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Emperor Alfonso VII of Leon's peninsular relations were shaped by the relationship and struggles between both, the Christian realms of the inner borders, as well as those in the external borders against Islam. This paper aims to recreate the stratagems of alliance and jurisdiction over Muslim leaders in order to develop and establish jurisdiction through the use of space at the expense of the Taifa of al- Andalus. This is the case of the links established with the sovereign Sayf al-Dawla, the Zafadola of the christian chronicles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper aims to analyze the Spanish expedition headed by Ruy López de Villalobos, that left from New Spain in 1542. Two documents provide different points of view about the same expedition: (i) one official report, written by García Descalante Alvarado in Lisbon, in 1548; (ii) one letter, written by the Jesuit Cosme de Torres (1510-1570) from Goa (India), in 1549. The comparison of the texts shows how the rivalry between the Spanish and the Portuguese kingdoms were running at the time in the Pacific Ocean. Besides, the second document was edited during the 16th century, which reveals the discursive component in that rivalry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the foundation of the Convent "Nuestra Señora de la Salud" in Patzcuaro, Michoacan, in 1747, noting the role of the local elite and interest in the erection of this convent for Spanish women. The monastery represents one of the strategies of this group of Spaniards to strengthen the city of Patzcuaro in the conflict with Valladolid to get the capital of the bishopric. We also discuss how the Dominican convent of Patzcuaro, came to reinforce the prestige of the most important families who held the political, economic and social power of the city in the second half of the eighteenth century. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to enrich the analytical record of the process of formation of the political system of the Argentine “Confederation” in the 1850s, from the specificities of San Juan province. We considered variations of San Juan political and economic integration in the national and “transcordillerano” stage. We reveal that the attempts of San Juan authorities to (re)articulated in a long-standing activity as overland trade with Chile, though not always successful, were important both to define provincial political tensions and the gravitation of the province in the political and institutional frame of the “Confederation”. So, we analyzed provincial, regional and international aspects of this process, taking into account the multiplicity of actors, resources, ideas and practices that were involved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the second half of the 18th century the city of Buenos Aires experienced a rapid growth in demographic and political terms that triggered a process of diversification of the spaces of the city. In 1790 the construction of a bullring in the neighborhood of Montserrat began. However, its location unleashed discussions among political actors of the time about the show and its role in social control. At the same time the residents of the square were involved in the conflict because of the negative impact that the bulls hauled to the neighborhood. The aim of this paper is to analyze the site of the Circus of bulls and the conflicts generated, to rethink the issues arising from the political, economic and demographic growth of the city from the perspective of Recreational and socio-political function and incorporate the spatial variable to the political and economic discussions of the time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The efficient and integrated use of slave workforce that the Society of Jesus was able to implement in the regions of the old province of Paraguay, has been repeatedly pointed out in different research work as a key factor in the economic development of the congregation. However, studies focused on the subsequent management of these Temporalities reveal a certain failure to sustain and control this structure of slave work so as to guarantee profitable results, despite some continuity in its productive organization. From a comparative perspective, this paper considers these studies so as to reconstruct demographic characteristics and the different forms of productive employment of those slaves confiscated from the Jesuits in the city of Buenos Aires, together with the particularities of their sale during the early stages of the administration of the Junta de Temporalidades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the next paper, we will study the land takeovers in the province of Cautín between 1967 and 1973, because this province was not only one of the main centers of these conflicts, but also because it has been one of the provinces that has had a bigger attention by the researches about rural disputes in Chile during these troubled years. Through a detailed analysis of regional documentation, we have carried out a quantification, classification and characterization of the land takeovers and the subjects who performed them. Through a detailed analysis of regional documentation, we have carried out a quantification, classification and characterization of the land takeovers and the subjects who performed them. Our ultimate goal is to review and reassess some of the traditional views and conceptions that exist about this protest expression and the rural disputes in the province. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the political reform process implemented in1912 in Argentina in order to discuss some general understandings in national historiography about the scope of the reform. The analysis focuses on the province of Corrientes, the only one in which the Radicalism failed o reach power throughout the period. This paper seeks to assess the limits of reformism, strategies and mechanisms implemented by the Conservatism to stay in power despite the national political situation that presented it adverse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unlike most Latin-American countries where collective bargaining is decentralized at the firm level, in Argentina -as well as in Brasil-, collective bargaining is centralized and carried out by a single union per activity branch. However, in Argentina these branch unions articulate themselves with a union-based representation in the shop-floor, the so called “internal commissions". The first two Peronist governments (1946-1955) are a crucial period in the development of these organisms. In this paper we study the conflicts related to the internal commissions that arose in these years in the metallurgical and the shoe industries and we analyze the rules and regulations governing the internal commissions fixed in the collective labor agreements of 1954 and the tensions that emerged in their negotiation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On this work we will review some of the first revealed strategies by the Pewenche groups of Alto Bío Bío to adapt to the reductional situation, characterized for the asymmetric relation between this groups with the Chilean major society, becoming an ethnic group or native group (indigenous community). In this paper it will be characterized and exhibited both intragroup and extragroup interaction levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper will focus on the role slaves played in the city of Cartagena de Indias in the seventeenth century. It will also focus on how the city became a slave warehouse and the role they played in shaping this colonial society. Their jobs, dances, sociability and ethnic origin are presented as main characters in the shaping of this city. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Modernity there was formed an idea of the body centred on the regulation of the life of the population (bios) and on the "disciplinamiento" of the body of the individuals (biopoder). In the beginning of the 20th century in Argentine, in the context of the "social question", one appealed to the representations concerning the idea of the social body and of the body of the individuals. To the body of the Nation he imagined it under the notions of disease and health, integration and exclusion. Since then, the metaphors of the social body have not stopped being present in the rhetoric of the national discourse in different contexts. This paper study the diffusion and intervention of the medical speech (hygienist and eugenista) in the school institution by the intention of acting on the body of the small students to the effects of moralizing his behaviors and of guaranteeing an integral formation that was preserving his physical and intellectual health while they were estimated as the civil futures of the republic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of my paper is to make a balance in the rural school historiography in Mexico, and through it, dialogue with those made in other Latin American countries. Instead of trying to have a joint vision of rural educational development in Latin America through a supposed progress, what really interests is to go beyond national barriers with the purpose of generating a debate about the heterogeneity of different local realities and theoretical-methodological perspectives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]