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The article focuses on the challenges and costs associated with adhering to specific manuscript formatting requirements imposed by journals, highlighting the significant economic burden on researchers and suggesting a pragmatic approach to ease the formatting process. Topics include the frustration of authors with time-consuming formatting, the unclear instructions from journals regarding formatting.

A bibliometric analysis based on 1845 highly cited papers extracted from the Essential Science Indicators database was carried out to provide insights into publication performances and research characteristics of type-2 diabetes mellitus. Indicators were applied to evaluate the influence of the most productive journals, countries/territories, organizations and authors. Social network analysis was performed to evaluate and visualize the interaction among productive countries/territories, organizations, authors and keywords using VOSviewer software. Results obtained from this study can provide valuable information for researchers to better identify present and future hotspots in type-2 diabetes-related fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Research papers published by Chinese and Indian researchers during 1998-2007 and cited at least 100 times by end of 2009 are analysed. There were 776 papers with at least one author from India (amounting to 0.32% of all papers from India) and 2260 papers with at least one author from China (0.4% of all papers from China) that have gone on to be cited at least 100 times. We have identified prominent authors and institutions, journals used and fields of research. Although highly cited Chinese papers were cited on average less often than the highly cited papers from India, Chinese authors have been able to place their papers in high impact journals such as Nature and Science far more often than Indian authors. The Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai and Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Bangalore are the prominent Indian institutions, whereas universities in Hong Kong, Peking University, Tshing Hua University and several institutions under the Chinese Academy of Science dominate in China. In terms of citations, Chinese National Human Genome Centre Shanghai, Shanghai, tops the list. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to analyse the characteristics of highly cited papers (HCPs) in the research field of geosciences based on the Essential Science Indicators database, which is widely used to evaluate institutions and researchers. Multi-aspects, including country/region's productivity distribution, organizations, authors, detailed categories and hot topics, journals and implications of collaboration networks have been explored in this study. The main findings are: (1) USA ranks first in geosciences research with over 60% global share, with most of the leading organizations (12 out of 15) also from that country. (2) The percentage of international collaborations is high in this research field; the collaboration shows tangled networks among countries/regions (organizations) and also indicates close connections worldwide. (3) Despite the dominance of USA in productivity, only 5 of the top 15 authors are from that country, and relatively tight collaboration networks are found among the top authors. (4) The current high-level researches in geosciences focus on meteorology, geochemistry, geophysics, remote sensing and oceanography, and topics involving climate change draw most of the attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that Suman Chakraborty, a professor of Mechanical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur won the 2022 Infosys Prize in Engineering and Computer Science for his contributions to deepening the understanding of fluid mechanics at micro and nanoscales. Topics include examines Chakraborty's innovations have led to the development of low-cost medical devices for healthcare in resource-limited areas.

This work deals with the performance of a microbial fuel cell, focusing on the electrocatalytic activity of selected cathodes constructed by coating nanocomposites over graphite felt under neutral pH in a doublechamber configuration using paper-recycled waste water as a typical electrolyte. Among all cathodes, iron phthalocyanine (FePc) combined multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) shows the highest power density (9.34 W/m2) compared to other two catalysts, FePc/Ketjan black (4.68 W/m2) and MWCNT (2.9 W/m2) under similar conditions of using a reference platinum/carbon (Pt/C) loading of 0.5 mg/cm2. The morphology of these catalyst coated electrodes was characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Their electrocatalytic activities were examined using cyclic voltammetry. This work provides an appropriate alternative for cathode catalysts in treatment as well as in electricity production as demonstrated by the high power density of the above catalysts compared to that using precious Pt metal catalyst in microbial fuel cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Properly citing the contributions of rival groups in research papers is a contentious issue which touches many inter-related themes such as due acknowledgement, priority and deception. To felicitate the 60th anniversary of the announcement of the accurate double helix model of DNA by James Watson and Francis Crick, I analysed the citation patterns of rival groups in their four seminal papers that they published in 1953 and 1954. I found that proper citations of the previous model-building studies of William Astbury and Bruce Fraser appear somewhat sloppy in the four seminal papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined the incidence rate of reviews being mislabelled by Scopus, and compared this rate with Web of Science (WoS), PubMed and official websites of publishers. Top 400 cited publications defined by Scopus as ‘articles’ were examined. Their contents were evaluated to see if any were actually reviews. These publications were cross-checked in WoS, PubMed and publisher websites to identify the assigned document type labels. Out of the 400 Scopus ‘articles’, 117 were reviews (29.3%). The official websites of publishers had 16.0% incidence of mislabelled reviews, which was less than Scopus (29.3%) but more than WoS (14.1%) and PubMed (1.9%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prahalad Chunnilal Vaidya was an eminent general relativist, gravitation theorist, physicist, mathematician, educationist and a follower of Gandhian philosophy in post-independence India. Apart from his scientific career, Vaidya is renowned for his Vaidya metric. Though he has contributed significantly to the scientific community, very few people are aware about him or his contributions. As 23 May 2019 was the 101st birth anniversary of Vaidya, here we present his contributions and their impact through a bibliometric study. This study presents an analysis of published research works of Vaidya. During his active career, he had contributed 102 publications, including 90 journal articles, 5 conference papers, 4 book chapters, 2 review articles and 1 report. His publications have received 2004 citations, h-index of 18 and i10-index of 29 from 1979 to 2018. We analysed Vaidya's publications by type, country, journals, publishers, citations, year-wise growth, collaborated authors, top cited papers, etc. This bibliometric study is an effort to draw the attention of the younger generation of scientists to Vaidya and his contributions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses that researchers from Nagarjuna Post Graduate College of Science and Pt Ravishankar Shukla University have collaborated with colleagues at the Guru Ghasidas Vishwavidyalaya have invented a low-cost method, smartphone-integrated paper sensor for detecting pesticides in food.

Apart from citation counting, the study of recorded acknowledgements by researchers as a recognizable metric to evaluate peer influence is currently gaining momentum. As a metric, acknowledgements have an advantage over citations. Whereas citations can be copied and pasted from one publication to the next by an unscrupulous researcher without being studied in depth, acknowledgements cannot be lifted in such a duplicitous style. Here I present an exploratory survey of acknowledgement patterns in journal papers by Francis Crick. Five principal categories (namely, moral, financial, editorial, instrumental/technical and conceptual) were studied from 104 papers authored by Crick, either solely or collaboratively, over a span of five decades. To the best of my knowledge, there are no earlier studies where acknowledgement patterns of a well-recognized interdisciplinary scientist are reported cumulatively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the present study is to analyse the highly cited papers from India. The Science Citation Index Expanded database was used to retrieve the related bibliographic records. Grouping and reclassification of institutions with misspellings and variants have been done. The most productive institutions, collaborating partners and Y-index of the contributing authors were examined. Results revealed that all the highly cited papers from India did not receive citations in the early years after publication. Co-authored (or international collaboration) papers received more citation impact than single-authored ones. USA was the preferred collaborative partner for international collaboration. The Indian Institutes of Technology, CSIR organizations, and Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru were the leading Indian institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses research which focused on the use of deinked paper mill sludge to produce bricks, conducted by S. K. Singh of the Indian Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) and colleagues, published in a 2018 issue of the "Journal of Cleaner Production." Topics explored include the recycling of waste printed paper, the cellulose fibre content of paper mill sludge, and the brick making process performed.

Scientific biomedical papers widely use chemicals, reagents and/or equipment. These are described in the materials and methods section. The source of these methodological props needs to be precisely defined for scientific and proprietary reasons. The commercial source or grade of a chemical can affect the quality and outcome of an analysis, e.g. in plant tissue culture. Failure to recognize the commercial source deprives a company of its due proprietary investment in a product, reduces reproducibility and thus constitutes an incomplete or erroneous methodology. Such errors should be corrected, which should be the responsibility of authors, editors and publishers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a disease characterized by intermittent hypoxemia and sleep fragmentation. Studies conducted previously to assess cognitive functions in OSA have shown variable results. OSA is one of the increasingly common disorders in India. OSA typically shows 'tip of iceberg' phenomenon, i.e. very few diagnosed cases even with high prevalence. Thus, in a country with one of the highest number of road traffic accidents and occupational accidents, it becomes even more important to assess all OSA patients for cognitive functions especially with choice reaction time which is a very good indicator of real life situations such as vehicular driving and demanding occupational task. Thus, we compared cognitive functions in 30 cases of OSA with 30 age, sex and education matched control using standardized paper based tests and choice reaction time. We found choice reaction time to be severely affected in OSA. Amongst various domains of cognition, attention and executive functions were significantly affected in OSA. Also, there was decline in psychomotor abilities and memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critics not withstanding, citations seems to have gained a golden currency status in contemporary research. Among the 58 million items collected in the Thomson Reuters' Web of Science database, 100 of the most cited papers up to 7 October 2014 were presented in Nature last year. I present an analysis of the most cited papers such as: (1) how many of the 100 ranked papers were sole-authored or double-authored; (2) distribution pattern of these papers along the decades, between 1925 and 2008, and (3) cited number of references in 83 of the accessible ranked papers. Thirty-one among the 100 most cited papers were sole-authored. Nine science Nobel laureates (Frederick Sanger, Walter Kohn, Roger Tsien, Erwin Neher, Bert Sakmann, Kary Mullis, Oliver Smithies, Georges Kohler and Cesar Milstein) have authored eight of the most cited papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple, universally adaptable techniques for fabricating conductive patterns are required to translate laboratory- scale innovations into low-cost solutions for the developing world. Silver nanostructures have emerged as attractive candidates for forming such conductive patterns. We report here the in situ formation of conductive silver-nanowire networks on paper, thereby eliminating the need for either cost-intensive ink formulation or substrate preparation or complex postdeposition sintering steps. Reminiscent of the photographic process of 'salt printing', a desktop office printer was used to deposit desired patterns of silver bromide on paper, which were subsequently exposed to light and then immersed in a photographic developer. Percolating silver nanowire networks that conformally coated the paper fibres were formed after 10 min of exposure to light from a commercial halogen lamp. Thus, conductive and patterned films with sheet resistances of the order of 4 Ω/□ can be easily formed by combining two widely used processes - inkjet printing and photographic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BRICS countries (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) together accounted for about 17.3% of total research papers in science and engineering published in 2011 compared to 7.6% in 1995, whereas their contribution to total doctorates produced in science and engineering in 2010 was 31.2% of the world total. India held second position in 1995 amongst BRICS countries and was behind Russia, whereas in 2011, China not only replaced Russia but also attained second position in publishing science and engineering research papers in the world, next only to USA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A review of the article "Agricultural biotechnology and crop productivity: macro-level evidences on contribution of Bt cotton in India" by S.K. Srivastava and D. Kolady, is presented.

In recent years, ghostwriting phenomenon has reached a dangerous level in China, partly due to the great ease of making ghostwriting transactions through the internet. However, there has been little literature trying to answer such questions as how many ghostwritten papers are published each year and how much monetary value is generated in the ghostwriting business. In order to answer these questions, we performed an empirical analysis to find the number and monetary value of ghostwritter papers in China. Our results show that there are nearly 1800 full-time equivalent ghostwriters in China who produced nearly 8000 ghostwritten papers in 2011, which is 0.1% of the total number of papers published in the same year in the country. Furthermore, there was a total monetary value of more than 4.46 million US dollars generated in the ghostwriting business in 2011. Our estimated results will provide firm data support for policy-making related to ghostwriting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We scientists, whether struggling or not, need colleagues to cite our papers, and increasingly so; we also need to carry out worthwhile research. I present a strategy that simultaneously enhances citations and research quality, but is simple and straightforward. Yet it is rarely adopted, perhaps because it requires integration of a particular approach with necessary tools, aided through feedback, and the tools can be difficult to implement. The approach has four goals: high significance, high influence, excellent presentation and sustained effort. Achievement of these goals is more likely if the tools are used and helpful feedback obtained. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This note aims at preparing a list of papers on the contribution of native Bengali authors during the 19th century in the field of science and technology (S&T). A distribution profile of subjects and authorship pattern has also been prepared. The major sources of information are the Catalogue of Scientific Papers of the Royal Society of London; A Bibliography of Physics, Astronomy, Astrophysics and Geophysics in India: 1800-1950 compiled by S. N. Sen and Santimay Chatterjee; The Centenary Review of the Asiatic Society and the Index to the publications of the Asiatic Society (1788-1953). Other sources such as available bibliographies of authors, primary journals and Internet resources have also been used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports that Kiran Sharma from the BML Munjal University, Gurugram investigated patterns of retractions from 1981 to 2020 through team size and retracted citations, and she extracted retracted papers indexed by the Web of Science and found retracted publications in the database.

The article reports on receiving of more than 5,000 citations by a research paper authored by Indian scientists as of May 2015. It states that the paper has been published by researchers from Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur which focuses multiobjective evolutionary algorithms that use nondominated sorting and sharing and mentions that according to database website Web of Science most of the citations have been received from China.

The article explores the research output of India compared to Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa (BRICS) countries in publishing pharmacology, toxicology and pharmaceutics research papers. Topics discussed include information on the second position of India in terms of publishing research papers in science and engineering; and the efforts for developing innovation based research, establishing science parks and bolstering training of technology transfer by the BRICS countries.

The article focuses on race for light, low-cost, and flexible energy storage devices keeps many scientists on their toes and researchers has prepared nickel nanoparticles by reducing a nickel chloride solution including the nanoparticles has dipped a piece of ordinary paper into the solution.

A review of the article "Genius in medicine" by S.A. Pai and S.K. Pandya, which appeared in the periodical "Current Science", is presented.

The article explores whether the contributions from the readers will have an impact on science and scientific discourse. It states that a citation analysis was conducted to assess whether the contributions have received noticeable number of citations and whether the contents are of local or more of global character. It also highlights the importance of the contributions to science in general and citations were noted despite their short length.

The article discusses a study into the trend in publishing research papers in non-English languages based on the Web of Science (WoS) Core Collection database. Topics covered include the preference for publishing research papers in English, the decline in the number of non-English papers since 2011, and the top non-English languages used in research papers such as German, Chinese and Portuguese.

The article discusses whether the cover page papers should contain more citations. It mentions factors contributed to citations in any journal including publishing in high impact journals, articles that are discussed in media and article stirring up controversies. It also mentions graph depicting journals which published as American Chemical Society journals cover page papers including "Analytical Chemistry", "Inorganic Chemistry" and "Journal of Organic Chemistry".

The article discusses the workshop on "Technological Empowerment of Women and Scientific Paper Writing," that was organized by the NASI-Uttarakhand Chapter and the Uttarakhand State Council for Science & Technology in Dehradun from June 17-18, 2014 at the Graphic Era University in Dehradun, India.

In this article, the author focuses on rejections of scientific papers. He states that individual performance is based on quantitative indicators and not on qualitative aspects which has resulted in the downgrade of scientific papers. He further states that researchers are just running ahead in order to maximize publication numbers and citation counts as a result of which they are not able to give much time on the qualitative aspects of the research.

The article discusses the contribution of India and China towards scientific collaboration by analyzing several scientific papers written by their scientists in the periodical "Nature" using the Science Citation Index-Expanded for the period 1945 till date. It mentions that India and China have had 572 and 588 publications each but after citations (C) were taken, China had 75,688 citations in response to 23,404 by India.

The article focuses on the concerns related to publication of research journals. Topics discussed include lack of new knowledge in research papers which are published with a purpose to increase the number of publication, rising commercialization in field of research publication and need of minimal number of research publications to get doctoral degree or faculty/scientist position.

A chart is presented depicting the global average citations per paper (CPP)-data for rankings in physics in India.

The article reports on the contribution of India and China in the publications of research articles in "Nature," an international journal of science. It includes a table and a chart depicting the number of publications by India and China from 1945 to 2012 which shows the contribution of China to be slightly higher than that of India. Also included is the Nature Publishing Index Asia-Pacific that tracks the number of research journals from the Asia Pacific region.

The article presents information on qualitative and quantitative data which reports the foraging shift of honey bees and reduction in the population of honey bees. As stated, colony collapse disaster is considered as the main cause for decline in bee population and agricultural productivity. It is further mentioned that urbanization has resulted in excessive use of disposable cups which may lead to bee collapse in India and in rest of the world.

Long-term experiments are essential in understanding the ecological consequences of global land use and climate change. Further, it is well established that longterm data sets are prerequisites for effective management of forest resources and biodiversity conservation. In view of this, the present study attempts to contribute to major global long-term ecological monitoring (LTEM) networks and the status of LTEM studies in India with a special focus on Indian Himalayan Region. Over the last 40 years, around 103 countries from the America, Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia have been engaged in LTEM studies on various aspects of biodiversity, monitoring and predicting climate change impacts in a range of ecosystems, including the mountains. The temporal distribution of past studies on the subject shows a gradual increasing pattern (3 papers in 1992) with a peak during 2021 (105 papers). The established LTEM networks across the globe provide a significant empirical basis for understanding ecosystem structure and dynamics. Literature indicates plenty of permanent monitoring plots from India, mostly from southern India, and their significant contribution to ecosystem understanding. Himalayan regions are important sites for monitoring biological and socio-ecological responses to environmental perturbations, including climate change. LTEM studies are lacking in the IHR; only a few sites have been established, mostly in alpine ecosystems. This review identifies research gaps, opportunities with respect to LTEM studies, and the possibilities for strengthening long-term research and observation in India in general and the Himalaya in particular. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the study conducted by C. Zhang and colleagues which examines the status of perishable food items through chemical indicators such as bimetallic nanocrystals. The study is investigated by the aqueous solution of cetyltrimethylammonium chloride, ascorbic acid solution (AA) and gold (Au) nanorod solution. Results show that bimetallic nanocrystals can be used as indicator to know the state of the quality of the packed product.

The present article explores the potential and usefulness of virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) technologies in space engineering. VR is a realistic, interactive 3D computer-created world that you can explore as if you really are there. In this work, we explored VR technology usage in space borne systems and engineering. Usually, designers use native mechanical design software like CATIA and CREO to design and analyse various systems and subsystems. System designers must also analyse system interfaces, intricacies, and alignments from all angles in an interactive and immersive fashion to foresee and avoid potential issues. Therefore, an in-house virtual reality solution is developed to understand a complex engineering sub-system/system; its assembly, dis-assembly; sectional views and perform 360-degree analysis of system/sub-systems by direct interaction in a virtual environment. This technical paper also explores the use of AR technology for various users to understand intricate engineering models and assist the crew members remotely, even in case of unavailability of proper communication. The AR application is equipped with interactive simulations and demonstrations, enabling engineers to manipulate and investigate 3D models in a mixed-reality environment. Application is designed in a generalized way to take any complex engineering model as an input. The contribution of this work to the field of space technology lies in its innovative approach and in-house developments to visualize and interact with complex models through VR and AR-based solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers of a country can provide interesting insights concerning authors, institutions, collaboration patterns and even useful recommendations for future research policy. The purpose of this study is to conduct bibliometric analysis of highly cited papers from Taiwan. Data used in the study were extracted from the SCI-Expanded database of the Web of Science Core Collection of Thomson Reuters. Authorship, collaboration pattern and Y-index were reported. Results showed that highly cited papers might not have high citations in early years and may be published in journals with low impact factors. International collaboration was responsible for the increasing number of highly cited papers over the years. Institutions can be categorized into three phenotypes and majority of the institutions were characterized with high dependency and low leadership in the collaboration. The United States was the leading choice for international collaboration, while National Taiwan University was the leading choice of institutions for domestic collaboration. With a few exceptions, leading authors tended to be the corresponding author, rather than the first author as in previous studies. It is speculated that this phenomenon may be due to a pecking order among institutions, traditional Confucius values of seniority, and inequality in resource allocation by funding agencies. Providing more balanced research funding, increasing the number of Ph D students studying abroad, eliminating gift authorships, especially partners in a project but not in papers and increasing the emphasis on independent research may be needed to amend the observed patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The author suggests the writing of research articles by scientists being anonymous; and mentions that the publications represents a way of collecting points for promotion and grants, and for enhancing status. He comments on the need for science to focus on ideas not names. He states that limitations on the number of papers written by a researcher will be a restriction to the personal freedom of writing.

A letter to the editor is presented in response to the article by Sohoni, P., the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services and Myers, J. P. related to the negative effects of thermal printed paper in the January 10, 2016 issue.

Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) has successfully launched its second civilian C-band Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) mission onboard Earth Observation Satellite-04 (EOS-04). The SAR data monitors and measures various atmospheric features and parameters. In this paper, we report on the investigation of EOS-04 data for several atmospheric phenomena. One of the crucial parameters for studying atmospheric manifestations in SAR data is ocean surface winds and an algorithm for its retrieval has been developed using EOS-04 data. The wind speed products thus generated are evaluated using observations from the Advanced Scatterometer and subsequently used to study atmospheric phenomena like boundary layer structures. The EOS-04 SAR data is also demonstrated for studying structures associated with tropical cyclones, coupling of rain and wind imprints and distinct signatures of an atmospheric front. The study outcomes are used to interpret atmospheric phenomena and understand backscattering signals from EOS-04 SAR. This indicates the possibility and potential of a gamut of atmospheric phenomena that can be probed using EOS-04 SAR data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

EOS-04 (Earth Observation Satellite-04), launched on 14 February 2022, is a follow-on mission to Indian Space Research Organisation’s first synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite RISAT-1. It is capable of imaging in either side of the track with incidence angle range from 12.2° to 55.1°. Onboard SAR system supports variety of resolution and swath requirements and can operate in various modes like StripMap, ScanSAR and Sliding Spotlight modes with various polarization combinations like linear, hybrid and full/quad polarimetry. EOS-04 is the first spaceborne SAR mission worldwide supporting full-polarimetry (FP) data acquisitions in ScanSAR modes. Availability of FP datasets in wide swath modes (ScanSAR modes) is a big step towards scientific analysis for various applications in a timebound manner. For enabling interferometric processing, EOS-04 orbits are being maintained within the baseline requirements of 500 m. EOS-04 has 17 days repetivity resulting in less temporal decorrelation to use the datasets for various deformation studies. In addition to this, analysis ready data (ARD) product, normalized radar backscatter (NRB) Gamma0 product, are introduced to minimize the user efforts for any immediate analysis. In NRB Gamma0 products, terrain induced variations particularly on hill-slopes affecting the brightness of the radar return is normalized by applying radiometric terrain correction (RTC) on SAR images. This paper discusses about the data processing aspects related to calibration, polarimetry, interferometry and NRB Gamma0 product generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization has brought a revolutionary change in every walk of human life, giving the average person many digital options for payment and settlement. Information communication technology enabled the transformation of our banking system from paper to virtual mode, facilitating speedy and secure fund transfers. Post-demonetization (8 November 2016), the cashless economy got a boost, and about 98% of transactions have become cashless. A cashless policy empowers industries, leading to an increase in employment opportunities and reducing cash-oriented fraud. The Reserve Bank of India- Digital Payments Index was recorded at 349.30 as of March 2022 against 304.06 for September 2021, indicating significant growth, rapid adoption and deepening of digital payment across the nation. During the financial year 2021–22, digital transactions surged to 7195 crores, with the value increasing to Rs 17.44 billion. There is a strong need to make policies for protection against cyberattacks, encourage digital literacy, and ensure adequate rural penetration of internet connectivity and banking infrastructure, with awareness among rural masses to strengthen organized indigenous markets. This article provides an insight into the cashless economy and the impact of digital innovation on India’s financial system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]