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It is well known that reflections on gender identity in tourism studies are important and that gender influences research. However, the situation is unclear in a male-dominated activity such as mountaineering. By using a systematic review, this research note aims to identify and analyse the gender of authors who are working on mountaineering tourism issues. A literature review was conducted using the Web of Science search engine. Of 866 papers identified, 42 met the inclusion criteria and belonged to the category of 'Hospitality Leisure Sport Tourism'. Overall, although femininity is limited in mountaineering and the number of women who participate in this kind of tourism is small, in the world of mountaineering science, women occupy a similar position as men do. In doing so, they challenge the traditional gender discourse in mountaineering activities and, thus, hegemonic ideas about gender and equality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study examines the performativity of contemporary knowledge in a tourism specialism – sporting event economic impact research – through a relational bibliometric analysis of articles within tourism journals indexed in the Web of Science (WoS) from 2000 until 2018. The paper aims to propose a novel methodological approach using social network analysis (SNA) to evaluate and visualize a performativity citation network of the most influential papers in the specialism with a reference to a 'tribes and territories' framework. The findings suggest that performativity – based on funding comments within the acknowledgements and the main text – is an insightful input that has a novel quality in the interpretation of tourism academic citation networks. Therefore, the common interpretation of citation-based knowledge networks on quantitative academic outputs, such as papers citations, has been supplemented with a performativity perspective focused on practical solutions to industry-related problems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, many rural areas have turned to tourism as a way of reviving their communities. One challenge to such efforts is that community leaders in these areas often have limited experience with tourism and consequently lack the knowledge and resources to best facilitate sustainable tourism initiatives. Moreover, an influx of tourists to an area puts new demands on infrastructure. Information about tourists' itineraries can help communities to address new challenges that result from tourism, however using emerging technologies such as GPS and Internet-based map surveys can be expensive and require expertise many rural tourism planners do not have. Paper-based itinerary mapping methodology can be a cost effective way of providing local officials, tourism planners, and businesses with important information to inform decisions about how to invest limited resources. This study applies paper-based itinerary mapping to an emerging wine tourism area in a rural county in the US state of Michigan. Because it involves tourists travelling from place to place within a region, wine tourism is particularly well-suited for itinerary mapping. Results provide specific recommendations to local officials, tourism planners, and businesses. Moreover, the study offers an example to researchers interested in conducting studies that use paper-based itinerary mapping methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electric vehicle tourism is increasingly becoming a realistic prospect for drivers. There has, however, been little research focused on EV tourism. This paper discusses the results of a comprehensive narrative literature review. It suggests that the current paucity of literature is, at least in part, a consequence of two questionable assumptions; first, that EVs are inadequate for tourism travel, and second that they are unlikely to result in substantial changes to drive tourism. This paper challenges these assumptions and explores instrumental, infrastructural, symbolic, and experiential aspects of EV tourism. It suggests that a shift to EVs could prompt instrumental changes to the kinds of trips tourists take, their destinations, rhythms, and planning. It discusses infrastructure upgrades, including consideration of complex financial concerns. It explores possible changes in the symbolic associations between cars and leisure travel and other elements of social life. Finally, it discusses embodied and experiential aspects of drive tourism, including their consequences for safety. A shift to EV tourism is very likely, and very unlikely to leave drive tourism unchanged. This paper therefore argues that it is time to move beyond perceptions that EVs are boring and inadequate, and to take seriously the possibilities for EV tourism research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experiences are at the core of tourism and hospitality. Understanding how to design, manage and measure such experiences has become a key topic in academic literature focused on this sector. This paper presents the characteristics of an optimal design process model for experiences, based on the results of a meta-ethnographic synthesis of such processes. The characteristics can be seen as critical success factors in delivering the right solution to the right problem efficiently and effectively. Depending on the context, starting level and aim of the design, designers can benefit from applying several different design processes. Such a process benefits from design capabilities developed in multi-disciplinary teams. Moreover, the design process aids design teams through steering the collection of explicit and tacit knowledge on problem and solution aspects with stakeholders in a specific order. The success of a design process depends on procedural knowledge of lead designers and their ability to orchestrate and integrate contributions from various disciplines and stakeholders at the right times. Existing design processes for tourism and hospitality experiences lack maturity and flexibility, resulting in them having poor structural validity. However these processes, with insights from design science, can form a base for further theoretical development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The OECD, UNWTO, and numerous countries national data-gathering organizations report that tourism, as an industry, underperforms in productivity compared to other industries. While not disagreeing with the comparison from having used standard productivity measurement tools, this paper challenges the rhetoric and implication that productivity growth is unlimited, and that the tourism industry has significant productivity gains available to it. In doing so, this conceptual paper seeks to create a debate and develop a deeper understanding of productivity challenges in a service-intensive industry such as tourism. It further presents an argument for refining and potentially re-defining the term 'productivity' within the tourism industry, which requires a deeper understanding of what tourism operators presently consider productivity is and appropriate productivity measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Climate change has been identified as a major challenge in the achievement of sustainable development especially for developing countries like Kenya. There has been a wide acknowledgement that there is a need for long-term strategies for the industry players to reduce their contribution to climate change in line with other industries. Industries and societal sectors have sought ways of mitigating the causes of climate change. The Second International Conference on Climate Change and Tourism, held in Davos, Switzerland, on 3 October 2007, provided practical guidelines for the industry in response to climate change. This paper seeks to evaluate the adoption of the ‘Davos Declaration’ among selected Mombasa hotels in terms of water, energy and waste management. Results indicate that despite wide knowledge among hoteliers on the impacts of climate change and the role hotels can play in its mitigation, most hoteliers are slow in adopting the mitigation measures. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Tourism academics are organized like a very small community that interacts within this small group so that its scientific advances are not imported by other disciplines, the so-called tribes defined by Tribe [Tribe, J. (2006). The truth about tourism. Annals of Tourism Research, 33(2), 360–381. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2005.11.001]. The discussion usually ends with the rankings of authors and journals that also contribute to funnelling out knowledge. This research attempts to understand the gaps of tourism research to draw in trends that should be emphasized in and out of tourism community. Based upon a collection of 63,176 papers that is all the papers published in Scopus journals, social network analysis is applied to unveil countries, journals, and authors' expertise as well as convergence points in academia through the content analysis of keywords, scientific areas, affiliated countries and journals. The findings contribute as a guide for scholars and to the discussion of the gaps of tourism whether it be as a trans- or interdisciplinary approach. The full picture that this paper allows to have about tourism research also represents a critical analysis about its evolution since its very beginning emphasizing its weakness and strengths. The study ends with a few suggestions to raise the interdisciplinarity and transdisciplinary nature of tourism research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper has a two-fold purpose, first is to provide a review of the state of research published in the 'Current Issues in Method and Practice' (CIMP) section of the journal Current Issues in Tourism (CIT), and then to chalk out the overall conceptual structure of the journal during the last decade. This study combines a manual investigation with software-based analysis to answer the questions posed. The articles were manually identified for the CIMP section, while the data for conceptual structure analysis was accessed using Web of Science (WoS) database, resulting in a total of 50 papers from the CIMP section and 790 articles from WoS for the journal. Findings from the CIMP section, reveal that there is a clear movement towards introducing objective measures such as electromyography and wavelet analysis, borrowed from natural sciences, whereas overall the studies in current issues in tourism are leaning towards individual-level analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Knowledge construction is a crucial factor in the development of any field of study. While empirical papers sustain knowledge development in a field, systematic analysis of the literature and critiques of influential papers are core components of high-level knowledge construction. The aim of this paper is to critically evaluate Fodness and Murray's ([1999]. A model of tourist information search behavior. Journal of Travel Research, 37(3), 220–230.) seminal paper on information search and to assess how the model has been developed by the subsequent literature. A critique of the model highlighted that the original work had a number of shortcomings, particularly given recent advances in information technologies. The method consisted of a meta-analysis of 575 studies that cited Fodness and Murray's work. The meta-analysis demonstrated that none of the subsequent studies attempted to further develop this well-cited model. The analysis also highlighted that many of the citations to the original study were superficial, and in some cases, incorrect, raising serious questions about citation practices in the tourism field more broadly. The main implication is that, in order to advance our understanding of tourism, we need robust studies that confirm and build on past research efforts to move the field forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper poses a central question: what is the present moment in qualitative tourism research? To answer this, the authors review the state of contemporary qualitative tourism research over the past decade (2007–2017), against current progress in the social sciences. Specifically, a systematic bibliometric analysis of tourism journals was undertaken to determine how tourism scholarship maps against Denzin and Lincoln's social science 'moments'. These moments prove useful in heuristically framing the development of qualitative social research and thinking; from early moments characterized by positivist ways of knowing, through to later moments where scholars struggle through and beyond the crisis of representation. Using an adapted moments-based framework, our analysis of 1541 qualitative papers across 51 tourism journals indicates that the majority of papers are emblematic of 'early moment' thinking. Despite clear evidence of a crisis of representation in some areas, and an increase in the number of qualitative papers published, there is a lack of 'later moment' thinking, methodology and/or approach. The political, social and philosophical constraints and opportunities presented by these findings are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This narrative literature review advances understanding of travel vlogs as a critical component of contemporary digital tourism marketing and highlights the transformation of digital marketing over the past three decades. The paper explores the role of vlogs in modern tourism marketing practices and proposes a travel vlog ecosystem comprising three actors: the vlogger, the viewer, and the destination marketer. The paper is the first to examine the motivations and interactions of each of these actors and proposes a new model to explain these roles and relationships. The paper advances the tourism destination digital marketing literature by examining existing literature gaps and identifying future research opportunities in vlogging activities, particularly the vlogging ecosystem and the involvement of three main central actors. Given the increasing importance of social media in destination marketing strategy, this paper also provides valuable practitioners insights to inform strategic marketing activities using vlogs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tourism experience has always been a hot topic in tourism research. However, the tourism experience of people with visual impairment (PwVI) has its own particularity. This paper explores the unique tourism experience of PwVI based on travel notes written by them. Since PwVI are often accompanied by volunteers when travelling, this paper also discusses the impact of the interaction between volunteers and PwVI on the tourism experience, and analyses the intermediary role of the sense of helplessness experienced by PwVI in the above impact. The empirical results based on a self-administered questionnaire completed by visually impaired groups show that ① the interaction between volunteers and PwVI has a significant positive correlation with the seven unique tourism experiences of PwVI, and ② This correlation is partially mediated by the sense of helplessness. The results show that positive interaction helps to reduce the sense of helplessness of PwVI and thus improves their tourism experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses the prediction capacity of machine learning techniques under severe demand shocks. Specifically, three methods – Naive Bayes, Random Forest and Support Vector Machine – are tested in predicting rental occupancy for tourist accommodation in the city of Madrid. We compare two different scenarios: firstly, the predictive capacity in the years prior to COVID-19 and, secondly, the ability to anticipate demand behaviour once the pandemic started. The results demonstrate first that without market disturbances, the Random Forest model exhibits the best predictive capability. Second, the COVID-19 pandemic caused such major changes that none of the three tested models are entirely reliable, although the Random Forest and Naive Bayes models outperform the SVM model. As a methodological novelty, this paper includes occupancy quantiles to resolve problems with available data and temporal biases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study uses political ecology and social and environmental justice frameworks to examine stakeholder attitudes towards tourism development and ecological restoration in a cross-border context. The purpose of this paper is to develop conceptual frameworks for understanding stakeholder attitudes towards cross-border tourism and ecological restoration that occur in the context of uneven power relations. Data were collected through personal observations, secondary sources such as legal documents and reports, and 56 in-depth interviews and two focus groups with tourism and conservation stakeholders from the US-Mexico border. The findings revealed how abundant social and environmental justice issues, such as unequal social and ecological mobility, access to resources, and power relations impact stakeholder attitudes. This study offers a new conceptual framework that considers socioeconomic, cultural, and religious/spiritual ties to a border landscape, aimed at understanding the injustices related to stakeholder in tourism development and ecological restoration initiatives. The equitable distribution of benefits derived from tourism and landscape restoration is further emphasized in the conceptual framework, as is the need for expanding social and ecological mobility. The paper contributes to the political ecology of cross-border tourism destinations by augmenting social and ecological mobility as a critical component of developing nature-based tourism in border areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As the demand for adventure tourism in national parks increases, the number of adventure tour operators also increases, and the debate regarding their presence in national parks ensues. This paper focuses on the operators' interpretation of adventure tourism in New South Wales (NSW) national parks, and explores why the operators have particular perspectives on adventure tourism in national parks. This paper draws on identity theory as a foundation for exploring the operators' perspectives. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 24 adventure tour operators based in four NSW national parks. Based on the interview data, this study found the operators played a variety of roles in the operation of adventure tourism business in national parks, such as escape facilitators and stewards of the natural environment. These roles were related to the operators' concerns for clients, the natural environment and their businesses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the role of weather conditions on tourists' decision-making. For this purpose, it develops a theoretical framework that integrates how individual decisions are made at the micro level into a dynamic macro-level model with three decision stages: before booking, before departure, and during the trip. The model is empirically tested applying chi-square analysis, logistic regression and multiple correspondence analysis on a sample of inbound tourists visiting China. The results indicate that weather variations affect tourists' decisions, mainly regarding activities. The specific weather conditions that impact on visitors' behaviour are different at each decision-making stage. Additionally, the influence of weather becomes smaller as the stages advance. The empirical results also indicate that the effect of weather is affected by tourists' characteristics. Finally, the results of the paper are used to provide recommendations for including weather consideration into the design and management of tourism products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of big data is growing in relevance and importance in tourism management research. Companies operating in this industry are exploiting big data analytics and developing systems to manage customer knowledge and provide the best service in the right place at the right time. This paper aims to provide a systematic literature review to present issues associated with the use of big data in tourism and identify future research directions on the topic. To achieve this aim, this paper develops a citation network analysis methodology to drive the content analysis and explore the content of 109 selected papers. The findings of this review highlight that although there is an increasing number of contributions on the topic, there are yet some issues that require to be further developed. In particular, the paper identifies research gaps and consequent research questions that represent an agenda for both researchers and practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the dynamics of volatility spillovers among five major tourism stock indices during the Covid-19 period. Our paper enriches the current literature as it is the first paper to investigate the volatility spillovers among major global tourism stock indices by adopting Diebold and Yilmaz (2012. Better to give than to receive: Predictive directional measurement of volatility spillovers. International Journal of Forecasting, 28(1), 57–66.), and Barunik and Krehlik (2018. Measuring the Frequency Dynamics of Financial Connectedness and Systemic Risk. Journal of Financial Econometrics, 16(2), 271–296.) time and frequency domain methods. Results suggest that total spillovers of the tourism stock indices rose significantly during the pandemic. Turkey and Italy are net volatility spillover transmitters, and others are net volatility spillover receivers. Findings of this study also indicates that the effect of volatility transmission among tourism stock markets is temporary (short-lasting). The results suggest that short-term investors and portfolio managers should avoid investing in the tourism indices in the short term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With continuous improvement in contemporary material living standards and the advancement of urbanization, rural areas throughout the world have increasingly become tourist destinations. However, due to differences between the needs of tourists and villagers, rural place remaking for tourism results in rural areas that are more inclined to meet the needs of the tourism industry than those of residents. Existing research shows that smallholders are essential for the sustainable development of rural tourism, but paradoxically, they are often marginalized in the process of rural remaking. This paper uses the lens of place as a research perspective and examines tourism-oriented rural places remaking. This paper uses S Village, China as a case study to discuss how smallholders cope with changes in the experience, significance and importance of rural place in order to adapt to the new rurality that has emerged through the tourism development process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we analyse the impact of immigrant preference status on tourism for a global sample from 1990 to 2019, every 5 years. We construct an international migration preference network and calculate some corresponding structural parameters. Then, the paper compares the impact of ordinary immigration relations and important immigration relations on tourism. We obtain the following results: (1) Countries are exchanging increasingly closely through migration, and the immigrant preference network extracts the backbone structure of the network. (2) In the migration network, when a country has more immigration and emigration, it will promote the development of its inbound tourism. (3) In the migration preference network, in addition to the impact of the number of immigrants on tourism, we find that countries with stronger immigration controls are more likely to attract tourists, as are countries in a tight immigrant community. As a result, we find important immigration relationship can reveal some problems generally immigrants can't reflect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study is to investigate what type of Facebook posts help cruise lines build bridging and bonding social capital. The study applies the Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detection (CHAID) method to identify which types of posts establish bridging and bonding social capital. The analysis is conducted on an international cruise line's official Facebook posts posted between 1 January 2018 and 1 January 2020 before the Covid-19 pandemic. The results highlight that media type, embedding passenger motivation, and a ship image help establish both bridging and bonding social capital, while content type helps establish bridging social capital. The paper is original because it helps understand how cruise lines can improve bonding and bridging social capital via social media. The paper also enhances understanding of social capital theory in the travel industry by investigating the relationship between Facebook post types and social capital in cruise shipping. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Understandings of tourists' contemporary information needs that emphasize spontaneous travel decision-making and tourism as an exclusively pleasurable experience do not account for the contexts of people with dementia and their carers, for whom travelling requires unique adaptations. Through netnography in four online fora, this paper investigates the hitherto under-researched travel information needs of informal carers of people living with dementia. The qualitative data highlights the breadth of pre-travel information needs and their strong emotional dimensions both when carers plan to travel with and without the person with dementia for whom they care. Our analysis uncovers the complex, interdependent nature of travel-related information queries which refer not only to narrow tourism themes but also to health, healthcare and social policy. This exploratory paper concludes with recommendations for addressing the travel information needs of this globally growing category of people, wherein collaboration across destinations, tourism and hospitality industries, the healthcare sector and other stakeholders may be required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Destination attractiveness influences tourists' destination choices and may be the most important determinant to visit or revisit a destination. This paper points out four approaches to destination attractiveness and deals with the most common one, the perceptive concept. Since perceived destination attractiveness is affected by familiarity with the destination, the paper focuses on the domestic tourism market. Bearing in mind the heterogeneity of domestic visitors, it focuses on young generations presenting a long-term perspective market. The aim of this study is to assess the perceived domestic destination attractiveness among GenY and GenZ and determine if there is a correlation between overall perceived destination attractiveness and the target market based on belonging to a specific generation. Research methods, combining sociological questioning through questionnaires, indicator of destination attractiveness ratio – DAR (originally designed by authors), importance-performance analysis (IPA), and expert panel were used. The results show that Slovakia and Czechia are attractive to young locals. Differences occur when comparing the perception of destination attractiveness by individual generations. The perceived attractiveness cannot, therefore, be examined on the example of heterogeneous visitors, as it has been common in the scientific literature until now; homogeneity of the target market is imperative. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Analyzing seasonality in the modern tourism industry is essential for successful organization and destination management. The purpose of this paper is therefore to provide an in-depth analysis of seasonality in the main destinations in Turkey. The methods used include the seasonal index of the time series model, the seasonality indicator, the Gini coefficient, the Theil index, the Lorenz Curve, and the coefficient of variation. The results suggest that domestic tourism was moderately seasonal, whereas inbound tourism was highly seasonal during 2017–2020. Moreover, capacity utilization on average was approximately half of the relative capacity, which indicates a substantial discrepancy. One of the salient findings of this study is that the novel coronavirus disease has aggravated the seasonal fluctuations in the country's tourism demand. In addition, the paper provides an adjustment to an interpretation of the Gini coefficient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A limited number of studies have applied bibliometric visualisation to explore the network structure of scholarly tourism knowledge. This study uses CiteSpace to analyse and visualise the intellectual structure of the tourism crisis and disaster management (TCDM) field. The use of new bibliometric visualisation techniques makes a methodological contribution to the mapping and presentation of bibliometric data in tourism research. Potentials for using these methods to provide new insights into research patterns and gaps are illustrated with an analysis of the TCDM literature. The study demonstrates how bibliometric visualisation can provide new insights into an area of literature by better communicating key findings, facilitating the exploration of data, and providing rich information to readers. Findings indicate that TCDM research has moved from broader topics to more specific issues, with a more recent focus on resilience and economic crises. The visualisation of co-authorship networks reveals that major collaborative networks are based on geographic and institutional proximity, dominated by scholars in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia. Seven major research clusters are identified from the visualisation of a co-citation network. The identification of structural holes and bridging papers draws attention to research gaps and future research opportunities in the TCDM field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the last few decades, a growing body of literature has been produced on various aspects of interorganizational relations (IOR) in tourism. This paper provides a review of that literature. The findings are based on a review of 269 empirical papers published in 37 tourism journals between 1989 and the first quarter of 2017. The review identifies six main research themes relating to relationship formation, structure and activities, governance, maintenance, outcomes, and evolution. Based on the insights from this review, an organizing framework for research on IOR in tourism is developed and four opportunities for advancing research on IOR in tourism are proposed relating to the pursuit of causal inference, supply networks as a unit of analysis, quantifying outcomes of IOR in tourism, and addressing marginalized topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a call for research papers on social tourism which is tourism by economically weak people from disadvantaged elements of society. Topics include why "Current Issues in Tourism" is making the request and what the editors are looking for from submitted papers such as examples of social tourism in non-British countries, accompanied with a discussion on various subjects including political, economic, and social systems that support social tourism.

Employer subsidized 'recuperation travel' has emerged in China as a workplace bonus operating predominantly in the public sector. As a novel and emerging tourism model, the potential for recuperation travel could reach as high as 250 million clients, which warrants greater attention from both practitioners and academicians. This paper sheds new insight into recuperation travel in China, through a sentiment analysis of social media posts by both recuperation travel participants and non-participants. The results suggest that most recuperation travel participants (77.6%) expressed positive sentiment, compared with 41.3% of non-participants. This paper identifies and discusses the entrepreneurial opportunities that can be derived from this billion-dollar tourism market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This methodology paper aims to offer useful guidelines for adopting social media in ethnography by reflecting on the two authors' fieldwork experiences of using WeChat to investigate Chinese outbound tourists. The paper suggests social media as an effective tool to support data collection and analysis in ethnographic studies. Particularly, it helps to establish rapport with informants, collects various forms of data, assists in gaining a holistic understanding of the travel experience, makes good use of the fragmented time of participants to collect data, and improves the researcher's wellbeing and effectiveness during fieldwork. In addition, the paper highlights the importance of reflecting on the embedded culture while adopting social media in ethnographic fieldwork. Barriers and challenges to using social media in ethnographic fieldwork are also discussed. We propose six recommendations and suggestions for researchers who may consider using social media in ethnography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This exploratory paper contributes to a theorization of the relationship between leisure travels and subjective well-being (SWB) among older adults. Although it is generally agreed that leisure travel contributes to one's mental well-being, the processes that lead to various forms of well-being are often understudied. It is argued that a more nuanced understanding of these processes can lead to better appreciation of the meanings of travel for the older adults. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with 30 older travellers to garner their thoughts on how leisure travels have contributed to their SWB. Through a thematic analysis of travel narratives, four recurring themes, namely (1) reminiscing the past, (2) bonding with family members, (3) rediscovering self and (4) forming informal networks of care (RBRiC), were identified as processes leading to various elements of SWB among older adults. Although non-exhaustive, these processes reveal the embodied meanings and experiences of travel for the individual and can potentially lead to more meaningful discussions on how various aspects of SWB are attained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyses whether peer-to-peer (P2P) accommodation substitutes traditional accommodation, taking into account dynamic and spatial spillover effects. We also analyse the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic crisis on the demand and substitution effect. To do this, we use a spatial dynamic panel data demand model for occupancy rates related to prices of P2P accommodation units, prices of competitors (hotels and apartments) and income. Its dynamic component allows estimation of the short- and long-term effects of prices and income on P2P accommodation demand. The model was applied to the P2P accommodation demand in the Canary Islands, Spain. The results indicate that, in the pre-pandemic period, occupancy rates were positively autocorrelated, demand was own-price elastic and substitution with hotels was significant in the short-term. This substitution effect and consumer sensitivity to prices and substitution increase in the long term. However, the irruption of COVID-19 largely distorted price and income-elasticities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With peer perceptions of vacation pictures on social media becoming firmly entrenched into the tourist psyche and the destination selection process, this paper buttresses the burgeoning research on social return's influence on travel behaviour through additional theoretical development and empirical investigation. The paper assesses the cross-cultural construct and predictive validity of the Social Return Scale across the United States of America's top-five international travel markets (Canada, Mexico, United Kingdom, Japan, and China) using a modified Theory of Planned Behaviour model grounded in Guttman's means-end chain model and Kenrick's Fundamental Motives Framework. Results confirm the scale's superb validity providing researchers with the theoretical and empirical support to confidently utilize the Social Return Scale to measure the perceived social return of different travel experiences across different contexts and cultures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Formulation of effective policies to enhance the resilience of tourism following the COVID-19 pandemic essentially requires comprehensive empirical information on changes in tourism demand and associated economic costs. The paper makes a novel contribution to tourism literature by employing regionally and temporally disaggregated tourism data and Google search data in improving the accuracy of tourism forecasts. Further, the paper adopts two timeseries variables namely tourist arrivals and guest nights in order to understand the changes due to COVID-19 in tourism demand more comprehensively. Monthly data on international tourist arrivals, guest nights and Google trends from 2004 to 2019 are used to produce regionally disaggregated (Europe, Asia, the Pacific, America, Other) monthly tourism forecasts for Sri Lanka. We find that SARMAX models outperform the other models (ARIMA, ARIMAX, SARIMA) in forecasting tourism demand following COVID-19. Interestingly, the paper makes a further step in utilizing forecasts in estimating foregone economic benefits due to COVID-19 pandemic. We find a notable difference in estimated direct economic loss depending on the variable used in estimates. The percentage loss is 40% when arrival forecasts are used in estimates and 29% when guest night forecasts are used in estimates. This provides important policy implications for improving post-COVID tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we investigate the political uncertainty in China's tourism industry using China's anti-corruption campaign as an exogenous shock. We find that when the Chinese government launched its anti-corruption campaign, firms in the tourism industry experienced a significant decline in firm value, and the effect was stronger for companies majoring in high-end tourism products. In addition, we found that tourism companies' long-term financial performance declined after the anti-corruption campaign. Further analysis suggests that the decrease in firms' financial performance was driven by a decline in demand rather than an increase in cost. Our paper suggests that political uncertainty affects the tourism industry in emerging markets. It also details the theoretical contributions and practical implications of the findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Claudia' is neither a real name nor an owner who puts a room at the service of the collaborative economy. It is a pseudonym used by a transnational company which manages short-rentals apartments: 211 Airbnb listings in Madrid, 138 of which are in the city centre. This paper's main arguments are based on the fact that Madrid city centre is experiencing a process of airbnbisation which is driven by professional actors specialized in the short-term rental business. The analysis of this model includes an in-depth examination of the professionalization, concentration and monopolization of Airbnb in Madrid, from a temporal and territorial perspective. The paper concludes that Airbnb in Madrid is dominated by professional actors specialized in the business of renting apartments as short-term rentals, who mainly operate within the city's Central District, and whose activity does not comply with the principles of the sharing economy. This model has more to do with traditional forms of accommodation than with new hospitality models based on the sharing economy principles, and generates negative impacts on the economic sustainability of the city and its inhabitants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of tourism expenditure is widely recognized, but the spatial patterns of visitor expenditure in cities is so far an unexplored subject. The main aim of this paper is to analyze the spatial distribution of visitor spending using bank card transaction data. Spatial statistics tools are used to identify expenditure clustering patterns and hot spots, distinguishing between national and foreign visitors, and comparing their patterns with those of locals. Our analysis shows that visitor expenditure, and especially that of foreigners, is much more concentrated in the city centre and spatially clustered than local spending. OLS regressions and spatial regression models are used for explaining the spatial distribution of visitor expenditure. Predictors are extracted from old (Cadastre) and new (the social network Foursquare) data sources. Regressions results indicate that socio-symbolic variables have greater explanatory power than physical dimension variables, that expenditure falls sharply with the distance to the city centre, and that the amount of spending in each spatial unit is influenced by the expenditure in the neighbouring spatial units. The paper demonstrates the great potential of this data source to explore with a high level of detail the spatial patterns and drivers of visitor spending within urban destinations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mapping a tourist's travel frequency and behaviour over time (as outlined in the Tourism Experience Life Cycle (TELC)), may be as important as Butler's Tourism Area Life Cycle (TALC) as there is a 'need to understand the life cycle for a tourist' (Dodds, 2020, p. 219). This paper, using a quantitative approach of 980 Canadians, tests the validity of the TELC model to determine if sustainable travel behaviours increase the more a tourist travels. Two hypothesis are tested in this paper. First, the more trips taken by a traveller, the more sustainable their behaviur will be and second, the more a traveller revisits the same destination, the more sustainable their travel behaviour will be. Findings, supported through ANOVA and hierarchical multi-step regression, show that there is a relationship between the number of trips taken and sustainable behaviour. The greater the number of domestic and/or international trips that a leisure traveller takes, the more likely their behaviour while travelling will be more sustainable. On the other hand, findings also outline that the more frequently a visitor returns to the same destination, the less likely they will practice sustainable travel behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite plenty of studies on employees' pro-environmental attitudes and behaviours, green promotive behaviour (GPromVB) and green prohibitive voice behaviour (GProhVB) and their predictors have not been investigated so far. With this realization, our paper explores the interrelationships of corporate social responsibility (CSR), workplace spirituality (WPS), GPromVB, and GProhVB. Data collected from hotel employees in two waves and their supervisors in Northern Cyprus were tapped to gauge the aforementioned associations via structural equation modelling. Results implicitly reveal that employees' favourable perceptions of CSR enhance their feelings of WPS, which in turn leads to GPromVB and GProhVB at elevated levels. In conclusion, WPS mediates the effect of CSR on GPromVB and GProhVB. Based on these findings, our paper offers implications for the industry and academia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper investigates tourist information behaviour on-site in light of the ubiquitous access to information afforded by smartphones. The study problematizes existing literature on information search behaviour and connects it with theories of unplanned behaviour. Through the concept of planned serendipity, the paper highlights how tourist information behaviour is a complex phenomenon that does not necessarily answer to a dichotomy between spontaneity and planning. The study employs a combination of Experience Sampling Method and semi-structured interviews, which allow the researcher to collect data both during and after the trip. Four themes are identified that challenge key assumptions in tourist information behaviour literature: (1) emergent and contingent plans, (2) cognitive effort on-site: iterative and specific search process, (3) tourist-centric orientation in time and space, (4) aiming for optimization. The paper concludes that tourists' 'phygital' information environment both enables and constrains serendipity. The dichotomy of structure vs. serendipity is not sufficient to explain the role of serendipity in travel planning, where planned and unplanned behaviour coexist. The paper also contributes to the methodological landscape of research on tourist experiences and shows that everyday technologies like the smartphone can be harnessed to access the on-site stage, reducing recall bias and increasing ecological validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reports on a study which explored how a sense of love is experienced in diaspora tourist experiences. Semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted with the Sierra Leonean community in London, England, accessing the feelings and meanings of the tourists. Following thematic analysis, it was revealed that the emotion of love manifested itself as a tourist motivator, as on-site experience emotion and as an outcome of the visiting experience. The paper adds to the body of knowledge on diaspora tourism and positive tourism, tourism and positive psychology. The article reveals the non-economic value of diaspora tourism with regards to developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The economic impact of sporting events continues to attract the interest of academics and marketers globally. This paper aims to identify the issues concerning methodological rigour within the data collection process in relation to contemporary sporting event impact assessment studies. A critical review of tourism and sports literature was undertaken to propose an integrated data collection framework and scenario-driven research agenda. The paper contributes to existing knowledge in the field by systemising common methodological challenges and revealing alternative research paths with the aim of ensuring a methodologically reliable data collection process. The rationale for conducting the research is reflected in the fact that methodological issues related to data collection represent a common obstacle to accurate assessment of the economic impact of sporting events. The framework and research agenda could prove to be a valuable guideline for authors interested in researching the subject matter and thus would contribute to the progression of academic knowledge. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The inauguration of high-speed rail (HSR) services is often associated with renewed expectations of revitalization of local tourism activity in sparsely populated regions. However, the empirical literature on the actual ex-post effects of this transport mode is scarce. This paper contributes to this line of research by estimating the causal impact of the HSR on the number of visitors in three small cities located in low-density areas in Spain. Our results, using the synthetic control method, robustly show that the ex-post causal effects of the HSR on overnight visitors are insignificant and, if any, they seem to exert a negative influence rather than a positive contribution. This suggests that smaller cities should be very cautious about the short-run expected impacts of transport improvements, and policy makers and planners should be aware of the actual contribution of such investments in their assessment of the net social benefits of HSR projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Previous studies on the determinants of household tourism expenditure have assumed that households independently determine their tourism expenditure. However, the possible influence of neighbours on tourism expenditure has been overlooked. This study is the first to apply spatial lag analysis to investigate the neighbour effect in the determination of rural household tourism expenditure. The results indicate that there is a significant neighbour effect on the tourism expenditure of rural households. This neighbour effect varies by region and by household head attributes. This paper suggests that the neighbour effect does help to explain household tourism consumption in rural areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the number of studies on sport tourism has increased in recent years, there is a shortage of systematic reviews. This study meta-analytically investigated 40 correlation matrices on the determinants that affect the decision-making of sport tourists from the articles published in sport and tourism journals. By conducting a comprehensive meta-analysis, this paper revealed that the decision-making determinants of sport tourists include nostalgia, attitude, motivation, behavioural intention, event quality, destination image, tourist satisfaction, perceived value, future intention, destination loyalty, and place attachment. The correlations among these determinants were integrated into a framework with 16 hypotheses tested. This paper is the first meta-analysis of the determinants that affect the decision-making of sport tourists, thus providing implications for future research and sport tourism marketing and planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a review of 176 papers on wine tourism published between 1995–2014, highlighting research fields, wine regions studied, theory and methodologies used, journals and authors publishing wine tourism research. This paper aims to provide a reference guide for future researchers through a systematic review of wine tourism research over 20 years. The study contributes to the existing literature reviews of wine tourism and consequently, identifies key gaps for further study. Wine production and wine tourism have very different business foci within wineries. However, the findings reveal the importance of strengthening the synergies between wine production and tourism to be successful. In addition, findings revealed different research agendas between New World and Old World wine countries, where the former has a focus on wine tourism while the later on wine production. There has been an increase in theory building which highlights the complexity of the wine tourism experience. Based on this review, the wine tourism research framework developed by Carlsen (2004) has been extended to include two themes: regional development and the experiential wine tourist. The results reveal relevant findings for academics, winemakers and tourism managers regarding the background and future trends of wine tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The work focuses on the changes that the MeToo movement brought to tourism and the hospitality industry since its beginning in October 2017. Social media has been previously found as an important tool in tourism, but its impact on social change has been questioned. By applying the Google Advanced Search options and analyzing the Web of Science (WoS) database, the work analyzes news, websites, cases, blogs, academic papers and white papers. Following the PRISMA protocol for systematic reviews, the work shows how the MeToo movement selectively influenced employees, tourists and guests in different sub-sectors of tourism and hospitality in the United States. The changes were mainly related to the identity of the offenders. Solidarity with the victims was found as less relevant in this case. The hotel sector presents the most prevalent change, including policies and educational goals, followed by the restaurant sector, airlines and the event sector. Places outside of the USA, as well as single travellers and passengers, were found to be less protected by these changes, and may be at risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tourism as a social phenomenon is still in a status of ethicality that we hope can be improved. However, we still do not know how to effectively enhance morally guided tourism. It is argued that this knowledge gap is attributed to the absence of an appropriate philosophical underpinning informing the epistemological approaches adopted in ethical tourism studies. In this paper, the author posits that critical realism is a robust and fruitful underlabourer that will help researchers to uncover the 'deep' domain of ethical tourism. It is proposed that future research should investigate (1) what structural, cultural, and agential emergent properties of the systemic components of the ethical tourism system are operant, and (2) how a generative mechanism functions to influence, not determine, the moral conduct of tourism stakeholders. By addressing these two areas of knowledge, we will be able to understand how things work in ethical tourism so that we can make changes to enhance its uptake. Some examples are provided to illustrate how a realist inquiry can be carried out. It is hoped this paper will initiate further discussions on theorizing ethicality in tourism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Drawing upon research from six volunteer projects in Cambodia, this paper explores the volunteer host community as a 'space' that has its own rules and normalized ways of behaving that influences the assistance prospective beneficiaries receive. Underpinned by Bourdieu's theory of field's, qualitative interviews and participant observation is conducted with both volunteers and hosts. This paper concludes that volunteer project rules are not homogeneous and that normalized ways of behaving can lead to unregulated and unsustainable practice but also integrated and productive outcomes. This suggests a more regulative and structured approach to volunteer tourism led by media and volunteers themselves may enhance the sustainable foundation of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The millennial generation has gradually become a major employee segment of the hotel industry. Using organizational identification and job satisfaction as mediators, this paper develops a dual path model regarding the influence of work values on millennial employees' turnover intentions. Panel data were obtained in two waves from two high-class hotel millennial employees with a time lag of ten weeks. The results showed that the intrinsic preference and long-term development dimensions of their work values lower millennial employees' turnover intentions by the partial mediation of their organizational identification and job satisfaction. At the same time, the utilitarian orientation, interpersonal harmony and innovative orientation only decrease their turnover intentions through organizational identification or job satisfaction. This paper makes theoretical contributions by finding that millennial employees have some distinctive behavioural characteristics by clarifying the relationship between the millennial employees' work values and turnover intentions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]