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This paper is devoted to infringement cases which the European Commission opened in relation to the Republic of Croatia while exercising its role as a "guardian of the Treaties". During the first eight years of its membership in the European Union, the Republic of Croatia has gained valuable experience regarding this instrument of enforcement of European Union law, without paying a steep price in the process. The proceedings under Article 258 TFEU have so far resulted in one judgment against Croatia (Case C-250/18 Commission v Croatia). The volume, timing, duration and outcome of infringement cases against Croatia provide valuable insights into potential litigation risks for future cases and point to lessons which can be drawn for those risks to be mitigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the recent adoption of the Paris climate agreement, countries taking climate change action are still faced with a potential risk of carbon leakage due to the absence of a uniform carbon price at the global level. This paper analyses the European Union's current and proposed carbon leakage legislation in order to identify its strengths and weaknesses. It emphasises that the environmental and economic integrity of the European Union's measures is of crucial importance due to the fact that the European Union's leadership in global climate legislation is highly dependent on it and also since the European Union's legislation has already served and is likely to continue serving as a model for similar cap and trade systems worldwide. The paper concludes that the current regulation of carbon leakage in the European Union leads to the overprotection of sectors which are considered to be exposed to a significant risk of carbon leakage and that further revisions of the system are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article deals with the question of the extent to which the national regulation of minimum wages is influenced by the European Community's legal order. Firstly, it analyses the case law of the European Court of Justice with regard to Article 49 of the EC Treaty. which indicates that there is an increasing tendency to restrict the ability to extend a host state's minimum wage to foreign service providers. It then examines the Posted Workers Directive in the light of the Laval and Rüffert cases, which are seen as unexpected interpretations of the Directive and which will have an influence on the social models of some Member States. Finally. the article focuses on Croatia as a Non-Member State and its obligations, which derive from the Stabilisation and Association Agreement, regarding the Posted Workers Directive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]