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Purpose: We aimed to investigate the value of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-based parameters in differentiating between progressive massive fibrosis (PMF) and lung cancer., Methods: This retrospective study included 60 male patients (mean age, 67.0±9.0 years) with a history of more than 10 years working in underground coal mines who underwent 1.5 T MRI of thorax due to a lung nodule/mass suspicious for lung cancer on computed tomography. Thirty patients had PMF, and the remaining ones had lung cancer diagnosed histopathologically. The sequences were as follows: coronal single-shot turbo spin echo (SSH-TSE), axial T1- and T2-weighted spin-echo (SE), balanced turbo field echo, T1-weighted high-resolution isotropic volume excitation, free-breathing and respiratory triggered diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). The patients' demographics, lesion sizes, and MRI-derived parameters were compared between the patients with PMF and lung cancer., Results: Apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of DWI and respiratory triggered DWI, signal intensities on T1-weighted SE, T2-weighted SE, and SSH-TSE imaging were found to be significantly different between the groups (p < 0.001, for all comparisons). Median ADC values of free-breathing DWI in patients with PMF and cancer were 1.25 (0.93-2.60) and 0.76 (0.53-1.00) (× 10-3 mm2/s), respectively. Most PMF lesions were predominantly iso- or hypointense on T1-weighted SE, T2-weighted SE, and SSH-TSE, while most malignant ones predominantly showed high signal intensity on these sequences., Conclusion: MRI study including SE imaging, specially T1-weighted SE imaging and ADC values of DWI can help to distinguish PMF from lung cancer.

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in middle-aged and older men and negatively affects the quality of life. An ultrasound classification for BPH based on a previous pathologic classification was reported, and the types of BPH were classified according to different enlargement locations in the prostate. Afterwards, this classification was demonstrated using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The classification of BPH is important, as patients with different types of BPH can have different symptoms and treatment options. BPH types on MRI are as follows: type 0, an equal to or less than 25 cm3 prostate showing little or no zonal enlargements; type 1, bilateral transition zone (TZ) enlargement; type 2, retrourethral enlargement; type 3, bilateral TZ and retrourethral enlargement; type 4, pedunculated enlargement; type 5, pedunculated with bilateral TZ and/or retrourethral enlargement; type 6, subtrigonal or ectopic enlargement; type 7, other combinations of enlargements. We retrospectively evaluated MRI images of BPH patients who were histologically diagnosed and presented the different types of BPH on MRI. MRI, with its advantage of multiplanar imaging and superior soft tissue contrast resolution, can be used in BPH patients for differentiation of BPH from prostate cancer, estimation of zonal and entire prostatic volumes, determination of the stromal/glandular ratio, detection of the enlargement locations, and classification of BPH types which may be potentially helpful in choosing the optimal treatment.