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3 results on '"Nuclear dynamics"'

1. Active Fluctuations of the Nuclear Envelope Shape the Transcriptional Dynamics in Oocytes

Author

Tristan Piolot, Maria Almonacid, Philippe Mailly, Adel Al Jord, Stephany El-Hayek, Marie-Hélène Verlhac, Kei Miyamoto, Alice Othmani, Auguste Genovesio, Fanny Coulpier, Sophie Lemoine, Raphaël Voituriez, Robert Grosse, Christophe Klein, Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en biologie (CIRB), Labex MemoLife, École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (IBENS), Département de Biologie - ENS Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Kindai University, University of Freiburg [Freiburg], Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers (CRC (UMR_S_1138 / U1138)), École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique de la Matière Condensée (LPTMC), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Jean Perrin (LJP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), sophie, lemoine, Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie de l'ENS Paris (UMR 8197/1024) (IBENS), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biology-Oriented Science and Technology, Kinki University, Régulations et communications cellulaires (RCC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Virology Laboratory, Hôpital Rothchild, Physiopathologie des Maladies du Système Nerveux Central, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Collège de France (CdF)-PSL Research University (PSL), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Ecole Superieure de Physique et de Chimie Industrielles de la Ville de Paris (ESPCI Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Collège de France (CdF (institution))-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, Cytoplasm, Nuclear Envelope, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mutant, Mice, Transgenic, nuclear dynamics, Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, mechano-transduction, Transcriptome, 03 medical and health sciences, F-actin, 0302 clinical medicine, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Gene expression, medicine, Animals, Molecular Biology, Actin, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, 030304 developmental biology, [PHYS]Physics [physics], Cell Nucleus, 0303 health sciences, Cell Biology, mouse oocyte, Oocyte, bio-physics, Actins, Chromatin, Cell biology, Actin Cytoskeleton, Meiosis, medicine.anatomical_structure, Oocytes, [SDV.BBM.GTP] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], Female, Nucleus, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Developmental Biology
Abstract

International audience; Nucleus position in cells can act as a developmental cue. Mammalian oocytes position their nucleus centrally using an F-actin-mediated pressure gradient. The biological significance of nucleus centering in mammalian oocytes being unknown, we sought to assess the F-actin pressure gradient effect on the nucleus. We addressed this using a dedicated computational 3D imaging approach, biophysical analyses, and a nucleus repositioning assay in mouse oocytes mutant for cytoplasmic F-actin. We found that the cytoplasmic activity, in charge of nucleus centering, shaped the nucleus while promoting nuclear envelope fluctuations and chromatin motion. Off-centered nuclei in F-actin mutant oocytes were misshaped with immobile chromatin and modulated gene expression. Restoration of F-actin in mutant oocytes rescued nucleus architecture fully and gene expression partially. Thus, the F-actin-mediated pressure gradient also modulates nucleus dynamics in oocytes. Moreover, this study supports a mechano-transduction model whereby cytoplasmic microfilaments could modulate oocyte transcriptome, essential for subsequent embryo development.

Published
2019

2. Activation of the Notch Signaling Pathway In Vivo Elicits Changes in CSL Nuclear Dynamics

Author

Gomez-Lamarca, Maria, Falo-Sanjuan, Julia, Stojnic, Robert, Abdul Rehman, Sohaib, Muresan, Leila, Jones, Matthew, Pillidge, Zoe, Cerda-Moya, Gustavo, Yuan, Zhenyu, Baloul, Sarah, Valenti, Phillippe, Bystricky, Kerstin, Payre, Francois, O'Holleran, Kevin, Kovall, Rhett, Bray, Sarah, Muresan, Leila [0000-0002-7602-0249], O'Holleran, Kevin [0000-0003-1039-2127], Bray, Sarah [0000-0002-1642-599X], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Department of Physiology Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Centre de biologie du développement (CBD), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de biologie moléculaire eucaryote (LBME), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre de Biologie Intégrative (CBI), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Models, Molecular, Transcriptional Activation, [SDV.IB.IMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Bioengineering/Imaging, assisted loading, nuclear dynamics, Suppressor of Hairless, Article, [SDV.BBM.GTP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Genomics [q-bio.GN], [SDV.BC.IC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology/Cell Behavior [q-bio.CB], CSL, Animals, Drosophila Proteins, Cell Nucleus, Receptors, Notch, single-molecule tracking, locus tag, [SDV.BBM.BM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular biology, [SDV.BBM.MN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Molecular Networks [q-bio.MN], [SDV.BDD.MOR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Morphogenesis, live imaging, DNA, notch signaling, [SDV.BBM.BP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biophysics, DNA-Binding Proteins, [SDV.GEN.GA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Animal genetics, [SDV.BDD.EO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Development Biology/Embryology and Organogenesis, Drosophila melanogaster, FRAP, chromatin, Protein Binding, Signal Transduction
Abstract

Summary A key feature of Notch signaling is that it directs immediate changes in transcription via the DNA-binding factor CSL, switching it from repression to activation. How Notch generates both a sensitive and accurate response—in the absence of any amplification step—remains to be elucidated. To address this question, we developed real-time analysis of CSL dynamics including single-molecule tracking in vivo. In Notch-OFF nuclei, a small proportion of CSL molecules transiently binds DNA, while in Notch-ON conditions CSL recruitment increases dramatically at target loci, where complexes have longer dwell times conferred by the Notch co-activator Mastermind. Surprisingly, recruitment of CSL-related corepressors also increases in Notch-ON conditions, revealing that Notch induces cooperative or “assisted” loading by promoting local increase in chromatin accessibility. Thus, in vivo Notch activity triggers changes in CSL dwell times and chromatin accessibility, which we propose confer sensitivity to small input changes and facilitate timely shut-down., Highlights • Live imaging reveals that CSL binds very dynamically in Notch-OFF conditions • Recruitment of CSL is enhanced in Notch-ON cells, and its residence time is increased • Notch locally increases chromatin accessibility to promote loading of CSL complexes • Longer CSL dwell times are conferred by the Notch-co-activator Mastermind, Gomez-Lamarca et al. explore the basis of Notch signaling responsiveness at the transcriptional level through in vivo, real-time analysis of key DNA-binding factor CSL. CSL is highly dynamic with transient DNA residence in the Notch-OFF state. Notch activity increases chromatin accessibility and confers a longer dwell time for response sensitivity.

Published
2018

3. Active Fluctuations of the Nuclear Envelope Shape the Transcriptional Dynamics in Oocytes.

Author

Almonacid, Maria, Al Jord, Adel, El-Hayek, Stephany, Othmani, Alice, Coulpier, Fanny, Lemoine, Sophie, Miyamoto, Kei, Grosse, Robert, Klein, Christophe, Piolot, Tristan, Mailly, Philippe, Voituriez, Raphaël, Genovesio, Auguste, and Verlhac, Marie-Hélène

Subjects
*NUCLEAR membranes, *NUCLEAR shapes, *CELL nuclei, *F-actin, *CHROMATIN
Abstract

Nucleus position in cells can act as a developmental cue. Mammalian oocytes position their nucleus centrally using an F-actin-mediated pressure gradient. The biological significance of nucleus centering in mammalian oocytes being unknown, we sought to assess the F-actin pressure gradient effect on the nucleus. We addressed this using a dedicated computational 3D imaging approach, biophysical analyses, and a nucleus repositioning assay in mouse oocytes mutant for cytoplasmic F-actin. We found that the cytoplasmic activity, in charge of nucleus centering, shaped the nucleus while promoting nuclear envelope fluctuations and chromatin motion. Off-centered nuclei in F-actin mutant oocytes were misshaped with immobile chromatin and modulated gene expression. Restoration of F-actin in mutant oocytes rescued nucleus architecture fully and gene expression partially. Thus, the F-actin-mediated pressure gradient also modulates nucleus dynamics in oocytes. Moreover, this study supports a mechano-transduction model whereby cytoplasmic microfilaments could modulate oocyte transcriptome, essential for subsequent embryo development. • Formin 2-nucleated F-actin impacts both oocyte nuclear position and architecture • Cytoplasmic F-actin promotes nuclear envelope fluctuations • Nuclear envelope fluctuations impact chromatin motion inside the nucleus • Cytoskeleton-induced nuclear envelope fluctuations modulate the oocyte transcriptome Almonacid et al. show that the positioning of the nucleus in the center of the oocyte is essential for proper gene expression. Actin, which positions the nucleus centrally, also ensures proper nuclear shape, and promotes nuclear envelope and chromatin movements that fine-tune gene expression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019
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