12 results
Search Results
2. Towards inclusive growth in Africa.
- Author
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van Niekerk, Arno J.
- Subjects
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SUSTAINABLE development , *POVERTY - Abstract
In view of inclusive growth (IG), a critical research question is: What adjustments to the growth process are necessary to ensure inclusive development? In attempting to answer this question, the paper investigates the concept of inclusive growth from different perspectives and examines the challenges and policy priorities for inclusive growth in the African context. Essential components of inclusive growth are identified. Given the promise it holds to help overcome the pressing obstacles of poverty, unemployment and inequality in a broad-based manner, IG is seen as instrumental in increasing Africa's economic inclusivity. The question of how inclusive the growth of African economies ought to be, is essential for ensuring sustainable development, considering rising population growth rates. The paper makes a contribution to mapping the way forward towards reaching this goal. Key findings are a reinterpretation of genuine growth and how inclusivity criteria can be used to achieve it. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. How cash transfers activate beneficiaries' decision-making in livelihood activities: A case of Soweto, South Africa.
- Author
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Nnaeme, Chibuikem C.
- Subjects
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DECISION making , *SOCIAL goals , *POOR communities , *DESIGN protection , *INFORMAL sector - Abstract
There is a growing pool of evidence showing that cash transfers can promote livelihood activities. Yet there has been limited empirical studies that explore how financial support influences beneficiaries' decision-making in the construction and operation of livelihood activities in an urban context. This study presents findings from qualitative research conducted in a poor urban community in South Africa. Structuration theory provides an analytical tool to understand how cash transfers enable decision-making of beneficiaries in livelihood activities. The study finds that beneficiaries make different types of initial and ongoing decisions to improve their socio-economic condition. Among the contributions of this paper is that it counters the cynicism that is usually attached to cash transfers. The study's implications include the incorporation of both social and economic goals in the design of social protection policies as well as the need for greater recognition of the role of the informal economy in eradicating poverty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Food poverty, hunger and household production in rural Eastern Cape households.
- Author
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Rogan, Michael
- Subjects
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POVERTY reduction , *RURAL development , *FOOD security , *DEMOCRACY , *AGRICULTURE - Abstract
More than two decades since the advent of democracy in South Africa, the place of small-scale agriculture in rural development, poverty alleviation and food security remains ambiguous and highly contested. However, there is now some new evidence that official income poverty estimates in South Africa may be underestimating the contribution of rural, land-based livelihoods when measuring household well-being. This paper aims to explore this possibility further by identifying how household production activities are associated with improved food security among rural Eastern Cape households in the former homelands. The analysis is based on data from Statistics South Africa's 2008/9 Living Conditions Survey and its annual General Household Surveys. In adopting a food poverty lens, the findings suggest that hunger levels are lower among farming households in the Eastern Cape even though a higher percentage of these households (relative to non-farming households) live below the national food poverty line. The paper concludes by discussing some implications for policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Public works programme and primary health care in South Africa: Creating jobs for health systems strengthening?
- Author
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Akintola, Olagoke
- Subjects
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PUBLIC works , *PRIMARY care , *JOB creation , *EMPLOYMENT , *POVERTY - Abstract
This paper examines employment and skills training for community caregivers within the expanded public works programme in South Africa. The paper argues that, as currently conceptualised, the skills and learnership programmes for community caregivers fail to take full advantage of the prevailing labour market realities. Therefore, the paper argues for strategic reconceptualisation of the programme to include learnerships for community caregivers that impart more mid-level to higher-level skills to meet current and future labour market demands particularly in primary health care. This, it is argued, will address the scarcity of skills in the health sector of the economy. Furthermore, the proposed programme will simultaneously have positive impacts on unemployment, the primary health care system and the socio-economic well-being of community caregivers. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Decomposing inequality and poverty in post-war Rwanda: The roles of gender, education, wealth and location.
- Author
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Finnoff, Kade
- Subjects
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POVERTY , *EQUALITY , *HOUSEHOLD surveys , *INCOME inequality , *HOUSEHOLDS - Abstract
This paper provides an overview of poverty and inequality in post-war Rwanda. Rwanda is one of the poorest countries in the world, and has recently become one of the most unequal. High levels of poverty and inequality have important implications not only in terms of evaluations of social welfare, but also for management of social tensions and the propensity for violent conflict in the future. This paper uses the first two available and nationally representative rounds of household surveys –EICV1 2000 and EICV2 2005 – to decompose and identify the major ‘sources' of poverty and inequality in the country. I find stark differences in vulnerability to poverty by region, gender and widow status of the head of household. I additionally find important changes in the ‘income generating functions' of Rwandan households, and that distribution of land and financial assets are increasingly important in determining the inter-household distribution of income. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Foreign aid versus support to social entrepreneurs: Reviewing the way of fighting poverty in Zimbabwe.
- Author
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Karanda, Crispen and Toledano, Nuria
- Subjects
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FOREIGN aid (American) , *SOCIAL entrepreneurship , *POVERTY reduction , *BUSINESSPEOPLE , *SUSTAINABLE development , *SOCIAL development - Abstract
Despite the development interventions that have been adopted to help the countries caught in a downward spiral of impoverishment, their problems still persist. This paper focuses on the role that traditional foreign aid and the more recent bottom-up approach of supporting social entrepreneurs are playing to tackle the situation of extreme poverty in Zimbabwe. Drawing upon a narrative inquiry, 35 stories were collected to bring fresh insights regarding the realities of such interventions as they are experienced by the local people. The evidence shows the main shortcomings of the current development models and suggests that the improvement of a declining economy such as Zimbabwe would need the interaction of various factors, so that some interventions will appear significant only when the conditions of primary importance exist in the environment. Additionally, the engagement of local people seems to be a key aspect to the success of some of the support measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Understanding the nexus between energy and water: A basis for human survival in South Africa.
- Author
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Ololade, Olusola Oluwayemisi
- Subjects
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POVERTY , *POWER resources , *SUSTAINABILITY ,SOUTH Africa economic development ,SOUTH African economy - Abstract
Despite the fact that the South African economy is highly diversified, the sustainability of its economic growth depends on the availability of two critical resources: water and energy. The national energy grid is mostly based on coal combustion, with very few viable alternative resources. Large amounts of water are needed to produce energy from coal and, in most places where coal reserves are located, there is evidence of water scarcity. The sustainable management of both sectors is essential, since research has shown that access to potable water and energy will lead to a better quality of life for people and help alleviate poverty. This paper will focus on the interlinkages and understanding of the trade-offs between water and energy and its implications for sustainable development in South Africa. The simultaneous implementation of selected Sustainable Development Goals targets could help reduce the trade-off between the two sectors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Local tourism value chain linkages as pro-poor tools for regional development in western Uganda.
- Author
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Adiyia, Bright and Vanneste, Dominique
- Subjects
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TOURISM & economic development , *COMMUNITY development , *TOURISM , *POVERTY , *SUPPLY chains - Abstract
Building on the model of Meyer [(2007). Pro-Poor tourism: from leakages to linkages. A conceptual framework for creating linkages between the accommodation sector and ‘poor’ neighbouring communities. Current Issues in Tourism 10(6), 558-83], this paper focuses on the regional development potential of local linkages with the supply chain and community partnerships of established tourism businesses in western Uganda. Results show that supply-related inconsistencies of local produce undermine the existence of supply chain linkages with local farmers, and favour business linkages with local intermediary suppliers, dominantly shaping the regional development potential of supply chain linkages in western Uganda. Yet, this research found several ‘windows of opportunity’ for local suppliers to connect to the tourism value chain. Results on community partnerships suggest that most businesses do not move beyond the absolute minimum partnership intensity that is required to be able to strategically use for marketing purposes and obtain a unique selling proposition. Finally, our research exposes the complexity of locating responsibility among different stakeholders of the value chain in suggested paths for (regional) development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Broiler production in South Africa: Is there space for smallholders in the commercial chicken coup?
- Author
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Louw, Marlene, Davids, Tracy, and Scheltema, Nico
- Subjects
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AGRICULTURE , *POVERTY , *VALUE chains , *FARMERS , *BROILER chickens - Abstract
It is agreed that agriculture provides avenues for impoverished households to produce and trade their way out of poverty. However, this requires market access and value chain integration of small-scale farmers. This paper explores the possibilities for integration of small-scale farmers into the mainstream commercial broiler value chain in South Africa. Production costs of small-scale producers are evaluated within the context of their commercial counterparts, with a case study approach. It revealed that smallscale producers pay more for inputs but also receive a substantial premium for sales of live birds in the informal market. This results in attractive gross margins for small-scale producers. There is, however, a production ceiling, due to demand and production considerations, associated with small-scale broiler production. This ultimately results in a dualistic industry with an informal (live sale) value chain at the one end of the spectrum and a sophisticated large-scale commercial value chain at the other. Given the salient production features and investment requirements associated with large-scale broiler production, organic growth from the small-scale value chain into the commercial value chain seems improbable. The dual nature of this industry should therefore be considered when developing policy geared towards development, poverty alleviation and value chain integration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Public assets and services delivery in South Africa: Is it really a success?
- Author
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Adams, Charles, Gallant, Rochelle, Jansen, Ada, and Yu, Derek
- Subjects
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MUNICIPAL services , *POVERTY , *POLICY sciences , *GOVERNMENT policy , *ECONOMIC development , *HOUSEHOLD surveys - Abstract
Poverty alleviation remains a pressing concern for South African policy-makers. Implementing effective anti-poverty policies requires a clear understanding of the nature and extent of poverty. The extant literature on South African poverty dynamics shows a decline in the headcount ratio over the first decade of the twenty-first century. However, the prior research largely adopts a narrow money-metric approach, or uses multi-dimensional indices that include welfare indicators based on private assets (e.g. television sets) or those that are provided publicly (e.g. access to water). This paper uses multiple correspondence analysis to measure non-income poverty trends for the period 2005–12. The novelty in this undertaking lies in an attempt to include a measure of the perceived quality of public assets and services to complement the standard indices. This provides some measure of ‘success’ of public service delivery, accounting for both changes in access and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
12. Measurements and determinants of multifaceted poverty in South Africa.
- Author
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Jansen, Ada, Moses, Mariana, Mujuta, Stanford, and Yu, Derek
- Subjects
- *
POVERTY , *WELL-being , *NATIONAL income , *SOCIAL problems , *SOCIAL status - Abstract
Poverty, despite being a multifaceted concept, is commonly measured in either absolute or relative monetary terms. However, it can also be measured subjectively, as people form perceptions on their relative income, welfare and life satisfaction. This is the first study that uses the National Income Dynamics Study data to analyse poverty across various objective and subjective methods. The paper finds that while respondents' poverty status varies across methods, blacks remain the racial group most likely to be defined as poor by at least one method. The multivariate analysis reveals that the impact of some explanatory variables, such as experience of negative events, frequency of crime victimisation, health status and importance of religious activities, is mixed across methods. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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