand eczema. FLG polymorphisms (S2889X, 2282del4, R501X, and Q2417X) were determined in patients and controls, and correlated with subtypes. Results The prevalences of FLG mutations were 33.7% in cases and 3.5% in controls. Mutations in S2889X constituted 96.4% of all FLG mutations. No carrier of R501X and Q2417X mutations was identified. Among 55 patients with mutations, irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) with or without atopy was found in 22 patients, allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) with or without atopy was found in 12, and idiopathic hand eczema was found in 12. There was a significant association of FLG mutations with ICD with or without atopy, ACD without atopy, and idiopathic subtypes. FLG mutations were associated with more severe hand eczema. Conclusions S2889X mutation is commoner in patients than in controls. FLG polymorphisms are associated with specific subtypes of hand eczema and severe disease.
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- 2018
11. A retrospective investigation of hexavalent chromium allergy in southern Sweden
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Cecilia Svedman, Erik Zimerson, Tina Lejding, Ann Pontén, Marléne Isaksson, Magnus Bruze, Malin Engfeldt, and Martin Mowitz
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0301 basic medicine ,Nickel allergy ,Adult ,Chromium ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Atopic Rhinitis ,Dermatology ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Humans ,Hexavalent chromium ,Sex Distribution ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Potassium dichromate ,Retrospective Studies ,Sweden ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,Environmental Exposure ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,030104 developmental biology ,chemistry ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,business - Abstract
Background: Historically, allergic contact dermatitis caused by hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] in cement was the most common cause of invalidity attributable to skin disease in Sweden. Since the legislation to reduce Cr(VI) in cement was introduced in 1989, we rarely see allergic contact dermatitis caused by cement. Objectives: To examine the frequency of contact allergy to Cr(VI) in southern Sweden in 2005-2014. Methods: We investigated the occurrence of positive reactions to potassium dichromate 0.5% pet. in consecutively tested dermatitis patients, and compared the occurrence of atopic dermatitis, localization of dermatitis and simultaneous positive reactions to cobalt chloride and nickel sulfate in the Cr(VI)-positive patients with those in a group of patients with a similar age and sex distribution. Results: In total, 6482 patients were tested, and 233 Cr(VI)-allergic individuals were found (3.6%). A significantly higher proportion of atopic dermatitis was found among Cr(VI)-allergic patients, and a significantly higher share of foot dermatitis was found among Cr(VI)-allergic women, than among controls. Cr(VI) allergy was less likely when both nickel allergy and cobalt allergy were present. Conclusion: A relatively high frequency of contact allergy to Cr(VI) was found. The cause has shifted from cement exposure to other exposures, probably mainly leather. (Less)
- Published
- 2017
12. Clinical and epidemiological features of textile contact dermatitis:an Italian multicentre study
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Antonio Cristaudo, Paolo Lisi, Donatella Schena, Luca Stingeni, Monica Corazza, Leonardo Bianchi, Caterina Foti, Massimo Gola, and Paolo D. Pigatto
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Patch test ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Atopy ,Clinical history ,Epidemiology ,cardiovascular system ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Objective evaluation ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
SummaryBackground The prevalence of occupational and non-occupational textile dermatitis seems to be increasing, probably because of changed textile manufacturing techniques. Objective Evaluation of the clinical features and epidemiology of textile contact dermatitis (TCD) in Italy. Methods Demographic data, clinical history aspects, atopy and positive patch test reactions to occupational and non-occupational allergens were investigated in 277 textile dermatitis patients. Results Contact dermatitis was the most frequent clinical presentation (95.3%). TCD was more common in females, in the fourth to fifth decades of life, and in atopic dermatitis patients. The lesions were prevalently eczematous (74.2%), and mostly located on the trunk and lower limbs in non-occupational cases, and on the hands in textile workers. Allergic TCD (58.3%) was more frequent than irritant TCD. The dyes (Disperse Blue 124, Disperse Blue 106, and Disperse Yellow 3) were most frequently responsible (79.8%), especially in non-occupational TCD. Formaldehyde and resins were more important in occupational TCD. Concomitant reactions among textile dyes and/or finishing resins were observed in 50.0% of patients. Conclusions Some strategies (sensitization potential of new textile chemicals, more stable dyes, reduced levels of formaldehyde in clothing, and collaboration with textile industry and trade associations) should be adopted to decrease the TCD incidence and update the textile patch testing series.
- Published
- 2014
13. Periorbital dermatitis in 4779 patients - patch test results during a 10-year period
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Swen M. John, Johannes Geier, and Lilla Landeck
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,business.industry ,Patch test ,Dermatology ,Periorbital dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,3. Good health ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Allergen ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,030228 respiratory system ,Epidemiology ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Sensitization - Abstract
Summary Background The thinness of the periorbital skin may facilitate allergen penetration, making this area particularly susceptible to sensitization. Material and methods For the cross-sectional study, data were collected by the 57 participating centres of the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology. A total of 101 403 patients patch tested between January 2001 and December 2010 were included. Of these, 4779 patients suffered from periorbital dermatitis. Results Two major subgroups with different general epidemiological data and sensitization to specific allergens have to be considered: (i) young females with increased rates of skin atopy and allergies, particularly from cosmetic and skin care products; and (ii) older subjects with allergy to topical medications. The prevalence of sensitization to ophthalmic allergens is generally less than that to environmental allergens. Conclusions Allergic contact dermatitis is a leading cause of periorbital dermatitis. Patch testing should be considered in all patients with periorbital dermatitis when contact allergy is suspected, in order to identify and avoid offending allergens.
- Published
- 2013
14. Patch-test results in terms of the recently recommended allergens in children and adolescents: A retrospective cohort study over 22 years from Turkey.
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Yılmaz Z and Özkaya E
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Background: A European pediatric patch-test series was suggested recently., Objectives: To evaluate the patch-test results in children (<10-years-old) and adolescents (10- to 18-years-old) in Turkey, focusing on the clinical/occupational relevance and the diagnostic value of the recently suggested series., Patients and Methods: A retrospective cohort study on 317 consecutively patch-tested patients ≤18 years of age, between 1996 and 2017., Results: The contact sensitization rate was 46.1%. Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) was diagnosed in 30.9%, comprising non-occupational (84.7%) and occupational (15.3%) ACD. Nickel was the leading allergen in almost every age group. Methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (MCI/MI) was the clinically most relevant allergen, followed by p-phenylenediamine (PPD), ammonium persulfate, fragrance mix I, nickel sulfate, and mercury/mercury(II)amidochloride. Occupational ACD was most frequently seen in hairdresser apprentices (adolescents only) who were sensitized with PPD ± ammonium persulfate. ACD from MCI/MI increased to 5-fold, ammonium persulfate and mercurial compounds to 2-fold, and PPD to 1.7-fold after 2007. Almost one third of patients would be missed by testing only with the recommended allergens., Conclusions: For patch testing in Turkish children and adolescents, we suggest additionally testing with ammonium persulfate, mercury/mercury(II)amidochloride, toluenesulfonamide formaldehyde resin, and polyethylene glycol, the latter as a marker for nitrofurazone allergy, in appropriate patients., (© 2021 John Wiley & Sons A/S . Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
15. Analysis of patch test referrals: influence of appropriateness of referrals on sensitization rate
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Annarosa Virgili, Monica Corazza, Alessandro Borghi, and Lucia Mantovani
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Adult ,Male ,Myroxylon pereirae ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Referral ,selection of patients ,atopy ,MEDLINE ,Dermatology ,Unnecessary Procedures ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Patch testing ,Young Adult ,Allergy Unit ,contact sensitization ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Young adult ,Child ,Referral and Consultation ,Sensitization ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,potassium dichromate ,business.industry ,referrals for patch testing ,Patch test ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,Test (assessment) ,nickel sulfate ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Child, Preschool ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,hand ,allergic contact dermatitis ,dermatologist ,patch tests ,business - Abstract
BACKGROUND: Few studies have addressed the frequency and the consequences of the appropriateness of referrals for patch testing. OBJECTIVES: To analyse the appropriateness of referrals for patch testing among patients seen in the Allergy Unit, University of Ferrara, and to evaluate whether this selection influences the results of the test. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One thousand six hundred and twenty-seven consecutive patients were enrolled, and 1528 patients were patch tested. On the basis of the history and clinical picture, the appropriateness of referrals for patch testing was judged. RESULTS: Of the patients, 82.30% attended the Allergy Unit with a clinical presentation and/or history considered to be an appropriate indication for patch testing. The rate of appropriate referrals for patch testing from dermatologists was significantly higher (p < 0.001) than that for referrals from other physicians. The sensitization rate was significantly higher among the appropriate referrals than among the inappropriate ones, both in the entire sample (p < 0.001) and in atopic patients (p = 0.012). CONCLUSIONS: Clinical experience was seen to be crucial for the appropriate selection of patients. Furthermore, appropriate referral for patch testing was shown to influence the sensitization rate.
- Published
- 2011
16. Hand dermatitis among university hospital nursing staff with or without atopic eczema: assessment of risk factors
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Hung-Pin Tu, Cheng-Che E. Lan, Yi-Wei Lu, Wan-Chen Li, Hsin-Su Yu, Chien-Hung Lee, Ching-Shuang Wu, Gwo-Shing Chen, and Ying-Chin Ko
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Adult ,Male ,Hand washing ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Nursing staff ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Nursing Staff, Hospital ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Risk-Taking ,Risk Factors ,Occupational Exposure ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Risk factor ,business.industry ,University hospital ,medicine.disease ,body regions ,Logistic Models ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Hand dermatitis ,Female ,Observational study ,Gloves, Protective ,business - Abstract
Background. Nurses are prone to develop hand dermatitis. Although an atopic constitution has been identified as a genetic risk factor, the behavioural risk factors associated with hand dermatitis in wet work conditions have not been fully explored. Objectives. This study aimed to clarify the impact of atopic eczema (fulfilling the diagnostic criteria during the past 1 year) on the occurrence of hand dermatitis and to identify the behavioural risk factors among non-atopic nurses with hand dermatitis. Methods. From August 2007 to July 2009, nurses from Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital were recruited. The associations between different risk factors and hand dermatitis were documented. In addition, the behavioural risk factors among non-atopic nurses were evaluated via observational study. Results. One thousand one hundred and thirty-two nurses participated in the first part of the study, which revealed that individuals with atopic eczema had a 3.76-fold increased risk for hand dermatitis. However, among 248 nurses with hand dermatitis, only 43 had atopic eczema. The observational study performed on 140 non-atopic nurses identified frequency of hand washing as the behavioural risk factor associated with hand dermatitis. Conclusions. Although atopic eczema is the major risk factor for hand dermatitis, those with atopic eczema constitute only 17% of nurses with hand dermatitis. Decreasing hand washing frequency is the most effective strategy to reduce the occurrence of hand dermatitis among non-atopic nurses.
- Published
- 2010
17. Determinants of current hand eczema: results from case-control studies nested in the PACO follow-up study (PACO II)
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Thomas L. Diepgen, Ulrich Funke, Christian Apfelbacher, and Magda Radulescu
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Adult ,Male ,Pediatrics ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Eczema ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Cohort Studies ,Atopy ,Risk Factors ,immune system diseases ,Internal medicine ,Epidemiology ,Prevalence ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,Epoxy Resins ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,Diathesis ,medicine.disease ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Hand eczema ,Case-Control Studies ,Cohort ,Solvents ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Follow-Up Studies ,Cohort study - Abstract
Background: Hand eczema is often a result of the interplay of exogenous and endogenous risk factors. Epidemiological studies demonstrating the interrelationship between these factors are lacking. Objective: To analyse risk factors associated with current hand eczema and current irritant hand eczema in two case–control studies nested in a long-term follow-up study in the car industry. Patients/Materials/Methods: Eligible participants were individuals who had been followed until the end of their apprenticeship in the original cohort study (1990–1998, N = 1909). Participants were interviewed and underwent dermatological examination. Two case–control studies were nested within the cohort, one using current hand eczema cases (n = 110) and one using current irritant hand eczema cases (n = 57). Multivariable modelling was performed. Results: The only significant finding was a positive association of atopic skin diathesis with hand eczema in both studies. Wet work ≥2 hr/day was positively related to current irritant hand eczema. Age and having an office job were inversely related to hand eczema. Conclusions: Atopic skin diathesis was the most important determinant of hand eczema. Constitution seems to play a dominant role compared with environmental and occupational hazards in a setting where skin protection measures are well established.
- Published
- 2010
18. The epidemiology of hand eczema in the general population - prevalence and main findings
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Jeanne D. Johansen, Torkil Menné, Allan Linneberg, and Jacob P. Thyssen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Population ,Eczema ,Prevalence ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Young Adult ,Sex Factors ,Nickel ,Risk Factors ,immune system diseases ,Epidemiology ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Risk factor ,Child ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,education ,Aged ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Incidence (epidemiology) ,Infant ,Atopic dermatitis ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Hand eczema ,Child, Preschool ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,business - Abstract
Numerous studies have investigated the prevalence and risk factors of hand eczema in the general population. These studies are of high value as they tend to be less biased than studies using clinical populations and as they are important for healthcare decision makers when they allocate resources. This study aimed to review the epidemiology of hand eczema in the general population. Literature was examined using Pubmed-Medline, Biosis, Science Citation Index, and dermatology text books. On the basis of studies performed between 1964 and 2007, the point prevalence of hand eczema was around 4%, the 1-year prevalence nearly 10%, whereas the lifetime prevalence reached 15%. Based on seven studies, the median incidence rate of hand eczema was 5.5 cases/1000 person-years (women = 9.6 and men = 4.0). A high incidence rate was associated with female sex, contact allergy, atopic dermatitis, and wet work. Atopic dermatitis was the single most important risk factor for hand eczema. Hand eczema resulted in medical consultations in 70%, sick leave (> 7 days) in about 20%, and job change in about 10%. Mean sick time was longer among those with allergic hand eczema than those with atopic and irritant hand eczema. Moderate to severe extension of hand eczema was the strongest risk factor for persistence of hand eczema. Other risk factors included early onset of hand eczema and childhood eczema. The aetiology of hand eczema is multifactorial and includes environmental as well as genetic factors. Future studies should focus on unresolved areas of hand eczema, for example, genetic predisposition.
- Published
- 2010
19. A 6-month follow-up study of 1048 patients diagnosed with an occupational skin disease
- Author
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Antti Lauerma, Päivikki Susitaival, Ritva Luukkonen, Kristiina Aalto-Korte, Riitta Jolanki, Tarja Mälkönen, and Kristiina Alanko
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Urticaria ,Occupational disease ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Occupational safety and health ,Atopy ,Occupational medicine ,Sex Factors ,Risk Factors ,Internal medicine ,Respiratory Hypersensitivity ,medicine ,Food Industry ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Occupations ,Finland ,business.industry ,Age Factors ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,Discontinuation ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Hand eczema ,Physical therapy ,Female ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background: Occupational skin diseases (OSDs) often have considerable medical and occupational consequences. Previous data on prognostic factors have been derived from studies with fairly small sample sizes. Objectives: To determine the medical and occupational outcome in 1048 patients diagnosed with OSD at the Finnish Institute of Occupational Health and to identify the prognostic risk factors for the continuation of OSD. Methods: Patients examined in 1994–2001 filled out a follow-up questionnaire 6 months after the diagnosis. Data on atopy, contact allergies, and occupation were analysed. Results: Six months after the diagnosis the skin disease had healed in 27% of the patients. The OSD had cleared up in 17% of those with no changes at work, and in 34% of those who had changed their job/occupation. The best clearing had occurred in the patients with contact urticaria (35%), whereas the healing of allergic (27%) and irritant (23%) contact dermatitis was similar. The risk factors for continuing occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) were no changes in work, age > 45 years, food-related occupations, respiratory atopy, and male sex. Conclusions: The healing of OSD was associated with discontinuation of the causative exposure. A change in work and the presence of easily avoidable work-related allergies were associated with a good prognosis.
- Published
- 2009
20. Skin reactions among Bulgarian dental students: A self-report questionnaire survey.
- Author
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Stoeva I, Dencheva M, Georgiev N, and Chonin A
- Subjects
- Adult, Asthma epidemiology, Bulgaria epidemiology, Conjunctivitis, Allergic epidemiology, Dermatitis, Allergic Contact epidemiology, Dermatitis, Atopic epidemiology, Dermatitis, Occupational etiology, Female, Gloves, Protective statistics & numerical data, Hand Dermatoses etiology, Hand Disinfection, Humans, Male, Occupational Exposure adverse effects, Occupational Exposure prevention & control, Prevalence, Rhinitis, Allergic epidemiology, Risk Factors, Self Report, Young Adult, Dermatitis, Occupational epidemiology, Hand Dermatoses epidemiology, Occupational Exposure statistics & numerical data, Students, Dental statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Dental students are at high risk of developing adverse skin reactions following practical work during the dentistry degree program. They encounter multiple irritants and allergens that may cause skin reactions on exposed parts of the body, notably the hands., Objectives: To estimate the prevalence of skin reactions related to the pre-clinical and clinical training courses of the dentistry program and associated risk factors in Bulgarian dental students., Method: A cross-sectional study was performed using a self-report questionnaire., Results: A total of 467 dental students completed the questionnaire (response 51.8%). The prevalence of self-reported skin symptoms was 21.2%. According to logistic regression analysis, the most important risk factors for work-related skin symptoms were a personal history of atopic dermatitis (odds ratio [OR] 3.92, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.99-7.72), allergic rhinoconjunctivitis and/or asthma (OR 1.94, 95%CI: 1.03-3.68), personal history of contact allergy (OR 2.19, 95%CI: 1.06-4.55), and hand washing >16 times a day (OR 2.42, 95%CI: 1.06-5.52)., Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that work-related skin symptoms are frequent among dental students and indicate the need to establish effective primary preventive programs for occupational skin disorders at a national level., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Classification of atopic hand eczema and the filaggrin mutations
- Author
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Charlotte Giwercman, Hans Bisgaard, Anne Lerbaek, and Torkil Menné
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Disease ,Filaggrin Proteins ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Intermediate Filament Proteins ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Genetic Predisposition to Disease ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,integumentary system ,business.industry ,Incidence ,Atopic dermatitis ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,body regions ,Gene Expression Regulation ,Hand eczema ,Mutation ,Immunology ,Female ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,Filaggrin - Abstract
Hand eczema is a common disease with various risk factors of which atopic dermatitis is known to be one of the most important. Recently, two mutations in the gene coding for filaggrin, a protein important for the skin barrier, have repeatedly been shown to be associated with atopic dermatitis. Moreover, one study point towards an association between the filaggrin null alleles and the subgroup of patients having both hand eczema and atopic dermatitis. For the remainder of hand eczema patients, still unknown genetic risk factors exist. We propose that in future, classification of atopic hand eczema should distinguish between patients with and without the filaggrin null alleles and to further differentiate between associations with type I allergy, type IV allergy and exposure to irritants, respectively. Furthermore, we suggest future studies of atopic hand eczema to analyse for the filaggrin mutations. We believe this will increase the possibility of subgrouping this otherwise heterogenic disease and thereby enable a better phenotype-genotype characterization of hand eczema. This could improve the preventive initiatives, secure better information of patients about the prognosis for their disease, and possibly enable targeted treatment.
- Published
- 2008
22. Ciclosporin in parthenium dermatitis - a report of 2 cases
- Author
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CR Srinivas, Chembolli Lakshmi, and Alamelu Jayaraman
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,India ,Dermatology ,Tanacetum parthenium ,Immunoenzyme Techniques ,Atopy ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Aged ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,Immunoglobulin E ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,Ciclosporin ,Type IV hypersensitivity ,Treatment Outcome ,Delayed hypersensitivity ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Immunology ,Cyclosporine ,Dermatologic Agents ,business ,Facial Dermatoses ,Type I hypersensitivity ,medicine.drug - Published
- 2008
23. Atopy and contact allergy to fragrance: allergic reactions to the fragrance mix I (the Larsen mix)
- Author
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Ian R. White, Denis Kan-King-Yu, John McFadden, Deirdre A. Buckley, David A. Basketter, and Jonathan L. M. White
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Medical Records Systems, Computerized ,Dermatology ,Atopy ,Risk Factors ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Sex Distribution ,Family history ,Fragrance mix ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,Asthma ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Allergens ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,United Kingdom ,Perfume ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Immunology ,Hay fever ,Female ,Maximum Allowable Concentration ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Background: The relationship between an atopic diathesis and contact sensitization to fragrances is unclear. Objective: To investigate whether there is an association between atopy and allergy to fragrance mix I (FM I). Patients/Methods: The computerized files of patients patch tested to FM I at St John’s Institute of Dermatology (1980–2004) were reviewed. Demographic details recorded for all patch-tested patients included age, sex, date of testing, history of current or previous atopic eczema (AE), history of current or previous asthma nor hay fever (A/HF), family history (FH) of any type of atopy, and any positive patch tests. Results: About 8.4% of females (1713/20 338) and 6.6% of males (903/13 734) were allergic to FM I. About 8.95% (101/1129) of females with AE were allergic to FM I versus 8.63% (619/7171) of females who had neither AE and A/HF nor FH (non-atopics) (P = 0.72). About 5.6% (40/710) of males with AE were positive to FM I versus 6.9% (427/6201) of male non-atopics (P = 0.23). There was a striking increase in AE and A/HF during this 25-year period (P
- Published
- 2008
24. Sesquiterpene lactone dermatitis in the young: is atopy a risk factor?
- Author
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Evy Paulsen, Klaus Ejner Andersen, and Aksel Otkjaer
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Allergy ,Pathology ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Taraxacum ,Dermatology ,Asteraceae ,Sesquiterpene lactone ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Lactones ,Risk Factors ,Immunopathology ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Risk factor ,Child ,Sensitization ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,Plant Extracts ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Child, Preschool ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,business ,Sesquiterpenes ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Udgivelsesdato: 2008-Jul Screening for Compositae contact allergy has documented fairly high prevalence in adults, and recent studies indicate that the allergy may be more common in children than previously believed. However, detailed information on sensitization in this age group is sparse. The objective of this study was to present another 2 cases in children and review the literature. Screening with sesquiterpene lactone (SL) mix has shown prevalence of 0.5% and 1.8% in 2 studies, while screening with 2 different Compositae mixes detected 4.2% and 2.6% positives among children and adolescents. All individual case reports describe sensitization in atopic children, and the largest screening study showed a prevalence of Compositae mix sensitization that was significantly higher in children with atopic dermatitis compared with non-atopics. Compositae sensitization should be considered in children with a family or personal history of atopy, summer-related, or -exacerbated dermatitis of any kind, and a history of plant exposure. Screening with SL mix is recommended but should be supplemented with plant extracts based on exposure history. Compositae weeds, especially dandelions, seem to be important sensitizers in children.
- Published
- 2008
25. Hand eczema: causes, course, and prognosis II
- Author
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Grete Laurberg, Thais Hattel, and Niels K. Veien
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Denmark ,Eczema ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Dermatitis, Contact ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Risk Factors ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,Middle Aged ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Hand eczema ,Private practice ,Chronic Disease ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Female ,Gloves, Protective ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Background: Hand eczema is a common dermatosis. The course is often protracted. The prognosis is not well described. Objective: To describe in detail a consecutive cohort of hand eczema patients with regard to aetiology and morphology as well as the dynamics of the hand eczema. Patients and Methods: This prospective study included 522 consecutive patients (175 men and 347 women with hand eczema) seen in 1 year in a private practice of dermatology. 425 (81%) of the patients were patch tested in relation to the current study. Most of the remainder had been previously patch tested. Results: 38% had mild dermatitis, 49% had dermatitis of moderate severity, and 11% had severe dermatitis. 23% had had dermatitis for more than 10 years. 33% had irritant contact dermatitis, 13% of the men and 20% of the women had allergic contact dermatitis, and 15% of the men and 16% of the women had atopic dermatitis. For 34% of the men and 29% of the women, the dermatitis was certainly or possibly occupational. There was no relationship to smoking. Conclusions: The majority of this cohort of hand eczema patients had long-standing disease. Irritant contact dermatitis was the most common aetiological diagnosis.
- Published
- 2008
26. Self-reported skin symptoms in metal workers
- Author
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Päivikki Susitaival, Katri Suuronen, Kristiina Alanko, Riita Jolanki, and Ritva Luukkonen
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Risk Assessment ,Occupational medicine ,Atopy ,Recurrence ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Finland ,business.industry ,medicine.disease ,Logistic Models ,Mood ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Case-Control Studies ,Chemical Industry ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Metallurgy ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Female ,business ,Risk assessment ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Machinists and machine maintenance men working in the metal industry use metal-working fluids capable of causing irritant and allergic contact dermatitis. The objectives of this study were to find out the frequency of skin symptoms in machinists and machine maintenance men (metal workers) and to compare the risk of their skin symptoms to that in office workers (controls). A total of 726 male metal workers and 84 controls answered a structured telephone questionnaire enquiring about work, atopy, skin symptoms, their impact on life, etc. The risk of skin symptoms compared with that in the controls was estimated using a logistic regression analysis. Of the metal workers, 20% reported recurring or prolonged dermatitis on their hands or forearms during the past 12 months. The hand or forearm dermatitis (HD) affected mostly the metal workers' mood and their activities at work. Recurring dermatitis elsewhere (DE) than in the hands and in connection with work was reported by 10%. The risk of HD was about twofold and the risk of DE was about fourfold compared with that in the controls. The HD of machinists may be severe and affect their ability to work. DE may have clinical significance in machinists.
- Published
- 2007
27. Contact sensitivity and atopic dermatitis: association with prognosis, a follow-up study in 801 atopic patients
- Author
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K. Lammintausta, Leeni Mäkelä, and Kirsti Kalimo
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Nickel allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Balsam of Peru ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Finland ,business.industry ,Follow up studies ,Atopic dermatitis ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,Facial Dermatoses - Abstract
The influence of contact sensitivities on the course of atopic dermatitis (AD) is not known. The objective of the study is to find the course of AD in atopic patients with and without contact sensitivities. A total of 801 atopic patients were studied and patch tested in 1983/84. A questionnaire focusing on the occurrence of dermatitis was sent to these patients 16 years later. During the follow up the number of symptom-free patients increased from 36.7% to 40.7%. In patients with positive patch-test reactions, 30.1% were symptom free in 1983/84 and 38.3% at the follow up (P= 0.001). Among those with positive patch-test reactions to fragrance mix and/or balsam of Peru, the number of symptom-free patients had increased the most: from 26.9% to 42.6% (P= 0.0095), and a similar tendency was seen among those with nickel allergy. The occurrence of dermatitis did not change among patients without contact sensitivities. Thus, the study concluded that contact allergy does not impair the prognosis of dermatitis in atopic patients.
- Published
- 2007
28. Cutaneous hypersensitivity to Malassezia sympodialis and dust mite in adult atopic dermatitis with a textile pattern
- Author
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George Skandamis, Mahmoud A. Ghannoum, Thomas S. McCormick, Susan T. Nedorost, Haydee M. Ramirez De Knott, Mark D. Schluchter, Kevin D. Cooper, and Katrin Kalka
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Adolescent ,Dermatology ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Th2 Cells ,Immunopathology ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,Antigens, Dermatophagoides ,RNA, Messenger ,Aged ,Protein contact dermatitis ,Aged, 80 and over ,Malassezia ,biology ,Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ,business.industry ,Pyroglyphidae ,Atopic dermatitis ,Allergens ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,Th1 Cells ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Case-Control Studies ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Malassezia sympodialis ,Immunology ,Female ,business ,Head ,Contact dermatitis ,Neck - Abstract
Atopic dermatitis (AD) patients with predominantly head and neck involvement react to patch tests of the yeast Malassezia sympodialis (Ms). Protein patch testing methods and interpretation are controversial, but subgroups of AD patients may have unique triggers for disease activity. The aim of the study was to identify clinical characteristics of patients who are patch test-positive to Dermatophagoides farinae/pteronyssinus (Df) and Ms and characterize cutaneous cytokine profiles of the atopy patch tests (APTs). 25 AD patients and 27 control dermatitis patients were patch tested with Ms and Df. Qualitative analysis of Th-1 and Th-2 cytokines by RT-PCR mRNA was obtained from positive APTs. Atopic dermatitis patients with a textile pattern or head and neck involvement demonstrated more positive APTs to Ms than control patients. Early positive APTs (
- Published
- 2006
29. Contact allergy and respiratory/mucosal complaints from heroin (diacetylmorphine)
- Author
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D. P. Bruynzeel, J.M. van Ree, Pieter Jan Coenraads, S. van der Heide, A. J. Hogen Esch, W. van den Brink, Amsterdam Neuroscience, Adult Psychiatry, Faculteit Medische Wetenschappen/UMCG, and Public Health Research (PHR)
- Subjects
ADDICTS ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Health Personnel ,Respiratory Tract Diseases ,atopy ,Dermatology ,CODEINE ,nurses ,MORPHINE ,Heroin ,Atopy ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Internal medicine ,mental disorders ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,occupational ,OPIUM ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Netherlands ,diacetylmorphine ,business.industry ,Codeine ,airborne ,Diacetylmorphine ,Allergens ,Immunoglobulin E ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,Rash ,Surgery ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,RASH ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,contact allergy ,cross-sensitivity ,IgE ,Substance Abuse Treatment Centers ,medicine.symptom ,allergic contact dermatitis ,business ,OCCUPATIONAL DERMATITIS ,Contact dermatitis ,Facial Dermatoses ,medicine.drug - Abstract
After the start of heroin (diacetylmorphine)-assisted treatment to a selected group of chronic treatment-resistant heroin-dependent patients in the Netherlands, we reported about work-related eczema and positive patch tests to heroin in some nurses and nasal and respiratory complaints. To investigate the prevalence of heroin contact allergy, we started a questionnaire-based study with follow-up by allergological examinations. Of 120 questionnaires sent, 101 (84%) was returned: 67 from nurses and 34 from other employees. Of 101 workers, 38 (38%) had reported work-related complaints: 33 of 67 (49%) nurses and 5 of 34 (15%) other employees. Patch tests to heroin were performed in 24 nurses and were positive in 8 (33%). All the 8 had eyelid or facial eczema and, in 6, accompanied by mucosal or respiratory complaints. The prevalence of heroin contact allergy in this study was 8% (8/101) among all employees and 12% (8/67) among nurses. Respiratory and mucosal complaints could not be ascribed to a contact allergy, and in these cases, serum was analysed for specific immunoglobulin E to heroin. A type 1 allergy to heroin could not be shown. These complaints are possibly due to the histamine-liberating effect of heroin, to atopic constitution, to a combination of these factors or - less likely - to other non-allergic factors.
- Published
- 2006
30. Contact allergy and respiratory/mucosal complaints from heroin (diacetylmorphine)
- Subjects
ADDICTS ,diacetylmorphine ,atopy ,airborne ,CODEINE ,nurses ,MORPHINE ,RASH ,mental disorders ,contact allergy ,cross-sensitivity ,IgE ,occupational ,OPIUM ,allergic contact dermatitis ,heroin ,OCCUPATIONAL DERMATITIS - Abstract
After the start of heroin (diacetylmorphine)-assisted treatment to a selected group of chronic treatment-resistant heroin-dependent patients in the Netherlands, we reported about work-related eczema and positive patch tests to heroin in some nurses and nasal and respiratory complaints. To investigate the prevalence of heroin contact allergy, we started a questionnaire-based study with follow-up by allergological examinations. Of 120 questionnaires sent, 101 (84%) was returned: 67 from nurses and 34 from other employees. Of 101 workers, 38 (38%) had reported work-related complaints: 33 of 67 (49%) nurses and 5 of 34 (15%) other employees. Patch tests to heroin were performed in 24 nurses and were positive in 8 (33%). All the 8 had eyelid or facial eczema and, in 6, accompanied by mucosal or respiratory complaints. The prevalence of heroin contact allergy in this study was 8% (8/101) among all employees and 12% (8/67) among nurses. Respiratory and mucosal complaints could not be ascribed to a contact allergy, and in these cases, serum was analysed for specific immunoglobulin E to heroin. A type 1 allergy to heroin could not be shown. These complaints are possibly due to the histamine-liberating effect of heroin, to atopic constitution, to a combination of these factors or - less likely - to other non-allergic factors.
- Published
- 2006
31. Occupational skin disease in Sweden - a 12-year follow-up
- Author
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Gunborg Lindahl, B. Bengtsson, Karin Wrangsjö, Birgitta Meding, and R. Lantto
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Occupational disease ,Dermatology ,Disease ,medicine.disease ,Disability pension ,Logistic regression ,Atopy ,Occupational medicine ,Hand eczema ,Sick leave ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Demography - Abstract
The aim of this project was to study the long-term prognosis of occupational skin diseases in Sweden. In 1999, a questionnaire was sent to 623/655 individuals who in 1987 reported occupational skin disease to the Social Insurance Office. 394 answered the questionnaire, and 123 non-responders were interviewed by telephone, giving 517 participants (83%), 323 females and 194 males. 85% reported skin symptoms after 1987, 70% during the previous year. 28% considered themselves recovered, of those with nickel allergy only 12%. In a logistic regression model, skin atopy was the strongest unfavourable factor for the prognosis followed by contact allergy and female sex. 66% had consulted a doctor after 1987 and the majority, 82%, had performed occupational changes - most common was change of jobs, 44%. Those who had changed jobs reported less sick leave. The conclusion is that occupational skin diseases have a clear tendency to end up as chronic conditions with a majority reporting symptoms at a 12-year follow-up. The skin disease had influenced the occupational situation for the majority (82%) and for 15% resulted in exclusion from the labour market through unemployment or disability pension.
- Published
- 2005
32. Cutaneous hypersensitivity to Candida albicans in idiopathic vulvodynia
- Author
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Thomas S. McCormick, Kevin D. Cooper, Wendy A. Goodman, Shaheen Oshtory Do, Mahmoud A. Ghannoum, Haydee M. Ramirez De Knott, and Susan T. Nedorost
- Subjects
Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Dermatology ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Candida albicans ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal ,Protein contact dermatitis ,biology ,business.industry ,Atopic dermatitis ,Allergens ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Corpus albicans ,Case-Control Studies ,Immunology ,Vulvodynia ,Female ,Vulvar Diseases ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
We have observed that the majority of our vulvodynia patients give a previous history of vaginal candidiasis that was treated but was followed by symptoms of chronic vulvodynia. 27 vulvodynia patients were patch-tested to a standard series of contact allergens, a customized vulvar series and commensal organisms including ultraviolet-killed Candida albicans. Comparison tests for the commensal organism were made to a group of 13 female atopic dermatitis patients and to 19 female dermatitis patients without a history of childhood flexural dermatitis who were undergoing patch test evaluation in our clinic. Patients reporting vulvodynia were significantly (P < 0.05) more likely to react to C. albicans than the dermatitis comparison group. Interestingly, lower concentrations of C. albicans caused more positive patch tests than higher concentrations. Our findings suggest that previous C. albicans infection may predispose patients to a subsequent hypersensitivity response to C. albicans that is expressed only in areas of high cutaneous peripheral fibre density. Low levels of C. albicans may also be required to elicit this response as high levels of C. albicans may actually result in decreased cutaneous inflammation and decreased intensity of C. albicans patch test responses.
- Published
- 2005
33. The prognosis of occupational contact dermatitis in 2004
- Author
-
Tessa Keegel, Rosemary Nixon, and Jennifer Cahill
- Subjects
Employment ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Dermatology ,Disease ,Atopy ,Occupational medicine ,Cost of Illness ,Patient Education as Topic ,Quality of life ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Intensive care medicine ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Wound Healing ,business.industry ,Prognosis ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Quality of Life ,Etiology ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Workers' Compensation ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
The prognosis of occupational contact dermatitis (OCD) takes into account the extent of healing, effect on quality of life and employment, and financial costs for both the individual and the wider community. We reviewed 15 studies published between 1958 and 2002, reporting the complete clearance of dermatitis (range of 18-72%). 9 of the 15 studies reported a clearance rate of between 18 and 40%. Improvement was reported as an outcome in 3 studies between 1991 and 2002 (range of 70-84%). A number of common variables were identified as of possible influence. These include age, sex, atopy, patient knowledge, disease aetiology, duration of symptoms and job change; clinical, financial and social issues are also described. All of these factors need to be considered when managing a patient with OCD. Improved patient knowledge and early diagnosis may be associated with improved prognosis, whereas job change does not make a significant difference. Some patients will develop persistent post-occupational dermatitis, which has important implications for prognosis and workers' compensation. Only a small proportion of eligible patients receive workers' compensation, even though financially supported healing time soon after diagnosis may result in an improved prognosis.
- Published
- 2004
34. Frequency of contact allergy in German children and adolescents patch tested between 1995 and 2002: results from the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology and the German Contact Dermatitis Research Group
- Author
-
Axel Schnuch, Margitta Worm, Guido Heine, and Wolfgang Uter
- Subjects
Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Time Factors ,Adolescent ,Population ,Dermatology ,Bufexamac ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,Age Distribution ,0302 clinical medicine ,Risk Factors ,Germany ,Epidemiology ,Prevalence ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,education ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Aged ,Retrospective Studies ,education.field_of_study ,Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ,business.industry ,Patch test ,Allergens ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,3. Good health ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Female ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) affects approximately 7% of the general population. To evaluate the frequency of ACD in children, we analysed patch test results collected by the Information Network of Departments of Dermatology between 1995 and 2002. Data of 285 children (6-12 year) and 2175 adolescent patients (13-18 year) were analysed to determine the frequency of sensitization to the 30 most common contact allergens, adjusting for age and sex. As control group, we defined adult patients (60-66 year, n = 7904). The top allergens in children were thimerosal, gentamicin sulphate, nickel-II-sulphate, ammoniated mercury, cobalt-II-chloride, fragrance mix, bufexamac, Compositae mix, propylene glycol and turpentine. The overall proportion of sensitized patients according to the patch test results was 52.6% in the children group compared to 49.7% in the adolescent group. These findings were similar in the adult group at 52.2%. The detailed analysis regarding sex, occupation, atopy, site of eczema and age showed distinct patterns in each group indicating age-specific exposures. Atopy-related diseases were more common in children compared to adults. On the basis of the data of this study, the relationship between atopy and the risk of development of ACD, at least in children, needs further investigation.
- Published
- 2004
35. Occupational skin diseases among dental nurses
- Author
-
Riitta Jolanki, Kristiina Alanko, Lasse Kanerva, and Päivikki Susitaival
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Latex Hypersensitivity ,Urticaria ,Population ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Dental Assistants ,Interviews as Topic ,Occupational medicine ,Atopy ,Dental Materials ,Surveys and Questionnaires ,Onychomycosis ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,education ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Finland ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Dental Assistant ,Masks ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Telephone interview ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Dermatitis, Irritant ,Methacrylates ,business ,Facial Dermatoses ,Hand Disinfection - Abstract
Out of 923 female dental nurses in the Helsinki district, 799 were interviewed using a computer-assisted telephone interview. A structured questionnaire was used to inquire about skin, respiratory symptoms, atopy, work history and methods, and exposure at work. The 328 nurses, who reported work-related dermatitis on their hands, forearms or face, were invited to an interview by an occupational physician; 245 nurses participated. 31 nurses had previously been diagnosed with an occupational skin disease (OSD). 133 nurses with a suspected OSD were selected for further clinical examinations with prick and patch testing. Among the 107 nurses examined, 22 new cases of OSD were diagnosed. There were altogether 29 cases of allergic contact dermatitis, 15 of contact urticaria, 12 of irritant contact dermatitis, and 1 case of onychomycosis. Rubber chemicals and natural rubber latex (NRL) in protective gloves, as well as dental-restorative plastic materials [(meth)acrylates], were the most common causes of allergy. 42% of the OSD cases in the studied population had been missing from the statistics (Finnish Register of Occupational Diseases). Plastic gloves or NRL gloves with a low-protein content are recommended for dental work. Skin exposure to (meth)acrylates should be avoided.
- Published
- 2004
36. Reproducibility of atopy patch tests with Dermatophagoides: a study on 85 patients with atopic dermatitis
- Author
-
Stefania Seidenari and Francesca Giusti
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Dermatology ,Patch testing ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,medicine ,Animals ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,In patient ,Antigens, Dermatophagoides ,Child ,reproducibility ,Mites ,Reproducibility ,atopic dermatitis ,business.industry ,Infant ,Reproducibility of Results ,Diagnostic test ,Atopic dermatitis ,Allergens ,Middle Aged ,Patch Tests ,Dust mites ,dermatophagoides ,medicine.disease ,patch test ,Child, Preschool ,Female ,business - Abstract
Atopy patch tests (APTs) are considered a useful addition to standard testing procedures for the identification of allergens triggering the appearance of eczema in patients with atopic dermatitis (AD). The aim of the study was to evaluate the reproducibility of APTs with house dust mites by simultaneously patch testing AD patients. 85 subjects affected by AD, 36 males and 48 females, aged from 1 to 52 years, were patch tested with Dermatophagoides mix (D. pteron/D. farinae) 20% pet. In our patients, the percentage of agreement between the frequency of positive and negative responses to Dermatophagoides mix was 96.7%. Reproducibility was highly satisfactory, as evaluated by k-value (0.953). As regards the agreement in the intensity of APT responses to Dermatophagoides mix between the right and left sides, we found that reproducibility was also highly satisfactory (k = 0.851). In conclusion, for Dermatophagoides APTs, the agreement rate was similar to that of standard patch tests, and therefore APTs may be considered sufficiently reproducible to be employed as a diagnostic testing procedure.
- Published
- 2004
37. Patch-test reaction patterns in patients with a predisposition to atopic dermatitis
- Author
-
Axel Schnuch, Jochen Brasch, and Wolfgang Uter
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ,Dermatology ,Irritability ,Dermatitis, Atopic ,Atopy ,Fixatives ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,0302 clinical medicine ,Ammonia ,Formaldehyde ,Germany ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Coloring Agents ,Potassium dichromate ,Retrospective Studies ,Lanolin ,business.industry ,Case-control study ,Patch test ,Atopic dermatitis ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,Perfume ,3. Good health ,body regions ,chemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,Mercuric Chloride ,Female ,Potassium Dichromate ,Disease Susceptibility ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Facial Dermatoses ,Disinfectants - Abstract
Patients with a predisposition to atopic dermatitis often need to be patch tested in order to detect possible contact sensitization. However, it is unknown whether immunologic or other peculiarities of atopic skin are related to altered patch-test reaction patterns. Our study was aimed at answering this question, because patch-test reaction patterns are of considerable practical importance in the reading and interpretation of patch tests. Therefore, we compared patterns of patch-test reactions in patients with a predisposition to atopic dermatitis and in control patients matched for sex, age, reason for testing and test centre. Patch-test results from 9 centres (2322 patients with a disposition to atopic dermatitis and 2126 matched controls) were evaluated retrospectively. All patients were tested with nickel sulfate, fragrance mix, potassium dichromate, lanolin alcohol, formaldehyde and mercury ammonium chloride. Patch tests applied for 1 day with readings on days 1, 2 and 3 were evaluated in order to cover the early phase of the reactions. Not unexpectedly, we found that, compared to the matched controls, patients with a predisposition to atopic dermatitis tended to have more doubtful and irritant reactions on day 1. As a new observation, it turned out that they had less reactions of crescendo pattern and more strong reactions on day 3. All these differences were slight/insignificant. A higher skin irritability in patients with a predisposition to atopic dermatitis is a likely explanation. In conclusion, standard methods for patch testing can be applied in patients with a predisposition to atopic dermatitis, but minor differences in reaction patterns should be considered.
- Published
- 2003
38. The association between ambient air conditions (temperature and absolute humidity), irritant sodium lauryl sulfate patch test reactions and patch test reactivity to standard allergens
- Author
-
Annette Pfahlberg, Olaf Gefeller, Peter J. Frosch, Wolfgang Uter, Claudia Pirker, and Janice Hegewald
- Subjects
Male ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Balsam of Peru ,Myroxylon ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Atopy ,Toxicology ,Germany ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,biology ,Chemistry ,Lanolin ,Temperature ,Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate ,Patch test ,Humidity ,Allergens ,Patch Tests ,medicine.disease ,biology.organism_classification ,Logistic Models ,Dermatitis, Allergic Contact ,Irritants ,Dermatitis, Irritant ,Female ,Irritation ,Contact dermatitis ,medicine.drug - Abstract
To support the decision as to whether erythematous patch test reactions to allergens are irritant or allergic, sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS, 0.5% in water) has been added to the standard patch tests since July 1996 in the Dortmund Department of Dermatology. Data on 1600 patients patch tested up until June 2001, as well as standardized data on ambient temperature and humidity obtained by the German Meteorological Service, were included in a logistic regression analysis taking age, sex and atopy as potential confounders into account. The pattern of association was heterogeneous: while doubtful reactions to nickel sulfate were significantly associated with dry/ cold weather conditions, but not with SLS reactivity, the opposite was observed for lanolin alcohol, benzocaine and Myroxylon pereirae resin (balsam of Peru). Doubtful reactions to other allergens, namely formaldehyde, fragrance mix or p-phenylenediamine, were associated with both factors. For several other allergens of the standard series, no distinct, significant pattern could be discerned. In conclusion, meteorological conditions and SLS reactivity independently contribute information on individual irritability at the time of patch testing, and both should be considered.
- Published
- 2003
39. A clinical and patch test study of adult widespread eczema
- Author
-
Lin-Feng Li and Jing Wang
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Contact hypersensitivity ,Patch test ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease ,Atopy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Immunopathology ,medicine ,Etiology ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Contact dermatitis ,Sensitization - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the role of contact hypersensitivity (CHS) in adult widespread eczema (WE) and to analyse the aetiology of WE. 108 consecutive adult WE patients were patch tested. 352 patients with suspected localized allergic contact dermatitis (ACD) tested in the same period served as a control. The average age of the patients with WE was significantly greater than the control group (47.6 +/- 15.0 v 39.2 +/- 14.9, p 0.05, chi2-test). No significant difference was found for the positive rates of common contact allergens. The rate of atopy was no different between the 2 groups either (6.5% v 5.1%, p > 0.01, chi2-test). These results indicated that contact sensitization was very common in adult WE. Neglected widespread contact with contact allergens, especially hair dye, plays a very important role in our adult WE. The roles of age and sex in WE need to be studied further.
- Published
- 2002
40. Hand dermatitis as an unsuspected presentation of textile dye contact sensitivity
- Author
-
Lucia Mantovani, Stefania Seidenari, A. Martella, and Francesca Giusti
- Subjects
Contact sensitization ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Disperse dye ,Atopy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,medicine ,Hand dermatitis ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,Sensitization - Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate disperse dye sensitization in patients with hand dermatitis. From January 1996 to December 2000, we identified 130 patients with hand dermatitis reacting to one of the 7 dyes included in our standard series. In 82 subjects the dermatitis was localized to the hands alone, whereas 48 patients had lesions both on the hands and on other skin sites. Disperse Blue dyes, and Disperse Orange 3 were the most common sensitizers. Among the 13 subjects allergic to disperse dyes alone, we found 3 cases of occupational allergic contact dermatitis, 1 child with atopic dermatitis worsening after the use of synthetic fibre garments, 4 subjects affected by clothing dermatitis, and 5 individuals occupationally exposed to irritants with a dermatitis involving the hands alone. In the latter, the hands may represent a 'locus minoris resistentiae', and both induction and elicitation of contact sensitization could be caused by impaired barrier function at a skin site repeatedly exposed to sensitizing garments.
- Published
- 2002
41. The association between contact allergy and hand eczema in 2 cross-sectional surveys 8 years apart
- Author
-
Lars Frølund, Torben Jørgensen, Torkil Menné, Flemming Madsen, Allan Linneberg, Niels Henrik Nielsen, and Asger Dirksen
- Subjects
Nickel allergy ,education.field_of_study ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Population ,Patch test ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,Atopy ,immune system diseases ,Hand eczema ,Immunology ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Immunology and Allergy ,Medicine ,skin and connective tissue diseases ,education ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Hand eczema is a recurrent chronic skin disease related to contact allergy and atopic dermatitis. When possible, efforts should be redoubled to eliminate provoking factors. Our objective was to assess changes in the prevalence of self-reported hand eczema and to evaluate the association between contact allergy and hand eczema among adult Danes before and after nickel exposure regulation in Denmark. In 1990 and 1998, random samples of 15-41-year-old persons were examined in 2 cross-sectional studies of the general population in Copenhagen, Denmark. The studies included questionnaires, patch and prick testing. From 1990 to 1998 the prevalence of a history of hand eczema increased significantly. This increase did not appear to be fully explained by changes in the prevalence of flexural eczema, prick test reactivity, patch test reactivity, and nickel allergy. In 1990, nickel allergy and allergic nickel contact dermatitis were significantly associated with a history of hand eczema among women. In 1998, these associations were not found. It can be concluded that, from 1990 to 1998, the prevalence of a history of hand eczema rose significantly. It was indicated that it might be possible to prevent the hand eczema related to nickel allergy by exposure regulation, public education or both.
- Published
- 2002
42. Positive patch tests with a dermatophagoides mix relate to an increased responsiveness to standard patch test allergens
- Author
-
Eggert Stockfleth, Ole Swensson, Jochen Brasch, Wolfgang Uter, Enno Christophers, and Maher Dibo
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease_cause ,Atopy ,030207 dermatology & venereal diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Allergen ,immune system diseases ,medicine ,Mite ,Immunology and Allergy ,House dust mite ,biology ,business.industry ,Pyroglyphidae ,Patch test ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,respiratory tract diseases ,3. Good health ,030228 respiratory system ,Immunology ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
The diagnostic meaningfulness of patch tests with house dust mite allergens is still questionable. Our own impression has been that positive results with a dermatophagoides mix may occur preferentially in patients with a generally enhanced responsiveness to contact allergens. To check this, all of our patients allocated to patch testing with the standard series were additionally patch tested with a dermatophagoides mix by the same technique that was used for standard contact allergens. Out of 571 patients tested, 188 showed delayed responses to this mix that were indistinguishable from typical allergic patch test reactions but of no apparent clinical relevance. No relationship was found between positive dermatophagoides patch tests and an atopic disposition of the patients or characteristics of their eczema. However, 64.4% of the patients with a positive dermatophagoides patch test showed a response to at least 1 contact allergen of the standard series, compared to only 56.4% of the patients without a positive dermatophagoides reaction (p < 0.05). The reactivity to the mite mix was not related to the responsiveness towards any particular contact allergens. We suppose that some unidentified factors may contribute to positive reactions to the dermatophagoides mix that may also favour an enhanced general responsiveness to contact allergens.
- Published
- 2002
43. Evaluation of efficacy of a skin lipid mixture in patients with irritant contact dermatitis, allergic contact dermatitis or atopic dermatitis: a multicenter study
- Author
-
Stefano Veraldi, Mauro Barbareschi, Enzo Berardesca, and Nicola Pimpinelli
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,integumentary system ,Erythema ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Atopy ,medicine ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Immunology and Allergy ,Irritation ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Disturbances of skin barrier function occur in several skin diseases, e.g., atopic dermatitis (AD), irritant/allergic contact dermatitis (ICD, ACD). Skin barrier damage triggers the production of cytokines that stimulate lipogenesis which may also cause inflammatory processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of a topical skin lipid mixture in the treatment of ICD, ACD and AD. 580 consecutive patients suffering from ICD, ACD or AD were treated with a skin lipid mixture containing ceramide-3 and patented nanoparticles. Patients received the lipid mixture alone or in combination with topical corticosteroids until clearance or for 8 weeks. Both treatment groups statistically improved all parameters considered at week 4 and 8 as compared to baseline. Between the 2 treatment groups, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of combined therapy for (ICD, ACD, AD, respectively): erythema, pruritus and overall disease severity; erythema and pruritus; erythema, pruritus, fissuring and overall disease severity. No statistically significant difference was found for (ICD, ACD, AD, respectively): dryness, scaling and fissuring; scaling, fissuring and overall disease severity; dryness and scaling. Between the 2 ACD treatment groups, there was a statistically significant difference in favour of the skin lipid mixture for dryness. In conclusion, the study shows that balanced lipid mixtures are effective in improving barrier properties and the clinical condition of the skin in contact dermatitis.
- Published
- 2001
44. Occupational dermatitis in dental personnel: contact dermatitis with special reference to (meth)acrylates in 174 patients
- Author
-
Karin Wrangsjö, B. Meding, and C. Swartling
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Occupational Dermatitis ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,Meth ,medicine.disease ,Dental personnel ,Atopy ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,chemistry ,Hand eczema ,medicine ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Between 1995 and 1998, 174 dental personnel were referred as patients to the Department of Occupational and Environmental Dermatology, Stockholm. After clinical examination, 131 were patch tested with the Swedish standard series and 109 with a dental screening series. Furthermore, 137 were tested for IgE-mediated allergy to natural rubber latex (NRL). Hand eczema was diagnosed in 109/174 (63%), 73 (67%) being classified as irritant contact dermatitis and 36 (33%) as allergic. Further diagnoses included other eczemas, urticaria, rosacea, psoriasis, tinea pedis, bullous pemphigoid or no skin disease. 77/131 (59%) had positive reactions to substances in the standard series and 44/109 (40%) to substances exclusive to the dental series. 24/109 (22%) patients had positive reactions to (meth)acrylates, the majority with reactions to several test preparations. Reactions to HEMA (2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate), EGDMA (ethyleneglycol dimethacrylate) and MMA (methyl methacrylate) were most frequent. 9 of the 24 were positive only to (meth)acrylates, the remaining 15 also had reactions to allergens in the standard series. 23 of these had hand eczema and 1 facial eczema. In 17 of the 24 allergic to (meth)acrylates, the dermatitis had started in 1995 or later, in 15 within the previous 12 months. Of 8 who had been sick-listed, 7 also had a history of atopy and 6 were allergic to nickel. The most frequent allergens besides (meth)acrylates were nickel, cobalt, palladium, fragrance mix, colophonium and thiuram mix. Allergy to natural rubber latex was diagnosed in 14/137 (10%). In conclusion, irritant hand dermatitis was the dominant diagnosis. Contact allergy to (meth)acrylate was seen in 22% of the patch tested patients, with reactions to 3 predominant test substances. 1/3 of the patients with allergy to (meth)acrylates had been sick-listed for dermatitis, but in all these cases the (meth)acrylate allergy was seen together with atopy and/or further contact allergies.
- Published
- 2001
45. Occupational contact dermatitis in nurses with hand eczema
- Author
-
Roland M. Strauss and David J. Gawkrodger
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,Occupational Dermatitis ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,body regions ,Atopy ,Hand eczema ,medicine ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Occupationally related dermatitis is a common problem in nurses, who are exposed to a wide variety of allergenic and irritant substances. In a group of 44 nurses with hand dermatitis (40 female, 4 male), 18 were thought to have a predominantly allergic contact dermatitis, 15 an irritant dermatitis, 7 other form of eczema, 3 atopic dermatitis and one pompholyx. 10 of the 15 irritant cases were diagnosed as occupational. Of the 18 patients with allergic contact dermatitis, the allergens were thought to be occupationally relevant in 8 cases. In 6 of these 8 the dermatitis was due to natural rubber latex (3) or other rubber chemicals (3). 2 had additional evidence of immediate-type hypersensitivity to natural rubber latex (one was patch test allergic to latex, the other to thiuram mix). Natural rubber latex allergy, both delayed and immediate, is a significant problem, and nurses at risk should be tested for both types of hypersensitivity, as well as being patch tested to standard, rubber and medicaments series.
- Published
- 2001
46. Prevalence of nickel allergy among Finnish university students in 1995
- Author
-
Erkki O. Terho, Leena M Mattila, Hans Helenius, Maritta Kilpeläinen, Markku Koskenvuo, and Kirsti Kalimo
- Subjects
Nickel allergy ,Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,Atopic dermatitis ,medicine.disease ,medicine.disease_cause ,Atopy ,Allergen ,Hand eczema ,Immunology ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,Risk factor ,business ,Nickel Directive - Abstract
Nickel allergy was studied in a sample of 1st-year university students starting their studies in 1995. A total of 296 subjects (72%) of 413 invited participated in the clinical examination, and 284, 96 male and 188 female, were patch tested (69%). A history of nickel sensitization was enquired for. Prick tests and serum specific IgE levels were determined. Occurrence of atopic dermatitis, hand eczema, and current exposure to metals were recorded. Nickel allergy was encountered in 39% of all female students, in 42% of females with pierced skin, and in 14% of females without pierced skin. The corresponding figures for males were 3%, 7% and 3%. In the multiple regression analysis, the risk factors for nickel allergy were female sex (OR 8.1, p
- Published
- 2001
47. Occupational sensitization from theTradescantia albifloracultivar ‘Pink Joy’
- Author
-
Henrik Thormann and Evy Paulsen
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,biology ,business.industry ,Dermatology ,Commelinaceae ,Tradescantia ,Middle Aged ,biology.organism_classification ,medicine.disease ,Atopy ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Occupational Exposure ,medicine ,Humans ,Immunology and Allergy ,Female ,Cultivar ,business ,Allergic contact dermatitis ,Sensitization - Published
- 2010
48. Contact allergy and hand eczema in Swedish dentists
- Author
-
Birgitta Meding, Ulf Örtengren, Harriet Andreasson, K Wrangsjö, Lars Barregard, B Björkner, L M Wallenhammar, and Stig Karlsson
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Allergy ,education.field_of_study ,business.industry ,Population ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Atopy ,Occupational medicine ,Hand eczema ,medicine ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Immunology and Allergy ,education ,business ,Contact dermatitis ,Allergic contact dermatitis - Abstract
Hand eczema and contact allergy in Swedish dentists were studied in a multidisciplinary project. The aims of the study were to establish diagnoses, to investigate the occurrence of contact allergy, in particular to (meth)acrylates, and to evaluate certain consequences of hand eczema. A postal questionnaire on skin symptoms, atopy and occupational experience was mailed to 3,500 dentists aged
- Published
- 2000
49. Dyshidrotic eczema and occupation: a descriptive study
- Author
-
M. P. Lehucher-Michel, M. C. Koeppel, J. Sayag, and A. Lanteaume
- Subjects
Allergy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Patch test ,Dermatology ,medicine.disease_cause ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Atopy ,Occupational medicine ,Allergen ,Dyshidrosis ,Hand eczema ,medicine ,Immunology and Allergy ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
Dyshidrotic eczema (DE) is a chronic and/or recurrent vesicular eczema of the palmar sides of the hands and sometimes the soles of the feet. The major aetiologies to be considered are atopic DE, contact DE, systemic contact DE and DE due to fungal or microbial allergy. To clarify the role of occupational contact allergens, 59 workers with DE were examined to determine whether they had atopy, environmental contact sensitization and/or contact allergy coupled with work activity. For all, patch testing was carried out using the European standard series and the material brought in by the patients. No significant difference was found between the rate (42.4%) of history of atopy among the 59 workers with DE and that (30.6%) observed among 160 workers with other forms of hand eczema (HE). Positive patch test reactions were found in 72.8% of dyshidrotic patients. A relationship to occupational activity was strong for 18 (30.5%) of them but this rate was significantly lower than that (55%) observed among the 160 with other types of eczema. Results of the present study showed that contact sensitization is as much involved in workers with DE as in workers with other form of HE, even though the relationship to work is significantly less frequent for DE. It also suggests that atopic histories are no more involved in DE than in other forms of HE.
- Published
- 2000
50. Relevance of multiparametric skin bioengineering in a prospectively-followed cohort of junior hairdressers
- Author
-
H. J. Schwanitz, S.M. John, and Wolfgang Uter
- Subjects
Male ,Risk ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Occupational Dermatitis ,Provocation test ,Biomedical Engineering ,Hand Dermatoses ,Dermatology ,Beauty Culture ,Statistics, Nonparametric ,Occupational medicine ,Atopy ,Risk Factors ,Germany ,Skin Physiological Phenomena ,Odds Ratio ,medicine ,Humans ,Mass Screening ,Immunology and Allergy ,Prospective Studies ,Transepidermal water loss ,Career Choice ,business.industry ,Incidence ,medicine.disease ,Water Loss, Insensible ,Surgery ,Logistic Models ,Dermatitis, Occupational ,Cohort ,Irritant contact dermatitis ,Female ,Seasons ,business ,Contact dermatitis - Abstract
There is conflicting evidence concerning predictors of individual susceptibility to develop irritant contact dermatitis in wet work. A cohort of initially 92 hairdresser apprentices was prospectively followed for 3 years. The association between anamnestic and clinical findings, and multiparametric skin bioengineering data (transepidermal water loss [TEWL], microcirculation, capacitance, pH, sebum, temperature) was investigated. The observation intervals were 3 months in the 1st year of training and 12 months thereafter. Of the 92 apprentices, 6 had already developed hand dermatitis on 1st examination, 20 dropped out or had occupational exposure longer than 7 weeks prior to investigation. Of the remaining 66 participants considered here, 19 (29%) developed moderate or severe dermatitis ("cases"), 32 minimal skin changes, 15 none within the observation period. Average incidence rate of hand dermatitis was 21.1 cases per 100 person years. Atopy score was not associated with the development of dermatitis, nor were the investigated basal bioengineering parameters, including TEWL, in a multivariable model. However, there was a significant increase in TEWL within the 1st year of training in presumptive "cases". The aim to develop an objective and predictive instrumentary for pre-employment counselling in wet work, by a combination of (a) clinical and (b) relevant non-invasive bioengineering parameters, has not yet been accomplished. Skin-provocation tests employing bioengineering seem to be required. Notwithstanding, work-related monitoring of basal biophysical skin-functions may become useful in the secondary prevention of occupational dermatitis.
- Published
- 2000
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