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This work addresses a wide debate about Environmental Dirección de empresas in recent years: the connection of Environmental Protection and Performance. More specifically, it aims to contribute to this question from the stakeholders' focus. Adopting an moderating effects approach, we have found significant evidence about the positive moderated effect of stakeholders" integration on environmental protection-performance connection. The paper concludes with an analysis managers' perception about this relation and suggests that it is necessary to disseminate these results in order to influence on managers' perception and therefore on their willingness to develop environmental protection practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the relationship between ISO 14001 certification and financial performance through a quantitative empirical study. The main contribution of this paper is based on the application of a longitudinal methodology, examining the performance levels before and after certification: in other words, we analyse the selection effect and the treatment effect of ISO 14001 certification. The results show that performance differences before certification are higher than differences after certification. Then, the better performance of certified firms may be due to a selection effect: firms with better performance have a higher tendency to achieve ISO 14001 certification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]