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Purpose: In this study, we evaluated Sideritis stricta (S. stricta), as potential-oxidative agents against parental and epirubicin-HCl resistant H1299 cells. Material and Methods: Oxidative stress biomarkers such as malondialdehyde level determined in cell lysates. Assessment of cell viability was made by CellTiter-Blue® Cell Viability Assay and 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5- diphenyl-2H-tetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay after 20-600 µg/mL essential oil concentrations treated to parental and epirubicin-HCl (drug) resistant H1299 cells for 24, 48 and 72 h. Malondialdehyde levels were assayed for determining the membrane damaging effects. Results: Parental H1299 cells were found to be more sensitive to cytotoxic effect of the essential oil. Essential oil showed cytotoxic and more selective effects depend on time and concentration. Essential oil caused increasing malondialdehyde level on both parental and drug resistant H1299 cells. The highest concentration of the essential oil (IC70) treatment caused the highest membrane damage on both parental and drug resistant H1299 cells. Conclusions: Parental and epirubicin-HCl resistant H1299 cells showed different cellular response against potential antitumour and pro-oxidative effects of essential oil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In many studies, regulatory T cell increase is seen both in patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma and post chemotherapy patients including autologous stem cell transplants. Multiple myeloma is a malignant plasma cell disease. Regulatory T cells have a role in immune homeostasis from cancer and inflamatory conditions to autoimmune diseases. PD-1 pathway stimulates T cell population towards regulatory T cell development. It has been shown that PDL1 plays an important role in differentiating inducable regulatory T cells. Recently, at least six clinical studies targeting PDL1 or PD-1 on multiple myeloma have been started. In accordance with the current literature, we suggest that patients with myeloma can benefit anti PD-1/PDL1 therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the responses of parental and epirubicin-resistant non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells against stabilized-silver (St- Ag) ion induced oxidative DNA and membrane injury after the cells treated with this solution. Material and Methods: IC50 values for parental and drug-resistant NSCLC cells as revealed by 3-(4,5- dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) and resazurin-based assay. Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in the cells were assayed by using fluorometric method. The genomic DNA samples were used to determine the amount of 8-hydroxy-2'- deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) with a competitive ELISA kit. Results: 139 µg/mL for parental cells and 224 µg/mL for resistant cells were calculated as IC50 values by MTT assay. 96 µg/mL and 189 µg/mL respectively were calculated as IC50 values by resazurin-based assay. When the cells were treated with IC50 concentration of St-Ag ion solution, clear signs of oxidative stress, i.e. decreased is glutathione (GSH) (1.5-folds in parental, 2-folds in resistant) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) (2-folds in parental), as well as increased lipid peroxidation (1.6-folds in parental, 2-folds in resistant) and 8-OHdG formation (1.5-folds in parental, 2-folds in resistant) were seen. Changes in the levels of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) in both cell type and levels GPx in resistant cells were statistically insignificant. The St-Ag ion solution has higher membrane and DNA damaging effect on resistant cells than parental cells even though resistant-cells have high GST and GPx activity. Conclusion: Thus our data suggest St-Ag ion solution has different potential toxicity on parental and epirubicin-resistant cancer cells depend on concentration that is associated with oxidative stress. Anticancer potential of anticancer drugs for especially drug resistant cells can be increased by combining therapy with stabilized-silver ion solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]