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Purpose: This paper aimed to evaluate the manual dexterity tests and hand morphometry, and to research whether the dexterity tests and hand lengths were affected by gender and body mass index (BMI) or not. Materials and Methods: This study was carried out on 114 adult subjects aged between 18 and 25 years (37 males and 77 females). Demographic characteristics including gender, age, dominant hand, height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) of all subjects were recorded. Additionally, hand morphometric measurements and manual dexterity tests called as O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test and Purdue Pegboard Test were applied. Results: Some values such as the hand length (right and left), palmar length (right and left), dominant and nondominant hand finger, and O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test-Left side showed significant differences between genders. Additionally, O'Connor Finger Dexterity Test scores for both sides were lower in males than in females. Purdue Pegboard-Right, and Purdue Pegboard-Left, Purdue Pegboard-Both Hands, Purdue Pegboard total were higher in males, whereas Purdue Pegboard (Assembly) was higher in females than in males. However, Purdue Pegboard measurement scores did not show a significant difference between genders. Conclusion: Hand morphometric measurements and manual dexterity tests showed some changes in terms of gender and BMI. Additionally, the data obtained can provide crucial information for therapists and clinicians about hand rehabilitation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: This paper aimed to determine the morphometry of the frontal lobe and central brain region using magnetic resonance imaging in patients having dementia and healthy subjects. Materials and Methods: 243 subjects (121 subjects having dementia; 122 subjects healthy group) aged 60-90 years over for 2 years between January 2018 and 2020 were included in this study. Also, the supervised Machine learning based (ML based) detection of dementia has been studied on this obtained real world data. Results: The gender-related changes of frontal region measurements in dementia and healthy subjects were analyzed and, there were differences of measurements' mean values in gender. In healthy subjects, significance differences were found in all measurements (except the distance from anterior commissure to posterior commissure and outermost of corpus callosum genu to innermost of corpus callosum genu). The means of the measurements were found higher in males than in females. Conclusions: We believe that the knowledge of our study will provide valuable reference data for our population and will help for a surgeon in planning an operation by considering measurements related to the frontal lobe. In addition, ML based supervised methods that were trained on the collected data for detection of dementia showed that it is required to provide as many attributes and instances as possible to train an accurate estimator. However, if this is not possible, by creating new features based on the hidden patterns between attributes and instances we could increase the success of the estimators up to 96.3% f-score value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Portal hypertension (PHT) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a portal vein pressure gradient exceeding 5 mm Hg. Portal hypertensive complications have high morbidity and mortality. The present study aimed to provide an overview of portal hypertension research, as well as investigate the publications and citations of countries, authors, and institutions, international cooperation, and the density of terms used, employ a bibliometric analysis method, and shed light on future research. Materials and Methods: The search was performed on the Web of Science (WoS) on October 21, 2021. The term "Portal hypertension" was searched in the paper "title" section between 01.01.2001 and 31.12.2020. The software VOS viewer (Version 1.6.17), which shows the partnership mesh in bibliometric works, was used to analyze the data obtained. Results: The most frequently used keyword was portal hypertension with 46.4%, followed by cirrhosis with 11.1% and liver cirrhosis with 7.4%. In our study, the most effective journals related to portal hypertension were the World Journal of Gastroenterology (86 articles, 1264 citations), the Journal of Hepatology (45 articles, 2781 citations), and Hepatology (44 articles, 3769 citations), and Gastroenterology had the highest average citation (117.8). Conclusion: The present study offers an alternative viewpoint on global research trends in portal hypertension between 2001 and 2020 and is the first bibliometric analysis of portal hypertension, an issue with an increasing publication trend. We believe that by providing comprehensive and structured information on portal hypertension, the study will assist researchers in identifying publication hotspots and gaps on the subject. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The primary aim of this study is to evaluate postural stability by using a static posturography in patients with early Parkinson's disease (PD). Secondly, this paper addresses the need for illustrating the effect of dual-tasking on postural stability in early PD patients. Materials and Methods: Twenty-nine early PD patients with maximum 5 years of disease duration were included in this study. The selected group had no clinical PI while their age- and sex-matched healthy controls were carried out. Neurological examination and mini-mental state examination (MMSE) were performed in all subjects. Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) and modified Hoehn and Yahr (H&Y) scores were recorded in PD patients. Postural stability was assessed in all subjects on a static posturography platform under three different conditions: eyes open, eyes closed and a cognitive task of producing words with given letters. Results: The mean age of the PD was 59.2±10.5 whereas the control groups mean age was 56.3±7.6 (p>0.05). The female-male ratio was 9/20 in the PD and 12/17 in the control group. There was no important difference between the two groups in terms of demographic characteristics. In the PD group, the mean UPDRS was 12.8±4.9. The patients were mostly receiving polytherapy. Eye closure and cognitive task caused an increase in most sway parameters in both groups. Conclusion: Early PD patients on medication, postural stability is preserved and cognitive dual-tasking does not affect postural stability in these patients in the early stage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]