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Purpose of Review: The management of orbital tumours has evolved significantly over the last two decades, as the body of knowledge about these tumours grows and new techniques are introduced that reduce surgical morbidity. The purpose of this review is to highlight and evaluate the most recent advancements in the management of these tumours., Recent Findings: Several recent retrospective series emphasize the broad range of pathologic processes that can arise within the orbit. In addition, there have been a number of recent studies describing advances in endonasal endoscopic techniques for resection of orbital tumours., Summary: This articles summarizes the current opinion regarding the management of orbital tumours. Recent studies reviewing the range of diseases that affect the orbit and technical advances are summarized.

Purpose of Review: Timely recognition of vascular compromise of free flaps is crucial to salvaging failing flaps. This review summarizes the most recent available literature about free flap monitoring over the period of 2008-2009. Novel techniques are discussed., Recent Findings: Several case series have been published that highlight interesting methods for free flap monitoring; however, concerns of impracticality abound. The implantable Doppler has been used in a large case series with good success. Externalization of a flap component has undergone refinement in technique with success. Measurement of tissue oxygen tension and blood flow with PET is possible. Microendoscopy has been proposed as a possible technique for accessible flaps to assess capillary blood flow. Several retrospective studies elucidated trends in free flap compromise in the postoperative period, which confirm prior findings., Summary: We provide an overview of recent techniques for free flap monitoring. No single technique provides an ideal method for free flap monitoring, but these methods may prove promising with future research and refinement. New techniques in free flap monitoring largely remain out of the scope of reasonable implementation.

Purpose of Review: Gunshot wounds to the head and neck result in significant bone and soft tissue loss. These defects pose a challenge to the facial reconstructive surgeon. This paper reviews the current literature on the management of ballistic injuries to the head and neck and outlines a treatment algorithm., Recent Findings: With recent advances in free tissue transfer, early definitive reconstruction of bone and soft tissue deficits with vascularized flaps has become the treatment of choice. Computed tomography angiography of the neck has been shown to be a sensitive, specific, and safe technique in screening for vascular injuries., Summary: Management of ballistic injuries to the head and neck begins with advanced trauma life support protocols. Computed tomography angiography is now widely available and provides an accurate and rapid evaluation of head and neck vasculature. The initial operation aims to establish occlusion, stabilize bone and close soft tissue defects. Serial debridement of wounds with delayed reconstruction has given way to early definitive repair with vascularized tissue. This has led to improved function, fewer operations, and shorter hospital stays.