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Background: Uveitis is one of the most common extra-articular manifestations of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Currently, the possibility of reducing the risk of uveitis in children with JIA by using methotrexate has been studied. Objective: Our aim was to analyze the results of treatment of children with JIA by studying the relation between the use of methotrexate and the risk of uveitis. Methods: A retrospective uncontrolled study. The case histories of patients with JIA who were treated for at least 2 years after the onset of the disease were studied. The results of treatment of patients who received and who did not receive methotrexate were studied (standard therapy — non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and intra-articular injections of glucocorticoids). The established cases of uveitis were taken into account. Results: The study analyzed the results of observation of 281 children with JIA. In the methotrexate group, uveitis was detected in 22/191 (11.5%), and in the control group — in 42/90 (46.7%) of patients (OR 6.7; 95% CI 3.7–12.3). The time period between the onset of JIA and development of uveitis in two groups under study was the same and equal to 24 (12; 67) and 17 months (7; 35), respectively (p = 0.232). Multivariate regression analysis showed that the main predictors of uveitis were oligoarticular course of JIA (HR = 1.89), positive antinuclear antibody test (HR = 2.14), onset of JIA under the age of 5 (HR = 2.56), female gender (HR = 1.82), and the absence of methotrexate in the therapy (HR = 0.24). Conclusion : The treatment with methotrexate may reduce the risk of uveitis in patients with JIA. To confirm this hypothesis, randomized studies are needed.

Mucopolysaccharidosis is the group of hereditary metabolic disorders; it is characterized by accumulation of glycosaminoglycans owing to storage of specific lysosomal enzymes. Background : Research objective was to study the influence of enzyme replacement therapy on a somatic state and psychomotor development of children with mucopolysaccharidosis type I and II of various severity in dynamics and to estimate its efficiency. Patients and methods : The data of five years' supervision over 13 patients with mucopolysaccharidosis type I and II is used in the research. During the work the therapy efficiency analysis is made by the following criteria: data of objective examinations, ultrasound investigation of liver, spleen and heart, quantitative determination of excretion of urine glycosaminoglycans, assessment of articular and abarticular affection by JADI scale, assessment of social age and social coefficient by Doll's scale. Results : The reliable distinctions in the contents of urine glycosaminoglycans and also by results of an objective assessment of the liver and spleen sizes and of ultrasonic research of the spleen area in 6 and 12 months of treatment in comparison with basic data are received. The reliable decrease in social coefficient indicator at the first stage of therapy is registered, and then distinctions have insignificant character. There was no essential dynamics of the articular status on treatment that is connected with process stabilization. There are no reliable evidences of both positive and negative dynamics on myocardium involvement, ultrasonic characteristics of the sizes of hepatic lobes. Conclusion : Enzyme replacement therapy is an effective method of treatment of somatic manifestations of various types of mucopolysaccharidosis.