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Small bowel diverticulosis can occur anywhere in the small bowel but is most common in the duodenum. Jejunoileal diverticulosis is much less common and tends to have a more chronic, nonspecific disease course. In the literature, this condition has a higher incidence in men in their sixth and seventh decades of life. Diagnosis of small bowel diverticula can be difficult and may depend on surgical exploration of the bowel content to confirm the final diagnosis. An 81-year-old elderly female patient with no past surgical history presented with chronic abdominal pain, distension after eating, occasional diarrhea, and weight loss. Her initial presentation was concerned with pseudo-obstruction and possible internal hernia. She had multiple rounds of antibiotics to diagnose small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). After a diagnostic laparoscopy due to persistent symptoms, the diagnosis of small bowel diverticulosis was confirmed. The patient ultimately decided to undergo a laparotomy with a small bowel resection to treat her condition. Her postoperative course was complicated by an episode of Giardiasis, which was treated with a course of antibiotics. Upon her follow-up appointment in the clinic, she reported doing well without any complaints. While small bowel diverticulosis can be asymptomatic, a presentation of persistent symptoms, including generalized abdominal pain, diarrhea, and distension, can occur, especially in the older population of patients. Diagnosing this condition can be challenging and usually can be accomplished through laparoscopy. However, definitive treatment leading to the cessation of symptoms can only be achieved through surgical resection of the involved segment of the bowel., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Tonnu et al.)

Primary peritoneal serous carcinoma (PPSC) is a rare tumor that develops in the peritoneum. PPSC originates from embryonic nests of Müllerian cells in the peritoneum, which are also present in the epithelium of the ovary. This similarity explains the histopathological resemblance between PPSC and low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma. While PPSC primarily affects women, it is an extremely rare occurrence in males, and it is believed that the significant difference in diagnosis rates between males and females is due to the inhibition of Müllerian system growth by substances produced by male Sertoli cells. These substances are present at higher levels in males, which may prevent the development of Müllerian system-derived tumors in men. We describe a 65-year-old male patient who presented for elective bariatric surgery and umbilical hernia repair, and an incidental finding of low-grade PPSC was made based on hernia sac pathology. The patient underwent further management, including tumor debulking and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC), with positive outcomes. Long-term follow-up and oral letrozole treatment are planned., Competing Interests: The authors have declared financial relationships, which are detailed in the next section., (Copyright © 2024, Ganam et al.)