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The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the entrepreneurship research activity that uses the institutional approach as a conceptual framework in the specific context of Latin America. To do so, a semi-systematic literature review is conducted using 24 articles published between 2009 and 2021 in major entrepreneurship journals. The results show that institutional conditions significantly shape entrepreneurial dynamics. The review highlights a two-way relationship between formal and informal institutions that can either drive or hinder ventures. Policymakers should thus prioritize a comprehensive institutional approach to enhance entrepreneurial growth and boost regional prosperity. This is the first review of entrepreneurship research from the institutional approach in the Latin American context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an analysis of the reasons and motivations behind several educational figures in the constructing of hybrid methodologies through combinations based on entrepreneurship education as a method. A qualitative exploratory study wa s carried out, and data was collected through 19 semi-structured interviews. Data was analyzed through a discourse analysi s technique which made it possible to appreciate that hybrid methodologies are built as part of a contextualization process that seek s to apply correctly the methodologies concerned to the educator's culture, context, and even personal style present at the time. The understanding of the role that an educator's context plays in his or her choice of contents and teaching approaches could help to avoid biases and create transformational education practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to propose an integrated methodological approach for the categorization of assets using the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA, Basic Additive Model version). The need for stakeholders to assess the possibility of bankruptcy, credit risk and the creation of investment portfolios has given rise to tools capable of evaluating financial assets. Given the increasing volume of data associated with assets, categorization into groups sharing homogeneous characteristics has sometimes been chosen. This strategy implies a significant reduction in time and cost of analysis. The system selected for the analysis includes the companies that traded on the Buenos Aires Stock Exchange over the period 2009-2010. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As business intelligence is for companies, territorial intelligence is for local authorities. However, it is not the simple exportation of business intelligence concepts and tools, but overall a new discipline characterized by the amalgamation of collective human intelligence and computer intelligence. As a result, geographic knowledge bases, rules and inference engines are not only based on logic but also on topology, geometry and linguistics, and must take multiple actors' points of view into account. The scope of this paper will be to present the concepts necessary to construct such systems, i.e. to pass from intelligence to geographic knowledge engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research develops an initial proposal of a Decision Support System -DSS- to plan the production and distribution of new fresh agricultural products. This system is based on a hierarchical approach, which can be applied to enterprises as a planning module or as a stand-alone system for crop production. In this paper is stressed the importance of the DSS for small and mediumsized companies, or for small group of growers that need to improve coordination between their growing and market decisions. The DSS covers the strategic, tactical and operational decisions for every season, focusing on new product introduction. The aim of DSS is increasing the competitiveness of growers in a highly variable and complex marketplace. The agri-food sector still needs evolving to meet increasing demands, understand particular tastes of new consumers and evaluating the requirements of new players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we compare the methods proposed by Peña and Prieto (2001), and Filzmoser, Maronna, and Werner (2008) to detect outliers in a set of Argentine companies that quote their shares in the Stock Exchange. A significant heterogeneity between observations can be a consequence of the presence of outliers. The detection of outliers is an important task for the statistical analysis since they distort descriptive measures and parameters estimators. There are different multivariate methods to detect outliers, such as distance-based methods and projection pursuit methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Energy efficiency and sustainability are important factors to address in the context of smart cities. In this sense, a necessary functionality is to reveal various preferences, behaviors, and characteristics of individual consumers, considering the energy consumption information from smart meters. In this paper, we introduce a general methodology and a specific two-level clustering approach that can be used to group, considering global and local features, energy consumptions and productions of households. Thus, characteristic load and production profiles can be determined for each consumer and prosumer, respectively. The obtained results will be generally applicable and will be useful in a general business analytics context. La efficiencia energética y la sostenibilidad son factores importantes a abordar en el contexto de las ciudades inteligentes. En este sentido, una funcionalidad necesaria consiste en revelar varias preferencias, comportamientos y características de los consumidores individuales, considerando la información de consumo de energía de los metrocontadores inteligentes. En este artículo presentamos una metodología general y un enfoque de agrupamiento en dos niveles teniendo en cuenta las características globales y locales del consumo de energía y la producción de los hogares. Por lo tanto, se pueden determinar los perfiles característicos de carga y producción para cada consumidor y prosumidor, respectivamente. Los resultados obtenidos serán de aplicación general y serán útiles en un contexto de análisis empresarial general. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The traditional management educational methods like in class group activities derive from Western democratic principles and work well in tolerant and pluralistic climate. However, in dogmatic and oppressive social environment, they just reinforce the dominant culture and create obstacles to fostering the students' critical reflexive thinking. Learning space becomes constrained by different overwhelming contextual factors: from group pressure to an authoritarian political background. On the case of the Russian business ethics classroom, this paper examines the influence of an oppressive context on the learning space and offers an approach to weakening this influence by intensifying students' critical reflexivity using writing assignments and supportive teacher's feedback based on a narrative therapy approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on Hannah Arendt's distinctions between thinking, action and judgment this paper develops a framework for leadership development. Leadership and leadership development are approached from a political perspective, which implies emphasizing the collective, relational and material aspects of leadership. Leadership is defined as the collective actions in in which unique subjects, who can think, act and judge for themselves, are engaged. Practices of thinking, action and judgment are seen as different dimensions of leadership development, which enables people to take part in politics. These dimensions help empower actors to lead themselves and to engage, interact, collaborate, communicate and to give space for others in collective action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the last decades, there has been an increasing interest on knowledge in the business realm. Japanese scholar Ikujiro Nonaka was among the main theoretical and practical contributors to knowledge creation in organizations, as well as a promoter of including practical reason in the research of business topics such as decision-making, knowledge management, ethics and leadership. In his theory, a Western classical tradition, namely the virtue of phronesis, is combined with the Japanese notion of Ba (context-based learning), to explain the way people engage in communities of practice as opportunities for learning. This paper describes his theory of knowledge creation, pointing to phronetic leadership skills as essential drivers of knowledge creation in organizations, in light of the Western classical tradition. Finally, it discusses the scope and limits of Nonaka's contribution, as well as some challenges it posits in order to make the business realm a true space for learning and human flourishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given the new trends in the higher education system in Colombia, this paper raises the question of how the introduction of credit systems may transform the management system of a university. To answer that question, the paper introduces the case of Universidad del Rosario, one of the most traditional universities in Colombia, transformed its institutional setting to implement this system years before the legal credit system requirement to do so even existed. Reviewing the unsystematic literature on this topic and introducing the concept of credit systems, the paper provides a model which systemizes managerial change due to credit systems into four categories: (i) governance and structure, (ii) culture/values and institutional identity, (iii) managerial practices and techniques, and (iv) the relationship with the environment (internal and external). The paper also presents concerns about cultural and institutional particularities which may affect and distort the expected impact of introducing a credit system, and it finally observes how important it would be to consider process dynamics when dealing with this topic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The principal objectives of this paper are to develop a conceptual and theoretical framework to evaluate the cost of protectionism in the Brazilian automobile industry, and present a scheme to compare different studies. A standard partial equilibrium model was developed, and applied to the sub-compact vehicle segment of the Brazilian automobile industry. Two important aspects were analyzed: (1) economic indicators, and (2) supply and demand curves. Four economic indicators were used: (1) domestic consumption, (2) domestic production, (3) domestic prices, and (4) world prices. A supply and demand sketch was generated to determine price elasticity, using values obtained from a multiple regression model. The sub-compact vehicle segment was chosen because it represents more than 70% of the Brazilian domestic market. 2000 was chosen as the year to examine because this was when an import tariff of 35% was imposed on the automobile industry. This trade barrier provided an interesting case study for the cost of protectionism model. The paper concludes that the model clearly demonstrates protectionist polices' adverse effects on the Brazilian economy, which experienced a welfare loss borne by consumers, producers and the government. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the work of Anderson & Reeb (2003), the current paper aims to examine whether, under the peculiar influence of the Mexican corporate system, there are differences in the performance of family and non-family firms. The authors propose an analysis that allows conducting a comprehensive study and comparison between companies with different ownership structures (family vs. non-family firms), differentiated by heterogeneously developed governance patterns. Likewise, the effects of the degree of ownership concentration on performance are also analyzed. Moreover, evidence is shown of contrasting relationships between governance mechanisms and performance in family and non-family firms. Results are consistent with those of Anderson & Reeb (2003). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Being a family business is not good or bad per se; it is an extra characteristic that management has to deal with. In fact, family influence can become a blessing or a curse for a company, depending on how family members handle Key Success Family Factors (KSFF). This paper presents the Two Stages Scoring (TSS) model, a tool that companies can use to develop a competitive advantage based precisely on family influence. TSS Model is based on results obtained in a Mexican Family Businesses research, in which the relationship between family influence and firm performance was tested. The variable "family influence" was measured through the common F-PEC instrument and by FAMILIAL INDEX, while the "firm performance" was measured by CEO level of satisfaction on six financial performance dimensions. Conclusions of the research include that family influence-firm performance relationship is not high for this sample of companies and, as a consequence, the TSS model is proposed based on the idea that firm performance is related more effectively to the KSFF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper makes an assessment of the Colombian Export Promotion Program (EPP). The process and the results of such a program are considered in the light of the literature on international strategy and exporting culture in developed and developing countries. Literature findings on EPAs and EPPs around the world are complemented by information from two surveys, one applied to a set of 56 firms that took part in the EPP (2002-2004) and the other addressed at a group of consultants hired by program operators to support firms. The information obtained permits the characterization of program participants (firms, entrepreneurs/managers, operators, consultants) and a deep appraisal of the processes and methodologies implemented by the program, as well as the acknowledgement of the participants' perceptions on the expectations and the outcomes reached. Finally, some reflections are made on the accomplishments and shortfalls of the program, a number of firm and program-level proposals for improvement are advanced, and some future research avenues are suggested in order to deepen the discussion on exporting/internationalization culture and its importance for developing and developed economies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses how the institutional processes, the school management as well as the contexts in which the school and the students are circumscribed, could impact the performance in the high-school graduation-year test (ICFES). A survey was applied with the purpose of know the actions and interactions among educative process actors. Factor Analysis and Hierarchical econometric models were used with the purpose of construct indexes and measure the impact of the considered variables. We found that school level variables, including management, explain a high percentage of the performance variability, while those constructed variables associated to student's characteristics have a low impact. And parent human capital and the initial student conditions are much more important than the teacher human capital. Contrary to the expected, it's not clear what kind of use and if to increase infrastructure resources favors the achievement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The main objective of this paper is to develop conceptual models of cultural traits, Colombian characteristics, work behavior and processes, to determine the factors that resulted from a qualitative study on supporting attitudes and impeding attitudes regarding creativity in the workplace in certain Colombian companies. Data analysis of the interviewees' statements produced 16 categories, such as ownership, trust building, support, influence management standards, envy / jealousy, and voluntary creativity. Some of these categories were incorporated into the conceptual models. In addition, several of the interviewees explicitly referred to Colombian culture promoting or smothering creativity in the workplace. The authors conclude by saying that it is rare to find structured descriptions that indicate a link between cultural characteristics and forms of thinking, feeling or behaving, which have an effect on issues of administrative importance. These potential explanations suggest that cultural climates influence behavior and, therefore, it is necessary to explore their possible origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]