1. One Protein to Rule them All: Modulation of Cell Surface Receptors and Molecules by HIV Nef
- Author
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Veronica Iannucci, Anouk Van Nuffel, Pieter Meuwissen, Alessia Landi, and Bruno Verhasselt
- Subjects
T-Lymphocytes ,UP-REGULATION ,Virus Replication ,CD4 DOWN-REGULATION ,0302 clinical medicine ,T-cell activation ,CD86 ,immune system escape ,0303 health sciences ,viral transmission ,virus diseases ,HIV Nef ,CORECEPTOR CD8-ALPHA-BETA ,3. Good health ,Cell biology ,DC-SIGN ,Infectious Diseases ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS ,CD28 ,T cell ,Antigen presentation ,Down-Regulation ,Receptors, Cell Surface ,Biology ,Article ,superinfection ,03 medical and health sciences ,Immune system ,MHC CLASS-II ,PRIMARY T-CELLS ,Cell surface receptor ,Virology ,TYPE-1 REPLICATION ,MHC class I ,ANTIGEN PRESENTATION ,medicine ,MHC-I ,Humans ,nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus ,MHC-II ,030304 developmental biology ,Immune Evasion ,CD1 ,surface receptor down-modulation ,Biology and Life Sciences ,CD8 ,CD3 ,CD4 ,Viral replication ,COMPLEX CLASS-II ,IMMATURE DENDRITIC CELLS ,biology.protein ,HIV-1 ,viral replication ,030215 immunology - Abstract
The HIV-1, HIV-2 and SIV Nef protein are known to modulate the expression of several cell surface receptors and molecules to escape the immune system, to alter T cell activation, to enhance viral replication, infectivity and transmission and overall to ensure the optimal environment for infection outcome. Consistent and continuous efforts have been made over the years to characterize the modulation of expression of each of these molecules, in the hope that a better understanding of these processes essential for HIV infection and/or pathogenesis will eventually highlight new therapeutic targets. In this article we provide an extensive review of the knowledge gained so far on this important and evolving topic.
- Published
- 2011
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