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Researchers from Central South University have identified ANGPTL3 as a potential therapeutic target for managing lipid disorders in patients with type 2 diabetes. The study highlights the importance of addressing lipid abnormalities in individuals with type 2 diabetes to reduce the risk of cardiovascular complications. By inhibiting ANGPTL3, promising effects have been observed in promoting cholesterol reverse transport and reducing levels of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and LDL cholesterol. This research sheds light on the role of ANGPTL3 in regulating plasma lipoprotein metabolism and its potential implications for improving lipid management in type 2 diabetes patients. [Extracted from the article]

A longitudinal study conducted in Zentsuji, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan, from 1998 to 2024 examined the relationship between dyslipidemia and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in non-diabetic Japanese adults. Dyslipidemia, defined by specific lipid concentrations, was found to be associated with a shorter time to the development of CKD. The study suggests that controlling lipid profiles within an appropriate range may help prevent the onset of CKD in the future. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers at Prince of Songkla University conducted a study on the hypoglycemic effects of Garcinia mangostana L. extracts on diabetic rodent models. The study found that all GM extracts were more effective than the control in reducing blood glucose levels within 2 weeks. The research suggests that GM and its extracts have significant potential as therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of diabetes mellitus, but further human trials are needed to confirm these findings. The study was supported by Walailak University and published in Frontiers in Pharmacology. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Department of Pharmaceutical in Satara, India, have developed and optimized charantin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (Ch-NLCs) to enhance their antidiabetic efficacy. The study showed that Ch-NLCs led to significant reductions in blood glucose levels, total cholesterol, LDL, and HbA1c levels, while improving HDL in diabetic mice. These findings suggest that Ch-NLCs could be a promising delivery system for charantin in diabetes management, with potential for further clinical investigation. [Extracted from the article]

A recent report from the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Science and Technology in China explores the predictive value of combining the serum TyG index, nesfatin-1, and retinol-binding protein 4 for diabetic retinopathy (DR) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study found that the TyG index, nesfatin-1, and RBP4 levels were early predictive markers for DR and were associated with the risk and severity of the disease. The combination of these markers showed better predictive performance for DR, indicating their potential utility in early detection and management of DR in diabetic patients. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses a clinical trial, NCT06644651, focusing on inflammation in the arteries of the heart in individuals with type 2 diabetes. The study uses a heart CT scan to measure inflammation by examining the fat tissue surrounding the heart arteries. The research aims to determine if inflammation in the fat tissue can predict plaque characteristics, the development of cardiovascular events, and major adverse cardiovascular events over a 7-year follow-up period. The study involves cardiovascular asymptomatic participants with type 2 diabetes and examines various outcomes related to inflammation, plaque features, and cardiovascular events. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Tongji University School of Medicine in Shanghai, China, conducted a study on the association between serum Metrnl levels and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study found that higher serum Metrnl levels were positively correlated with higher HDL-C levels in T2DM patients, suggesting that increasing Metrnl levels could potentially improve lipid metabolism and prevent cardiovascular events in this population. The study was registered in the Chinese clinical trial registry (ChiCTR-2100047148) and was published in PeerJ. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the National Institute for Nutrition and Health in China conducted a study on the association between remnant cholesterol (RC) and Metabolic Syndrome (MetS) among Chinese adults. The study, based on data from the Chinese Nutrition and Health Surveillance (2015-2017), included 65,618 residents aged 20 years or older from 31 provinces in mainland China. The research found a positive association between RC and MetS, with higher RC levels indicating a higher risk of MetS and its components. The study suggests that RC could be a useful indicator for the early prevention and control of MetS. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center examined the diagnostic accuracy of the triglyceride-to-high-density lipoprotein ratio (TG/HDL) in detecting early insulin resistance. The research found that for individuals with early metabolic imbalance, TG/HDL lacks the power to detect compensated insulin resistance. This study underscores the need for more effective markers to screen for early metabolic imbalance, which is a hidden risk factor for Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. The full article can be accessed in the American Journal of Preventive Cardiology. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study from Northeast Georgia Medical Center focused on preventive cardiology for diabetic patients on statin therapy. The research aimed to determine the optimal range of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels for cardiovascular outcomes in primary and secondary prevention. While the study found that an LDL range of 56-70 mg/dL had fewer cardiovascular outcomes in primary prevention patients, this was not supported by multinomial logistic regression. Healthcare providers are encouraged to continue focusing on reducing cardiovascular outcomes through LDL lowering in this patient population, with a call for larger prospective studies to establish optimal LDL goals for diabetics. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the Department of Chemistry explored the relationship between different hypoglycemic medications and the initiation of breast cancer in women with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The study included 80 female participants divided into three groups based on their treatment strategies. While there were no significant differences in certain parameters, levels of BRCA-1, estrogen receptor alpha, insulin, insulin-like growth factor IGF-1, and HOMA IR varied significantly among the groups. The research suggested that taking metformin alone for less than one year may contribute to higher levels of BRCA-1. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the University of Baghdad examined the association between leptin and asprosin levels in female patients with Type II diabetes mellitus. Leptin and asprosin are adipokines that play various roles in the body, including appetite regulation, glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, and cellular death. The study involved 60 participants, with 30 females in the diabetes group and 30 healthy females in the control group. The results showed that leptin and asprosin levels were significantly higher in the diabetic group compared to the control group. However, the study found a weak negative relationship between leptin and asprosin in female patients with Type II diabetes mellitus. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in Tamil Nadu, India, has examined the chemical and structural properties of a polysaccharide isolated from Gracilaria verrucosa and its potential anti-diabetic effects on mice with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The polysaccharide showed promising results, leading to an increase in body weight and insulin levels, as well as a decrease in glucose levels. Additionally, it was found to reduce total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein, and very low-density lipoprotein, while enhancing high-density lipoprotein. The researchers concluded that this polysaccharide could be a potential candidate for the development of anti-diabetic drugs in the future. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine examined the relationship between non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (NHHR) and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in adult diabetic patients. The study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) conducted between 2005 and 2016. The findings revealed that NHHR was significantly associated with an increased risk of DKD, with an NHHR value of approximately 2.66 identified as the ideal cutoff for assessing DKD risk. The study suggests that NHHR could be a useful marker for evaluating DKD risk in diabetic patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Al-Nahrain University in Baghdad, Iraq conducted a study to assess the impact of glycemic control on the lipid profile of hospitalized patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. The study found that increasing age and duration of the disease were associated with poor glycemic control in children with type 1 diabetes. Additionally, high levels of triglycerides, cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein were predictors of poor glycemic control. This research provides valuable insights into the relationship between diabetes and lipid profile in patients with type 1 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine have utilized machine learning algorithms to predict the risk of hypertension among middle-aged and elderly diabetic patients in China. The study collected data from 2,775 adults with diabetes and employed nine machine learning algorithms to develop prediction models for diabetes combined with hypertension (DCH). The results showed that non-linear machine learning models outperformed traditional logistic regression in predicting DCH, and there were variations in predictors and model accuracy based on gender. These findings could aid in early identification of DCH and the development of personalized intervention strategies. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Phramongkutklao College of Medicine in Bangkok, Thailand, examined the relationship between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL) and glycemic control in patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM). The study analyzed data from 30,195 Thai adults with T2DM and found a nonlinear, gender-specific relationship between HDL and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) levels. Males with higher HDL were more likely to achieve glycemic control, while females showed a U-shaped relationship, with increased HDL above a certain level associated with a rise in HbA1c. Further research is needed to understand these gender differences and the correlation between well-controlled and poorly controlled groups. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from the First Affiliated Hospital in Shaanxi, China, presents fresh data on the relationship between obesity, diabetes, and gallbladder stone disease. The study found that body mass index (BMI) is the strongest predictor of new-onset asymptomatic gallbladder stone disease in the pre-initial overweight population without diagnosed diabetes. Waist-to-height ratio and hypercholesterolemia were also identified as significant risk factors. The research suggests that BMI may be the best predictor for gallbladder stone disease risk in this population, while abdominal adiposity may be important during each phase. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by researchers at Zhejiang Gongshang University in China investigated the effects of giant salamander protein peptide (CGS) and its Maillard reaction product (CGSXyU) on blood glucose, lipid levels, immune function, and anti-fatigue activity in mice. The study found that the CGS/CGSXyU-L/H treatment group exhibited reduced fasting blood glucose concentration, serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, along with elevated high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels. Additionally, CGSXyU-H enhanced body weight, organ index, and levels of immune cytokines in immunocompromised mice. The study concluded that these protein peptides and their reaction products can regulate blood glucose and lipid metabolism, bolster immune function, and improve anti-fatigue capacity. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at Kocaeli Derince Education and Research Hospital in Turkey examined the relationship between serum vitamin D levels and the presence of diabetes and diabetic retinopathy. The study found that diabetic patients had lower levels of vitamin D compared to non-diabetic patients. However, there was no direct relationship between vitamin D levels and the development of diabetic retinopathy. These findings suggest that while vitamin D deficiency may be implicated in the pathogenesis and progression of diabetes, it does not directly contribute to the severity of diabetic retinopathy. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, examined the patterns of lipid abnormalities in individuals with obesity and different glycemic states. The study analyzed the lipid profiles of 138 subjects and found that elevated total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein were the most prevalent forms of dyslipidemia in obesity. Triglyceride levels were elevated in both normoglycemic and prediabetic obese groups, with a more significant increase in the latter group. The study also found that low high-density lipoprotein was more common in the prediabetic obese group. The researchers concluded that further research should explore the effects of targeted lipid management on obesity-associated complications. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Ebina General Hospital in Kanagawa, Japan, has found that excess triglycerides in very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) could be a useful biomarker for metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) in patients with type 2 diabetes. The researchers discovered that excess triglycerides in VLDL were strongly associated with MASLD, independent of other lipid parameters. This finding suggests that the composition of VLDL may be more directly linked to MASLD than other lipid markers. The study provides valuable insights into the diagnosis and understanding of metabolic dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical trials conducted by researchers at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran has found that fenugreek supplementation may have therapeutic effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study analyzed data from 19 clinical trials and found that fenugreek supplementation was associated with significant improvements in fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1C, insulin resistance, lipid profile, and body mass index in patients with T2DM. However, the effects on fasting insulin, triglycerides, and weight were not significant. The findings suggest that fenugreek may have protective and therapeutic effects on T2DM parameters. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research findings on liver diseases and conditions, specifically focusing on metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MASLD). The study conducted a retrospective longitudinal observational study on the long-term effects of sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) on MASLD in Asian populations. The results showed that long-term SGLT2is treatment significantly reduced body weight, hemoglobin A1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Additionally, this treatment improved liver function and markers for hepatic steatosis and hepatic fibrosis. The researchers suggest that long-term SGLT2is treatment may be an ideal therapy for MASLD patients. [Extracted from the article]

A new report discusses research on left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH), a critical factor in heart failure and cardiovascular event-related mortality. The study focuses on the occurrence and risk factors of LVH in non-diabetic populations in Sierra Leone. The researchers analyzed data from 2092 individuals and found that total cholesterol (TC), non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (Non-HDL-C), TC/HDL-C ratio, Non-HDL-C/HDL-C ratio, and TG/HDL-C ratio were independent risk factors for LVH in non-diabetic individuals. Non-HDL-C and TC were identified as essential indicators for predicting the prevalence of LVH. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Bayreuth in Germany explored the effects of interrupting prolonged sitting with light-intensity physical activity on inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk markers in young adults with overweight and obesity. The study involved 17 participants who were randomly assigned to different conditions, including uninterrupted sitting, alternate sitting and standing, continuous standing, and continuous walking. The researchers found that replacing and interrupting prolonged sitting with light-intensity walking had significant positive effects on certain inflammatory and cardiometabolic risk markers in young adults with overweight and obesity. This research provides valuable insights into the potential benefits of incorporating light-intensity physical activity into sedentary lifestyles. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Isfahan University of Medical Sciences in Iran focused on the use of mesoporous silica and alumina nanoparticles to improve drug delivery of pioglitazone for diabetic type 1 nephropathy in rats. The researchers synthesized the nanoparticles and loaded them with pioglitazone, which showed a superior release of about 80%. The study found that the mesoporous silica containing the drug significantly decreased various diabetic parameters and improved renal function. The researchers concluded that mesoporous nanoparticles have the potential to serve as a promising drug carrier for poorly water-soluble drugs and could provide beneficial effects on diabetic parameters. [Extracted from the article]

A report from researchers at Nankai University in China discusses the potential benefits of probiotic fermented milk supplementation in improving glucose and lipid metabolism and inflammation in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The researchers conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and found that probiotic fermented milk supplementation reduced fasting plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, total cholesterol, and C-reactive protein levels in patients with T2DM. However, more robust evidence is needed to determine the clinical significance of probiotic fermented milk in managing T2DM. The full article can be accessed for free at the provided link. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University in China explored the association between lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) and 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels and early diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study found that increased levels of Lp-PLA2 and decreased levels of 25(OH)D were risk factors for early DKD in T2DM patients. The combination of Lp-PLA2 and 25(OH)D detection may improve the diagnostic accuracy of DKD. The study highlights the potential roles of these biomarkers in the clinical diagnosis of DKD. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at King Saud University in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, has found that the platelet-high density lipoprotein ratio (PHR) can predict the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) in obese patients. The study analyzed 203 patients with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 and categorized them into non-diabetic obese and diabetic obese groups. The results showed that obese patients with T2D had significantly higher PHR levels compared to non-diabetic obese patients. The study concluded that PHR is a cost-effective marker that can reliably predict the presence of T2D in high-risk obese populations. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted by Babol University of Medical Sciences in Iran aimed to determine the predictive role of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and frailty syndrome (FS) in older adults. The study included 1000 older adults divided into frail, pre-frail, and non-frail groups. The results showed that central obesity, age over 84 years, female sex, diabetes mellitus, fasting blood sugar levels of 126 mg/dl, and uric acid levels over 7 were predictive of FS. The study highlights the need for preventive strategies for CVD and frailty in older adults. [Extracted from the article]

A report from Sichuan University discusses the associations between genetic variations and lipid profiles in elderly Chinese individuals with diabetes mellitus. The study focused on the insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphisms at the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene (ACE) and T/C polymorphisms in the angiotensin type 1 receptor gene (AGTR1). The results showed that ACE I/D was a predictor of triglyceride (TG)/high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels in the whole study population, while both ACE I/D and AGTR1 rs5182 were predictors of HDL-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels in females. The findings suggest gender-dependent interactions between genetic variations, diabetes, and lipid profiles, providing a new perspective for managing blood lipid levels in diabetic patients. [Extracted from the article]

Researchers from the University Hospital in Dijon, France have conducted a study on the mechanisms of hypertriglyceridemia associated with PLIN1-related familial partial lipodystrophy (FPL). The study found that patients with PLIN1-related FPL had decreased fat mass, insulin resistance, and diabetes, as well as higher plasma triglyceride levels compared to healthy controls and patients with type 2 diabetes. The researchers discovered that the hypertriglyceridemia in PLIN1-related FPL is a result of a decrease in the catabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoproteins, which may be due to a reduction in lipoprotein lipase availability related to decreased adipose tissue mass. This research provides insights into the understanding of obesity and diabetes. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted by researchers at the University of Kashan explored the effects of probiotic supplementation and exercise training on liver enzymes and cardiometabolic markers in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). The study found that probiotics combined with exercise resulted in significant improvements in liver enzymes, lipid profile, and insulin resistance compared to exercise alone. However, there were no significant changes in fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, or high-density lipoprotein levels. The study suggests that further research is needed to fully understand the benefits of combined treatment for NAFLD. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Islamic Azad University in Isfahan, Iran, explored the use of machine learning techniques to predict diabetes. The researchers collected blood samples and patient records from 250 diabetic patients and 100 healthy non-diabetic individuals. They analyzed the data using various algorithms and found that support vector machine (SVM) and artificial neural networks (ANNs) had the highest accuracy in diagnosing diabetes. The study suggests that ANNs and linear SVMs are recommended as superior models for diabetes diagnosis. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted in Chongqing, China investigated the effects of Bifidobacterium bifidum tetragonum tablets and Jin Gui Ren Qi Pill on intestinal flora and metabolism in patients with diabetic kidney disease. The study involved 30 patients diagnosed with diabetic nephropathy who were divided into three groups: a control group, a group receiving Bifidobacterium bifidum tetragonum tablets, and a group receiving Jin Gui Ren Qi Pill. The results showed that the combination of Jin Gui Ren Qi Pill with western medical treatment was more effective in reducing symptoms and the albumin/creatinine ratio compared to western medical treatment alone. Additionally, Bifidobacterium bifidum tetragonum tablets combined with western medical treatment reduced total cholesterol levels and levels of interleukin-2, suggesting a potential reduction in inflammation. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted at Xinjiang Medical University in China explored the association between insulin resistance and prostate cancer. The researchers used a metabolic score for insulin resistance (METS-IR) as an indicator and found a negative correlation between METS-IR and prostate cancer prevalence. They also discovered an interaction between METS-IR and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-c) that influenced the prevalence of prostate cancer. However, the study suggests that further research is needed to confirm the causal relationship between insulin resistance and prostate cancer. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the University of Ibadan in Nigeria investigated the effects of swimming exercise on blood glucose levels, adiponectin, glucose-6-phosphatase, and lipid profile in male Wistar rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes. The study found that swimming exercise for 28 days significantly reduced blood glucose, glucose-6-phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, total cholesterol, and low-density lipoprotein levels, while increasing adiponectin and high-density lipoprotein levels in diabetic rats. The research suggests that swimming exercise may help lower glucose levels, improve insulin sensitivity, and improve lipid profile in diabetic rats. [Extracted from the article]

A recent study conducted in China explored the potential hypoglycemic effects of polysaccharides from Physalis alkekengi L. in mice with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The study found that after six weeks of treatment, mice in the high-dosage group displayed significant improvements in fasting blood glucose concentration, glucose tolerance, serum insulin level, insulin resistance, and weight loss. The polysaccharides also regulated blood lipid levels and enhanced antioxidant capacities in the liver and pancreas. The researchers concluded that Physalis alkekengi polysaccharides have the potential to regulate blood glucose levels and protect the liver and pancreas from damage in T2DM. [Extracted from the article]

A new report from Fuwai Hospital in China explores the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels and mortality in populations with diverse atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk profiles. The study, which included over 4 million participants, found that the association between LDL-C and mortality varied among different ASCVD risk cohorts. The researchers concluded that stricter lipid control targets may be needed for individuals with higher ASCVD risk and those with diabetes. This information is important for individuals and healthcare professionals in understanding the optimal ranges of LDL-C for reducing mortality in specific populations. [Extracted from the article]

A study conducted at the Bronxcare Hospital eye clinic in New York aimed to predict proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) in non-Hispanic Black and Latino patients using machine learning algorithms and routine blood and urine test results. The study analyzed electronic medical records of 1124 type 2 diabetes patients and found that a balanced random forest model performed the best in predicting PDR, achieving an AUC of 83%. The study also highlighted the importance of considering ethnicity and sex when analyzing risk factors for PDR in type 2 diabetes individuals. This research demonstrates the potential of machine learning in identifying individuals at higher risk for PDR and allows clinicians to prioritize at-risk individuals for timely evaluations. [Extracted from the article]