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Our knowledge in vascular anomalies has grown tremendously in the past decade with the identification of key molecular pathways and genetic mutations that drive the development of vascular tumors and vascular malformations. This has led us to better understand the pathogenesis of vascular lesions, refine their diagnosis and update their classification while also exploring the opportunity for a targeted molecular treatment. This paper aims to provide an overview of venous malformations (VM) in childhood. Specific entities include common VMs, cutaneo-mucosal VM, blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome or Bean syndrome, glomuvenous malformation, cerebral cavernous malformation, familial intraosseous vascular malformation and verrucous venous malformation. The clinicopathological features and the molecular basis of each entity are reviewed.

Paediatric dermatopathology, auto-inflammatory disorders, nodules, neonates, infants, bullous eruption in infancy, panniculitis, congenital cystic masses of the neck, subcutaneous spindle cell neoplasms, ichthyoses, childhood melanoma, congenital cysts, pseudo-malignancy, venous malformations, tuberous sclerosis complex Paediatric dermatopathology covers a wide range of disorders including genodermatoses, cutaneous and sub-cutaneous tumours, and inflammatory disorders. Keywords: paediatric dermatopathology; childhood melanoma; auto-inflammatory disorders; nodules; neonates; infants; bullous eruption in infancy; panniculitis; congenital cystic masses of the neck; congenital cysts; pseudo-malignancy; subcutaneous spindle cell neoplasms; ichthyoses; venous malformations; tuberous sclerosis complex EN paediatric dermatopathology childhood melanoma auto-inflammatory disorders nodules neonates infants bullous eruption in infancy panniculitis congenital cystic masses of the neck congenital cysts pseudo-malignancy subcutaneous spindle cell neoplasms ichthyoses venous malformations tuberous sclerosis complex 531 534 4 12/30/21 20211201 NES 211201 Paediatric dermatology is an expanding subspeciality. [Extracted from the article]

Our knowledge in vascular anomalies has grown tremendously in the past decade with the identification of key molecular pathways and genetic mutations that drive the development of vascular tumors and vascular malformations. This has led us to better understand the pathogenesis of vascular lesions, refine their diagnosis and update their classification while also exploring the opportunity for a targeted molecular treatment. This paper aims to provide an overview of venous malformations (VM) in childhood. Specific entities include common VMs, cutaneo-mucosal VM, blue rubber bleb nevus syndrome or Bean syndrome, glomuvenous malformation, cerebral cavernous malformation, familial intraosseous vascular malformation and verrucous venous malformation. The clinicopathological features and the molecular basis of each entity are reviewed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]